동아시아식생활학회지 (Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life)

  • 제25권1호
  • /
  • Pages.99-110
  • /
  • 2015
  • /
  • 1225-6781(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2288-8802(eISSN)
동아시아식생활학회 (The East Asian Society of Dietary Life)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

한국인 다소비 채소의 에탄올 추출물이 3T3-L1 지방세포와 HepG2 간장세포의 지질축적, MCP-1과 Adiponectin의 분비에 미치는 영향

Effects of Ethanol Extracts from Commonly Consumed Vegetables in Korea on Differentiation and Secretion of MCP-1 and Adiponectin in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and Lipid Accumulation in HepG2 Hepatocytes

  • 안은미 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 강현주 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 김영 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 최정숙 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부) ;
  • 강민숙 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농식품자원부)
  • Ahn, Eun Mi (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Kang, Hyun Ju (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Kim, Young (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Choe, Jeong Sook (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Kang, Min-Sook (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science)
  • 투고 : 2014.11.14
  • 심사 : 2015.02.27
  • 발행 : 2015.02.27
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

본 연구는 한국인이 다소비하는 채소 중 국민건강영양조사 자료와 관련연구 문헌을 통하여 9가지를 선정하고, 3T3-L1 지방전구세포와 HepG2 간장세포를 이용하여 채소의 80% 에탄올 추출물이 비만과 대사증후군 관련 지표에 미치는 영향을 조사하여, 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 3T3-L1 지방전구세포와 HepG2 간장세포에서 세포생존율은 고사리 0.01~0.1 mg/mL 농도에서, 나머지 8가지 시료는 0.02~0.2 mg/mL의 농도에서 세포생존율에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 2. 분화된 3T3-L1 지방세포의 Oil-red O 결과, 고사리를 제외한 8가지 시료는 한 가지 이상 농도에서 대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 지방분화 억제 효과를 보였으며, 시료에 따라 지방분화율을 25~90% 정도 감소시켰다. 그 중에서 쑥갓(0.02 mg/mL, 68%; 0.2 mg/mL, 61%)과 쑥(0.02 mg/mL, 57%; 0.2 mg/mL 90%)의 에탄올 추출물은 50% 이상의 지방분화 저해율을 보였다. 3. 3T3-L1 지방전구세포의 지방분화를 효과적으로 감소시킨 다소비 채소 7가지에 대하여 염증성 사이토카인인 MCP-1 단백질 분비를 측정하였을 때, 애호박, 부추, 쑥갓과 쑥은 대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 감소하였다. 4. Adiponectin의 단백질 분비는 7가지 시료에서 모두 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 유전자 발현은 애호박, 부추, 쑥갓과 쑥의 에탄올 추출물에서 대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 지방분화 관련 유전자인 PPAR-${\gamma}$의 발현은 쑥, aP2의 발현은 부추와 쑥의 에탄올 추출물에서 대조군에 비하여 유의적으로 감소하였다. 5. 비만에 의한 NAFLD의 모델로, HepG2 간장세포에 oleic acid를 처리하여 지방 독성을 유발한 후 채소의 80% 에탄올 추출물을 처리하였을 때 시료의 농도에 따른 지질축적 저해율의 차이는 있었지만, 9가지 시료 모두에서 간장세포의 지질축적을 저해하였다. 그 중 부추(0.02 mg/mL, 26%; 0.2 mg/mL, 29%)와 고구마줄기(0.02 mg/mL, 25%; 0.2 mg/mL, 20%) 에탄올 추출물은 처리한 농도 모두에서 감소 효과가 있었으며, 저농도에서 고농도 수준의 감소 효과를 보였다. 6. 지방과 간장세포의 지질축적 억제, 지방세포에서 과분비된 MCP-1의 감소, 지방분화관련 유전자의 발현 감소 효과가 있는 시료로 애호박, 부추, 쑥갓과 쑥이 선정되었다.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effects of commonly consumed vegetables in Korea on lipid accumulation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines related to obesity/metabolic syndrome. Using KNHANES (Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) raw data ($1^{st}$; 1998, $5^{th}$; 2010, 2011) and a literature search, we selected vegetables for study. Edible portions of samples were prepared, ethanol-extracted, and then freeze-dried. 3T3-L1 adipocytes and HepG2 hepatocytes cells were used as in vitro models. Lipid accumulation determined by Oil-red O staining showed that all samples except bracken had inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Especially, crown daisy and mugwort effectively reduced accumulation of lipids, and their inhibition rates were more than 60% of the control group. Young pumpkin, leeks, crown daisy, and mugwort showed significantly decreased MCP-1 levels compared to the control group. However, adiponectin protein level did not increase in the vegetables experimental group. In HepG2 hepatocytes, all samples showed inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation at one of the two concentrations. Although adiponectin protein levels did not increase, MCP-1 protein levels decreased in adipocytes. Further, lipid accumulation in adipocytes and hepatocytes decreased. In conclusion, all samples showed one or more improved obesity/metabolic syndrome indicators. Among them, young pumpkin, leeks, crown daisy, and mugwort were selected as the most effective portions of vegetables based on improvement of obesity/metabolic syndrome-related indicators.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Andrade JM, Paraiso AF, de Oliveira MV, Martins AM, Neto JF, Guimaraes AL, de Paula AM, Qureshi M, Santos SH (2014) Resveratrol attenuates hepatic steatosis in high-fat fed mice by decreasing, lipogenesis and inflammation. Nutrition 30: 915-919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2013.11.016
  2. Bastard JP, Maachi M, Lagathu C, Kim MJ, Caron M, Vidal H, Capeau J, Feve B (2006) Recent advances in the relationship between obesity, inflammation and insulin resistance. Eur Cytokine Netw 17: 4-12.
  3. Bechman CH (2000) Phenolic-storing cells: Keys to programmed cell death and periderm formation in wilt disease resistance and in general defence responses in plants. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 57: 101-110. https://doi.org/10.1006/pmpp.2000.0287
  4. Belalcazar LM, Anderson AM, Lang W, Schwenke DC, Haffner SM, Yatsuya H, Rushing J, Vitolins MZ, Reeves R, Pi-Sunyer FX, Tracy RP, Ballantyne CM (2014) Fiber intake and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in type 2 diabetes: look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) trial findings at baseline and year 1. J Acad Nutr Diet S2212-2672.
  5. Chang Y, Jung HS, Yun KE, Cho J, Cho YK, Ryu S (2013) Cohort study of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD fibrosis score, and the risk of incident diabetes in a Korean population. Am J Gastroenterol 8: 1861-1868.
  6. Chai JW, Lim SL, Kanthimathi MS, Kuppusamy UR (2011) Gene regulation in $\beta$-sitosterol-mediated stimulation of adipogenesis, glucose uptake, and lipid mobilization in rat primary adipocytes. Genes Nutr 6(2): 181-188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-010-0196-4
  7. Choi E, Park H, Lee J, Kim K (2013) Anticnacer, antiobesity, and anti-inflammatory activity of Artemisia species in vitro. J Tradit Chin Med 33: 92-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0254-6272(13)60107-7
  8. Dietrich P, Hellerbrand C (2014) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 28: 637-653.
  9. Fasshauer M, Klein J, Kralisch S, Klier M, Lossner U, Bluher M, Paschke R (2004) Growth hormone is a positive regulator of adiponectin receptor 2 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. FEBS Lett 558(1-3): 27-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01525-4
  10. Gawron-Skarbek A, Chrzczanowicz J, Kostka J, Nowak D, Drygas W, Jegier A, Kostka T (2014) Cardiovascular risk factors and total serum antioxidant capacity in healthy men and in men with coronary heart disease. Biomed Res Int 2014: 1-8.
  11. Griffiths G, Trueman L, Crowther T, Thomas B, Smith B (2002) Onions-a global benefit to health. Phytother Res 16(7): 603-615. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1222
  12. Guerre-Millo M (2004) Adipose tissue and adipokines: For better or worse. Diabetes Metab 30: 13-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1262-3636(07)70084-8
  13. Han JM, Kim MJ, Baek SH, An S, Jin YY, Chung HG, Baek NI, Choi MS, Lee KT, Jeong TS (2009) Antiatherosclerotic effects of Artemisia princeps Pampani cv. Sajaval in LDL receptor deficient mice. J Agric Food Chem 57: 1267-1274. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf802639y
  14. Hashimoto E, Taniai M, Tokushige K (2013) Characteristics and diagnosis of NAFLD/ NASH. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 28: 64-70. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.12271
  15. Hursel R, Westerterp-Plantenga MS (2013) Catechin-and caffeine-rich teas for control of body weight in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 98: 1682S-1693S. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.058396
  16. Jeong D, Yi YS, Sung GH, Yang WS, Park JG, Yoon K, Yoon DH, Song C, Lee Y, Rhee MH, Kim TW, Kim JH, Cho JY (2014) Anti-inflammatory activities and mechanisms of Artemisia asiatica ethanol extract. J Ethnophmacol 152: 487-496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.01.030
  17. Kanda H, Tateya S, Tamori Y, Kotani K, Hiasa K, Kitazawa R, Kitazawa S, Miyachi H, Maeda S, Egashira K, Kasuga M (2006) MCP-1 contributes to macrophage infiltration into adipose tissue, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in obesity. J Clin Invest 116(6): 1494-1505. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI26498
  18. Kang JS, Lee WK, Lee CW, Yoon WK, Kim N, Park SK, Lee HS, Park HK, Han SB, Yun J, Lee K, Lee KH, Park SK, Kim HM (2011) Improvement of high-fat diet-induced obesity by a mixture of red grape extract, soy isoflavone and L-carnitine: Implications in cardiovascular and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases. Food Chem Toxicol 49: 2453-2458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.071
  19. Kim HS, Hwang MR, Park DK, Heu YC, Lee HJ, Kang NJ (2014) Changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes depending on ripening levels in Cucubita spp. Journal of Agriculture & Life Science 48(1): 59-66. https://doi.org/10.14397/jals.2014.48.1.59
  20. Kim HS (2011) The effect of IGFBP-3 on adipokines and gene expression in differentiation 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Korean Soc Pediatr Endocrinol 16(1): 24-30. https://doi.org/10.6065/jkspe.2011.16.1.24
  21. Ko YJ, Seol HG, Lee GR, Jeong GI, Ryu CH (2013) Anti-inflammatory effect and antioxidative activities of ingredients used in Bibimbab. J Life Sci 23(2): 213-221. https://doi.org/10.5352/JLS.2013.23.2.213
  22. Lee JS, Kim MH, Lee JH, Jung ES, Yoo ES, Park DH (2012) Artemisinic acid is a regulator of adipocyte differentiation and C/EBP $\delta$ expression. J Cell Biochem 113: 2488-2499. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.24124
  23. Lee KD, Ha TJ, Lee BW, Lee JR, Lee J, Hwang SW, Jo DR, Nam SH, Yang MS (2003) Isolation and identification of terpenoids from the leaf of Chrysanthemum coronarium L. J Korean Soc Agric Chem Biothechnol 46(1): 55-59.
  24. Liu RH (2004) Potential synergy of phytochemicals in cancer prevention: Mechanism of action. J Nutr 134: 3479S-3485S. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/134.12.3479S
  25. Liu RH (2013) Dietary bioactive compounds and their health implications. J Food Sci 1: A18-25.
  26. Lee SE, Kang M, Park YH, Joung H, Yang YK, Paik HY (2012) Perception of common Korean dishes and foods among professionals in related fields. Korean J Nutr 45(6): 562-576. https://doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2012.45.6.562
  27. Machado MV, Cortez-Pinto H (2014) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: What the clinician needs to know. World J Gastroenterol 20: 12956-12980. https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i36.12956
  28. Maeda H, Saito S, Nakamura N, Maoka T (2013) Paprika pigments attenuate obesity induced inflammation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. ISRN Inflamm 2013: 1-9.
  29. Mosmann T (1983) Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J Immunol Methods 65: 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4
  30. Overman A, Bumrungpert A, Kennedy A, Martinez K, Chuang CC, West T, Dawson B, Jia W, McIntosh M (2010) Polyphenol-rich grape powder extract (GPE) attenuates inflammation in human macrophages and in human adipocytes exposed to macrophage-conditioned media. Int J Obes (Lond) 34: 800-808. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2009.296
  31. Pandey KB, Rizvi SI (2009) Plant phenols as dietary antioxidants in human and disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2: 270-278. https://doi.org/10.4161/oxim.2.5.9498
  32. Philips GO (2013) Dietary fibre: A chemical category or a health ingredient? Bioactive carbohydrate and dietary fiber. Bioactive Carbohydrates and Dietary Fibre 1: 3-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcdf.2012.12.001
  33. Rayalam S, Della-Fera MA, Baile CA (2008) Phytochemicals and regulation of the adipocyte life cycle. J Nutr Biochem 19: 717-726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.12.007
  34. Rosen ED, Walkey CJ, Puigserver P, Spiegelman BM (2000) Transcriptional regulation of adipogenesis. Genes Dev 14 (11):1293-1307.
  35. Ryoo JH, Han WT, Choi JM, Kang MA, An SH, Lee JK, Shin HC, Park SK (2014) Clinical significance of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as a risk factor for prehypertension. J Korean Med Sci 29: 973-979. https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2014.29.7.973
  36. Scotece M, Conde J, Vuolteenaho K, Koskinen A, Lopez V (2014) Adipokines as drug targets in joint and bone disease. Drug Discov Today 19: 241-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2013.07.012
  37. Song MC, Yang HJ, Cho JG, Chung IS, Kwon BM, Kim DK (2009) Glycerides from the aerial parts of garland (Chrysanthemum coronarium L.) and their inhibitory effects on ACAT, DGAT, FPTase, and $\beta$-secretase. Food Sci Biotechnol 18 (1): 95-102.
  38. Song MC, Hong YH, Kim DH, Kim DK, Chung IS, Lee YH, Kim SH, Park MH, Kim IH, Kwon BM, Baek NI (2003) Development of biologically active compounds from edible plant soureces-VI. Isolation of sterol compounds from the aerial parts of garland (Chrysanthemum coronarium L.). J Korean Soc Agric Chem Biotechnol 46(4): 376-379.
  39. Wu C, Luan H, Zhang X, Wang S, Zhang X, Sun X, Guo P (2014) Chlorogenic acid protects against atherosclerosis in ApoE-/-mice and promotes cholesterol efflux from RAW-264.7 macrophages. PLoS One 9(9): 1-9.
  40. Yen GC, Chen YC, Chang WT, Hsu CL (2011) Effects of polyphenolic compounds on tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$)-induced changes of adipokines and oxidative stress in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J Agric Food Chem 59(2): 546-551. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf1036992
  41. http://koreanfood.rda.go.kr/ Food composition table, 8th revision, Accessed Nov. 13. 2014.
  42. http://www.mfds.go.kr/ Influence of dietary intake on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean. 2012. Accessed Nov. 13. 2014.

피인용 문헌

  1. Antiobesity effects of kimchi in diet-induced obese mice vol.2, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jef.2015.08.001
  2. 몽골과 미얀마 식물 14종의 3T3-L1 및 HepG2 세포에서 지질 축적 억제효과 vol.36, pp.1, 2021, https://doi.org/10.7318/kjfc/2021.36.1.130
  3. Inhibitory effects of Tunisian plants extracts on oxidative stress and lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells vol.28, pp.3, 2021, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2021.28.3.403