Korean Journal of Poultry Science (한국가금학회지)

The Korean Society of Poultry Science (한국가금학회)
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Effects of High Stocking Density on the Expression of Metabolic Related Genes in Two Strains of Chickens

닭의 고밀도사양 스트레스가 품종 간 체내대사 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향

  • Sohn, Sea Hwan (Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Jang, In Surk (Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • An, Young Sook (Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Moon, Yang Soo (Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology)
  • 손시환 (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과) ;
  • 장인석 (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과) ;
  • 안영숙 (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과) ;
  • 문양수 (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과)
  • Received : 2015.02.04
  • Accepted : 2015.03.09
  • Published : 2015.03.31
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Abstract

Chickens are exposed to the external and internal stressors such as low and high temperature, high stocking density, feed restriction and disease. There have been a few studies on gene expressions through the investigation of chickens under direct exposure to the stress of high stocking density. The objective of the present study was to determine the expressions of genes associated with stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress, lipid and glucose metabolism in two strains of chickens, Korean Native Chicken (KNC) and White Leghorn (WL), raised in high stocking density. A total of 164 chickens aged 40 weeks were randomly allotted to a $540cm^2/bird$ stocking density (control), whereas the chickens in a high density group were assigned in a $311cm^2/bird$ stocking density with feeding ad libitum for 10 weeks. Total RNA was extracted from the live for qRT-PCR. The expression levels of hsp70 and $hsp90{\alpha}$ were higher in WL subjected to stress with high stocking density compared with those genes in control (P<0.05), while the expressions of genes were not affected in KNC. ER stress marker gene XBP1 was also highly expressed in WL with stress (P<0.05), but the stress of high stocking density did not influence to ER stress marker genes in KNC. Lipid metabolism associated genes including FABP4, FATP1 and ACSL1 were highly expressed in WL compared with KNC when subjected to high stocking density stress (P<0.05). The expression of glucose transport gene GLUT2 and GLUT8 were increased in chickens exposured to the stress of high stocking density (P<0.05). The data indicate that WL is more sensitive to the stress of high stocking density compared with KNC and the stress may influence the modulation of lipid and glucose metabolism in the liver of chickens.

본 연구는 밀사에 의한 환경스트레스가 닭의 품종에 따라 스트레스 및 대사 연관 유전자들의 발현에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 실시하였다. 공시계는 한국재래닭과 백색레그혼으로 두 품종 모두 40주령 때 대조구($540cm^2$/수) 및 고밀도구($311cm^2$/수)로 분리하고, 50주령까지 10주간 사육하였다. 사양시험 종료 후, 각 개체의 간으로부터 total RNA를 추출하고, 스트레스, 소포체(ER) 스트레스 및 대사 연관유전자들의 발현을 real-time PCR을 이용하여 분석하였다. 한국재래계는 분석된 모든 스트레스 표지 유전자들의 발현이 밀사구와 대조구 사이에 유의적인 변화를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 백색레그혼의 경우, HSP70과 $HSP90{\alpha}$ 유전자의 발현이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 분석된 ATF6, GRP78, SREBP2 등의 발현은 품종 간 차이를 볼 수 없었지만, XBP1의 경우 백색레그혼이 한국재래계에 비하여 높은 발현을 보였다(P<0.05). 분석된 유전자들 중 FABP4, FATP1, ACSL1 등의 경우, 한국재래계에 비하여 백색레그혼에서 높은 유전자 발현을 보였다(P<0.05). GLUT의 발현은 품종 간에는 영향을 받지 않지만, 밀사에 의한 영향을 받고 있음을 보여주었다. 고밀도사양 체계는 닭의 품종과 관계없이 스트레스 요인이 될 수 있으며, 닭의 품종이나 개량의 정도에 따라 스트레스 반응에 대한 유전적 차이가 있음을 시사하고, 또한 밀사와 같은 환경적 스트레스는 간의 지방 및 포도당 대사에 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 보여주었다.

Keywords

References

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