한국습지학회지 (Journal of Wetlands Research)

  • 제17권1호
  • /
  • Pages.62-74
  • /
  • 2015
  • /
  • 1229-6031(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2384-0056(eISSN)
한국습지학회 (Korean Wetlands Society)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

농촌과 도시지역 비교를 통한 연못형습지의 식생다양성 증진방안 연구

The Comparative Studies on the Urban and Rural Landscape for the Plant Diversity Improvement in Pond Wetland

  • 손진관 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 공민재 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 강동현 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 남홍식 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김남춘 (단국대학교 녹지조경학과)
  • 투고 : 2015.01.22
  • 심사 : 2015.02.04
  • 발행 : 2015.02.28
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

도시지역은 생태적 기능 쇠퇴 등 다양한 위협에 처해있다. 이러한 도시환경을 개선, 복원하기 위한 노력의 일환으로 연못형습지(Pond) 유형이 많이 조성되고 있다. 본 연구는 농촌의 반 자연형 습지 특성을 분석하여 도시지역 습지의 개선방안을 알아보았다. 수질환경 개선방안으로 인근 하천의 자연수를 유입하거나 강우의 직접유입을 제안하였다. 토양환경 중 토양산도, 유기물, 전질소 함량 등을 분석한 결과 농촌지역과 차이가 나는 원인으로는 도시지역이 인공적인 수문공급, 고사체 제거, 인공토양, 방수재 사용 등을 제시하였고 개선방안으로 설계, 시공 시 자연재료 사용, 자연형 수문상태, 가을철 식물 방치 등을 제안하였다. 조사 대상지에서 출현한 식물상은 도시지역에서 35과 69종류, 농촌지역은 53과 142종류가 확인되었고, 평균은 도시지역 4개소는 18.5과 29.3종류, 농촌지역 4개소는 26.3과 53.5종류로 큰 차이로 분석되었다. 원인으로 농촌지역이 도시지역에 비해 일년생식물에서 차이를 거론할 수 있고 개선방안으로 일년생식물이 넓게 정착 할 수 있도록 토양 및 수질 등의 기반환경을 다양하게 조성 할 것을 제안하였다. 귀화식물은 도시지역과 농촌지역에서 큰 차이는 확인되지 않았지만 도시지역의 경우 출현한 식물 중 약 1/4이 귀화식물로 구성되었다. 또한 귀화율 평균이 17.4%로, 농촌지역 귀화율 평균인 7.7% 보다 큰 차이로 높게 분석되었으므로 생활형 분석결과와 마찬가지로 일년생식물이 높게 출현 할 수 있도록 다양한 서식환경 조성을 제시하였다. 또한 도시지역 습지의 기능 향상을 위해서는 습지조성에서부터 높은 가치로 평가 될 수 있도록 배치, 재료, 서식환경 등을 고려 할 것을 제시하였다. 이상의 연구결과는 도시지역의 생물다양성 증진 및 개선을 위해 큰 역할을 담당 할 수 있는 연못형습지의 조성, 개선, 창출 등에 활용되길 기대한다.

Urban areas are variously under threat including deterioration of ecological functions. Many pond wetland types have been created as part of an effort to improve and restore this urban environment. This study was arranged to examine improvement plans of wetlands in urban areas by analyzing semi-natural wetlands in farm areas. As for environment for water quality, it suggested the inflow of natural water neighboring rivers or the direct inflow of rain as the improvement plans. The result which analyzed soil pH, OM, and T-N content of the soil environment mentioned that urban areas supplied artificial sluices, removed apoptotic bodies, and used artificial soil and waterproofing materials and use of natural materials in design and construction, the sluice state of the natural form, and negligence of autumn plants were suggested as the improvement plans. Florae appeared in the subject sites of the study have found that there are 35 families 69 species in urban areas and 53 families 142 species in rural areas. As the average has found that there are 18.5 families 29.3 species in 4 urban areas and 26.3 families 53.5 species in 4 rural areas, the big difference between them was analyzed. As the cause has found that there are differences in yearly plants in farming areas when compared to urban areas, creation of various basic environments including soil and water quality was suggested to make yearly plants settle down widely. Naturalized plants have found that there are no big differences between urban areas and rural areas. However, the average of the naturalized ratio in urban areas is 17.4% as the naturalized plants are about 1/4 of the appeared plants. As it was analyzed to be higher than 7.7%, the average of the naturalized ratio in farming areas as the big difference, creation of various inhabiting environments was suggested to make more yearly plants appear like the analyzed result of the life type. Consideration of placement, materials, and inhabiting environments was suggested to make creation of wetlands well appreciated to improve functions of wetlands in urban areas. It is expected that the above results of the study will be utilized in creation and improvement of the pond wetlands which can play a huge role in increase and improvement of biological diversity in urban areas.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Bae, JJ, Chu, YS and Song, SD (2003). The Patterns of Inorganic Cations, Nitrogen and Phosphorus of Plants in Moojechi Moor on Mt. Jeongjok. J. of Korean society of environment and ecology, 26(3). pp. 109-114. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2003.26.3.109
  2. Barbier EB, Acreman M and Knowler D (1997). Economic Valuation of Wetlands. Gland, Switz.: Ramsar Conv. Bur.
  3. Bergstedt, J. 1992. Handbuch Angewandter Biotopschutz. Okologische und rechtliche Grundlagen, Merkblatter und Arbeitshilfen fur die Praxis (1 Ordner mit Loseblatt-Sammlung). Landsberg (Ecomed).
  4. Cho, US (2007). A study classifying type and assessing the function on riverine wetland : In the case of Kyoungan river, Master's Thesis, Sang Myung University, Cheonan-si, Korea. [Korean Literature]
  5. Cylinder, P.D., Bogdan, K. M., Davis, E. M., and Herson, A. I (1995). Wetlands Regulation; A Complete Guide to Federal and California Programs, Solano Press Books Point Arena, California.
  6. Cho, DG (2004). Study on the ecological planting design model for restoration and creation of palustrine wethlands : focusing on biodiversity promotion. Ph.D. Dissertation, Seoul National University, Seoul-si, Korea. [Korean Literature]
  7. Kang, BH, Son, JK, LEE, SH and Kim, NC (2009). The Vegetation Characteristics of Small Palustrine Wetland in Rural Area. J. of the Korea Society of Environmental Restoration Technology, 12(3), pp.33-48. [Korean Literature].
  8. Kang, EO, Choi, YE and Kim, CH (2012). Study on function and vegetational assessment values of manmade Wetland in Gunsan City, J. of the Environmental Sciences, 21(8), pp. 997-1007. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.5322/JES.2012.21.8.997
  9. Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture(KILA) (2007). Landscape Design for standard : Chemical properties Evaluation index and evaluation standard of the soil.
  10. Kim, CH, Choi, YE, Kim, JW, Myong, H and Lee, SI (2011). 3-year Change of Vegetation and Life Form at the Man-made Wetland in Sinpyencheon City. J. of Korean society of environment and ecology, 25(1), pp. 057-064. [Korean Literature].
  11. Kim, KG and Cho, DG (2004). Ecological Restoration of Natural Environment. Academic books. [Korean Literature]
  12. Kim, HK (1999). Study on the criteria of planting substrate for hydrophytes in creating man-made wet-land. Master's Thesis,, Seoul National University, Seoul-si, Korea. [Korean Literature]
  13. Kong, MJ, Lee, BM, Kim, NC and Son, JK (2014). The Analysis of Function and Factors for the Value Assessment of Ecosystem Service at Rice Paddy Wetland. J. of Korean Wetlands Society, 16(2), pp. 253-261. [Korean Literature]
  14. Koo, BH and Kim, KG (2001). A study on the assessment for the function of inland wetlands using RAM(Rapid Assessment Method). J. of the Korean Environmental Restoration Technology, 4(3), pp. 38-48. [Korean Literature]
  15. Koo, BH (2009). Wetland Ecology, Landscape Book Publisher [Korean Literature].
  16. Lee, CB (2014). Coloured flora of Korea. Hyngmunsa. [Korean Literature].
  17. Lee, JY, Kang, DS and Sung, KJ (2010). Assessment of the wetland soil development in constructed Wetlands using the soil properties of a reference wetland, J. of Korean Wetlands Society, 12(1), pp. 1-14. [Korean Literature].
  18. Lee, YM, Park, SH, Jung, SY, Oh, SH and Yang JC (2011). Study on the current status of naturalized plants in South Korea. Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 41(1), pp. 87-101. [Korean Literature].
  19. Lee, YN (2006). New flora of Korea. Gyohaksa. [Korean Literature].
  20. Lim, DO, Ryu, YM and Hwang, IC (2004). An Analysis of the Environmental Index and the Distribution of Naturalized Plants in Large Rivers of Downtown Gwangju Metropolitan City. J. of Korean society of environment and ecology, 18(3), pp. 288-296.
  21. Middleton, B (1999). Wetland Restoration, Flood Pulsing, and Disturbance Dynamics, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  22. Mitsch, WJ and Gosselink, JG (1993). Wetland(Second Edition), John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
  23. Miller, H. G. and R. L. Donahue (1990). Soils. An introduction to soils and plant growth. Prentice-Hall, N. J.
  24. Ministry of Environment(MOE) (2013a). Official testing method with respect to water pollution process. [Korean Literature].
  25. Ministry of Environment(MOE) (2013b). Framework Act on Environmental Policy. [Korean Literature].
  26. National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology (NIAST) (2000). Analysis method of Soil and plant body. National institute of Agricultural Science and Technology. Suwon, Korea.
  27. Numata, M (1996). Landscape Ecology. Asakura Shoten. [Japanese Literature]
  28. Oh, CH, Kim, HS, and Kim, YH (2006). Distribution Characteristics of Naturalized plants According to Characteristics of Land-Use in Rural village of korea. Proceedings of the 2006 Conference of Korean society of environment and ecology. J. of Korean society of environment and ecology.
  29. Oh, CH, Choi, IK, Lee, EH and Lim, DO (2010). Distribution Pattern of the Naturalized Plants in the Biotope Types in the Jeonju Area. J. of Korean society of environment and ecology, 24(1), pp. 037-045.
  30. Ramsar Convention Secretariat (2014). Ramsar Convention Manual.
  31. Raunkiær, C (1934). The life forms plants and statistical plant geography, Clarendon Press. Oxford.
  32. Rural Development Administration(RDA) (2008). National Agricultural R&D Projects.
  33. Seoul city (2012). Seoul Report : Environment of Seoul.
  34. Son, JK (2009). A Study on Growth Environment and Vegetation Characteristic of Small Palustrine Wetland in Rural Areas. Master's Thesis, DanKook University, Cheonan-si, Korea. [Korean Literature]
  35. Son, JK, Kim, NC and Kang, BH (2010) The Type Classification and Function Assessment at Small Palustrine Wetland in Rural Area. J. of Korea Society of Environmental Restoration Technology. 13(6) pp. 117-131. [Korean Literature].
  36. Son, JK (2013). The study on the environment factors affecting biodiversity at pond wetland in rural area. Ph.D. Dissertation, DanKook University, Cheonan-si, Korea. [Korean Literature]
  37. Son, JK, Shin, MJ, Shin, JH, Kang, DH and Kang, BH (2014). The Functional Selection for the Assessment of Ecosystem Service at Pond Wetland in Agricultural Landscape. J. of Korean Wetlands Society, 16(4), pp. 319-325. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.17663/JWR.2014.16.4.319
  38. Tilton, DL, Karen, S, Brian, B and William, T (2001). A wetland protection plan for the lower one subwatershed of the rouge river, Aquatic Botany, 28 pp. 227-242.
  39. Yim, YJ and Jeon, ES (1980). Distribution of Naturalized Plants in the Korean Peninsula. J. of Korean Botany, 23(3-4). pp. 69-83. [Korean Literature].
  40. Yun, KS (2007). Soil and Vegetation Characteristics of Abandoned Paddy Field. J. of Korean Association of Regional Geographers, 13(2), pp. 129-142. [Korean Literature].

피인용 문헌

  1. A study on selection of Butterfly and Plant Species for Butterfly Gardening vol.21, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.7851/ksrp.2015.21.4.001
  2. The Analysis of Vegetation Characteristics According to Revetment Structure at Rural Small Streams vol.17, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.17663/JWR.2015.17.4.359
  3. The Comparative Studies on the Terrestrial Insect Diversity in Protected Horticulture Complex and Paddy Wetland vol.18, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.17663/JWR.2016.18.4.386
  4. The Change Analysis of Plant Diversity in Protected Horticulture of Agricultural Ecosystems vol.18, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.17663/JWR.2016.18.2.173