World Technopolis Review

  • 제4권4호
  • /
  • Pages.222-237
  • /
  • 2015
  • /
  • 2234-4594(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2508-8882(eISSN)
세계과학도시연합 (World Technopolis Association)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Formal Business Plans as Myth and Ceremony: Education and Practical Implications

  • Mahdjoubi, Darius (Graduate Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran) ;
  • Gibson, David V. (IC2 Institute, The University of Texas at Austin)
  • 투고 : 2015.09.04
  • 심사 : 2015.12.14
  • 발행 : 2015.12.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Business plan competitions and related education are common activities to regions that are, or desire to be, important innovative and start-up regions. The literature is contradictory regarding the value of formal business plans (FBPs) toward venture planning, capital acquisition, and education. This study analyzes the relevant literature and sample of 35 FBPs to assess these contradictions. We propose the theoretical constructs of "myth and ceremony" to explain the loose coupling of FBPs to real business environments, an observation consistent with theory that suggests organizations perpetuate the myths of their institutional environment to maintain their legitimacy. We offer Action Business Planning as an alternative to more accurately address the realities of venture creation and survival, and for education.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Ames, B. C. (1989) "How to devise a winning business plan," Journal of Business Strategy 10(3): 26-30. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb039306
  2. Ashamalla, M. H., Orife, J. N., and Abel, I. (2008) "Business plans: Are they relevant to venture capitalists?" Journal of Small Business an Entrepreneurship 21(4): 381-391. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2008.10593431
  3. Bhide, A. (1994) "How entrepreneurs craft strategies that work," Harvard Business Review 72(2): 150-61.
  4. Bhide, A. (2000) The origin and evolution of new businesses, New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  5. Burke, A., Fraser, S., and Greene, F. J. (2010) "The multiple effects of business planning on new venture performance," Journal of Management Studies 47(3): 391-415. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2009.00857.x
  6. Cadenhead, G. (2002) No longer moot, Austin, TX: Remoir.
  7. Castrogiovanni, G. J. (1996) "Pre-startup planning and the survival of new small businesses: Theoretical linkages," Journal of Management 22(6): 801-823. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-2063(96)90037-9
  8. Chesbrough, H. (2002) Open innovation, Boston : Harvard Business School Press.
  9. Cooper, A. C. (1993) "Challenges in predicting new firm performance," Journal of Business Venturing 8(3): 240-253.
  10. Delmar, F. and Shane, S. (2003) "Does business planning facilitate the development of new ventures?" Strategic Management Journal 24(12): 1165-1186. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.349
  11. Dell, M. (1999) Direct from Dell, New York, NY: Harper Business.
  12. De Gues, A. (1997) The living company, Boston : Harvard Business School Press.
  13. EMFD (European Forum for Management Development) (2004) A survey of entrepreneurship activities of European university and business schools, Brussels: EMFD.
  14. Gates, B. (1995) The road ahead, New York, NY: Penguin.
  15. Gibson, B., Cassar, G. and Winghan, D. (2001) Longitudinal analysis of relationships between planning and performance in small Australian firms, Presented at the 2001 USASBE/SBID Annual National Conference, Orlando, FL.
  16. Gumpert, D. E. (2002) Burn your business plan: What investors really want from entrepreneurs, Needham, MA: Lauson.
  17. Headd, B. (2003) "Redefining business success: Distinguishing between closure and failure," Small Business Economics 21(1): 51-61. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1024433630958
  18. Hills, G. E. (1988) "Variations in university entrepreneurship education: An empirical study of an evolving field," Journal of Business Venturing 3(2): 109-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/0883-9026(88)90021-3
  19. Hindle, K. (1997) An enhanced paradigm of entrepreneurial business planning, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia.
  20. Honig, B. and Karlsson, T. (2004) "Institutional forces and the written business plan," Journal of Management 30(1): 29-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jm.2002.11.002
  21. Honig, B. and Samuelsson M. (2008) Institutional isomorphism and the likelihood of business planning: The moderating effects of environmental uncertainty, Babson annual conference, UNC Chapel Hill.
  22. Honig, B. (2012) "Planning for entrepreneurial finance and capital: a critical review of the importance of teaching business planning," In Cumming, D. (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Entrepreneurial Finance. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  23. Kahrs, K. (1995) Business plans handbook, Detroit, MI: International Thomson.
  24. Karlsson, T. and Honig, B. (2009) "Judging a business by its cover: An institutional perspective on new ventures and the business plan," Journal of Business Venturing 24(1): 27-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2007.10.003
  25. Kirsh, D., Goldfarb, B. and Gera, A. (2009) "Form or substance: The role of business plans in venture capital decision making," Strategic Management Journal 30(3): 485-515.
  26. Kozmetsky, G. and Yue, P. (2002) The economic transformation of the United States, 1950-2000. Austin, TX: IC2 Institute.
  27. Kuratko, D. F., and Hodgetts, R. M. (2001) Entrepreneurship: A contemporary approach, Orlando, FL: Harcourt.
  28. Lambing, P. and Kuehl, C. R. (2000) Entrepreneurship, Upper Saddle River, NJ :Prentice Hall.
  29. Lange, J. E., Mollov, A., Pearlmutter, M., Singh, S. and Bygrave, W. D. (2007) "Pre-start-up formal business plans and post-start-up performance: A study of 116 new ventures," Venture Capital 9(4): 237-256. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691060701414840
  30. Lovallo, D. and Kahneman, D. (2003) "Delusions of success," Harvard Business Review 81(7): 56-63.
  31. Lumpkin, G. T., Shrader, R. C, and Hills, G. E. (1998) "Does formal business planning enhance the performance of new ventures," In Reynolds, P.D. (Ed.), Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, Babson Park, MA: Babson College.
  32. Mahdjoubi, D. (2004) Knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurship: Business plans, capital, technology and growth of new ventures in Austin, Texas, Interdisciplinary dissertation. The University of Texas at Austin, United States.
  33. Meyer, J. and Rowan, B. (1977) "Institutionalized organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony," American Journal of Sociology 83(2): 340-363. https://doi.org/10.1086/226550
  34. Maitland, I. (1996) Successful business plans in a week, Oxon, UK: Hodder & Stoughton.
  35. Orton, D. and Weick, K. (1990) "Loosely coupled systems: A reconceptualization," Academy of Management Review 15(2): 203-223. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1990.4308154
  36. Poon, J. T. F. (1996) "Writing a business plan that communicates," In Meng, L.A., and Liang, T.W. (Eds.), Entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship, and enterprising culture, Singapore: Superskill Graphics.
  37. Perry, S. C. (2001) "The relationships between written business plans and the failure of small businesses in the U.S.," Journal of Small Business Management 39(3): 201-208. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-627X.00019
  38. Rock, A. (1987) "Strategy vs. tactics from a venture capitalist," Harvard Business Review 65(6): 63-67.
  39. Russell, R., Atchison, M., and Brooks, R. (2008) "Business plan competitions in tertiary institutions: encouraging entrepreneurship education," Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 30(2): 123-138. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600800801938739
  40. Sahlman, W. A. (2008) How to write a great business plan, Harvard Business Press.
  41. Stevenson, H. H., Grousbeck, H. I., Roberts, M. J., and Bhide, A. (1999) New business ventures and the entrepreneur, Boston : McGraw-Hill.
  42. Timmons, J. and Spinelli, S. (1999) New venture creation: Entrepreneurship for the 21st century, Boston : McGraw-Hill.
  43. Weber, K., Davis, G. F. and Lounsbury, M. (2009) "Policy as myth and ceremony? The global spread of stock exchanges, 1980-2005," Academy of Management Journal 52(6): 1319-1347. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2009.47085184
  44. Weick, K. (1976) "Educational organizations as loosely coupled systems," Administrative Science Quarterly 21: 1-19 https://doi.org/10.2307/2391875
  45. Wickham, P. A. (1998) Strategic Entrepreneurship: a Decision-Making Approach to New Venture Creation and Management, Pitman, London. .
  46. Zinger, J. T. and LeBrasseur, R. (2003) "The benefits of business planning in early stage small enterprises," Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship 17(1): 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2003.10593309
  47. Zipple-Schultz, B., and Schultz, C. (2011) "Mediated and moderated effects of business and project planning on innovation projects in hospitals," Creativity and Innovation Management Journal 20(4): 296-310. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8691.2011.00612.x
  48. Intel Museum. (2004). http://www.intel.com/intel/intelis/museum/index.htm.