Journal of Environmental Science International (한국환경과학회지)

The Korean Environmental Sciences Society (한국환경과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effects of a Pilates Exercise Program using Self-Efficacy Sources in Elderly Women

여성노인의 자기효능자원을 이용한 필라테스 운동프로그램의 효과

  • 이춘지 (대구과학대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 최연희 (경북대학교 간호대학)
  • Received : 2014.11.03
  • Accepted : 2014.12.03
  • Published : 2015.01.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: In this study a pilates exercise program using self-efficacy sources was provided for women 65 years of age or older and the effects on physical fitness, body composition, depression, self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life were tested. Methods: A quasi-experimental study employing a nonequivalent control group, pre-post design was conducted. The subjects consisted of 30 older women in the experiment group and 30 in the comparison group. The intervention was conducted twice a week for a period of 12 weeks. During this period, the pilates exercise program using self-efficacy sources (health education, phone coaching, mentoring, checking homework, recreation) were provided in the experiment group and pilates exercise program were offered in the comparison group. Chi-square test, independent t-test, ANCOVA were used for data analysis. Results: Following completion of the program, upper muscle strength (F=4.131, p=.047), low muscle strength (F=5.558, p=.022), upper flexibility (F=5.252, p=.026), static balance (F=5.957, p=.018), dynamic body balance & agility(F=18.971, p<.001), endurance(F=10.058, p=.002), muscle mass (F=5.748, p=.020), depression (F=4.493, p=.038), Self-efficacy (F=33.853, p<.001), and Health-related quality of life(F=5.586, p=.022) were significantly better in the experimental group. Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate that the pilates exercise program using self-efficacy sources are effective in enhancing physical fitness, body composition, self-efficacy and health-related quality of life and in decreasing depression for female elders and could therefore be regarded as positive program for promotion of physical and mental health for older women.

Keywords

References

  1. American College of Sports Medicine, 2000, ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription, 6th ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD.
  2. Bandura, A., 1977, Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change, Psychological Review, 84(2), 191. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191
  3. Bandura, A., 1997, Self-efficacy: The exercise of control, Freeman & Co., New York.
  4. EuroQol Group, 1990, EuroQol--a new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life, Health Policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 16(3), 199-208. https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-8510(90)90421-9
  5. Evans, W., & Rosenberg, I. H., 1995, Biomarkers: The 10 determinants of aging you can control, Simon & Schuster, New York.
  6. Gutierrez, G. M., Chow, J. W., Tillman, M. D., McCoy, S. C., Castellano, V., White, L. J., 2005, Resistance training improves gait kinematics in persons with multiple sclerosis, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 86(9), 1824-1829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2005.04.008
  7. Hill, K., Schwarz, J., 2004, Assessment and management of falls in older people, Internal Medicine Journal, 34(910), 557-564. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-5994.2004.00668.x
  8. Han, K. S., 2006, The Effect of Exercise Program for Physical Fitness, Mental Health and Cognitive Function in The Elderly, Ph. D. dissertation, Sangmyung University, Seoul.
  9. Han, Y. S., Choi, J. H., 2008, Effects of recreation combined exercise program on physical strength for elderly women, Journal of the Korean Gerontological Society, 28(4), 941-952.
  10. Jang, H. J., Kim, J. Y., 2006, The effect of self-efficacy promoting pulmonary rehabilitation program in out-patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, 61, 533-546. https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2006.61.6.533
  11. Jang, J. E., 2012, Effects of pilates mat exercise on body composition, basic physical, lumbar muscle strength, and vascular flexibility of elderly women, master's thesis, Dongshin University, Naju.
  12. Jung, T. W., An, G. Y., Lee, J. W., 2011, Effects of pilates with foam roller on body composition, senior fitness, and hip joint ROM in rural elderly women, The Korean Journal of Growth and Development, 19(2), 160-170.
  13. Kang, J. S., Park, W. Y., 2008, Effect of 24-week complex exercise program on fitness and proprioceptive function in the elderly women, Health & Sports Medicine; Official Journal of the Korean Association of Certifited Exercise Professionals, 10(2), 1-9.
  14. Kang, S. J., Kim, Y. H., 2011, The effect of individual, social, and physical environment variables on older adults' physical activity, Korean Journal of Sports Psychology, 22(3), 113-124.
  15. Kee, B. S., 1996, A preliminary study for the standardization of geriatric depression scale short form Korea version, Journal of Korean Neuropsychiatric Association. 35, 298-307.
  16. Kim, D. H., 2008, Effects that exercise programs influence psychological function: Meta Analysis, The Korea Journal of Sports Science, 17(4), 339-352.
  17. Kim, D. H., 2009, Effects that exercise programs influence physical function Meta Analysis, The Korea Journal of Sports Science, 18(2), 239-255.
  18. Kim, H. R., Oh, K. S., Oh, K. O., Lee, S. O., Lee, S. J., Kim, J. A., 2008, Quality of life in low income Korean aged, Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 38, 694-703. https://doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2008.38.5.694
  19. Kim, H. J., Hwang, H. H., Shin, H. S., Paik, H. Y., Choi, Y. J., 2010, 7080 Gold pilates for Healthy life, Achim PoogKyong Co., Ltd, Seoul.
  20. Kim, N. S., Kim, S. J., Park, T. H., Moon, H. J., Kim, J. A., Lee, J. E., 2009, The effects of therapeutic recreational exercise program on cognition and health-related quality of life in elderly women, Journal of Korean Society of Sports Physical Therapy, 5(1), 11-18.
  21. Kim, S. Y., 2005, The effect of pilates mat exercise of middle-aged womens' physical strength and composition, master's thesis, Daejeon University, Daejeon.
  22. Korea Institute of Sports Science, 2013, 2012 National health survey, Korea Institute of Sports Science, Korea Sports Promotion Foundation, Seoul.
  23. Lee, H. S., Kim, H., 2008, The influences of the gym-ball exercise program on the health fitness strength and life quality of the old female, The Korean Journal of Sports Science, 17(2), 915-927.
  24. Lee, K. H., 2006, The effect of pilates mat exercise in 8 weeks on middle-aged womens' body composition, lumbar muscle and flexibility, Ph. D. dissertation, Daejeon University, Daejeon.
  25. Lee, S. B., 2003, The effects of the exercise programs in the welfare institution on the participants' aging, physical fitness and quality of life, Ph. D. dissertation, Yonsei University, Seoul.
  26. Lee, S. S., 2008, The effect of exercise therapy applied in an efficacy expectation promoting program on self-efficacy, self-care behavior and HbA1C for elderly people with diabetes, Journal of Korean Sports Research, 19(4), 205-216.
  27. McCartney, N., Hicks, A. L., Martin, J., Webber, C., 1996, A longitudinal trial of weight training in the elderly:Continued improvements in year 2. Journal of Gerontology, 51(6), 425-433.
  28. Mikesky, A. E., Topp, R., Wigglesworth, J. K., Harsha, D. M., Edwards, J. E., 1994, Efficacy of a home-based training program for older adults using elastic tubing, European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 69(4), 316-320. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00392037
  29. Ministry of Health and Welfare, 2013, 2012 National Health Statistics. The fifth Korea national health and nutrition examination survey 3rd year, Division of Health Policy, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Seoul.
  30. Nam, H. S., Kim, K. Y., Kwon, S. S., Koh, K. W., Kind, P., 2007, Research Report for estimated weight for Quality of Life Survey(EQ-5D), Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon.
  31. National Statistic Organization Office, 2010, Korean statistical information service, 2013, http://kosis.kr/statisticsList/statisticsList_01List.jsp?vwcd=MT_ZTITLE&parentId=A
  32. Park, E. J., 2012, Effects of fall prevention program on physical function, fall-efficacy and depression in the elderly, Ph. D. dissertation, Chonnam University, Gwang Ju.
  33. Park, J. Y., 2008 Devices for preventive program of geriatric disease. Health Insurance Forum. Fall, 3-20.
  34. Park, Y. J., Park, I. H., 2008, The effects of tai chi exercise in elderly women, Journal of Muscle Joint Health, 15(2), 119-129.
  35. Rikli, R. E., Jones, C. J., 2005, Senior fitness manual, (Kim, H. S., & Park, O. Y. Trans), Daehan Media Co. (Original work published 2001), Seoul.
  36. Sheikh, J. I., Yesavage, J. A., 1986, Geriatric depression scale (GDS): Recent evidence and development of a shorter version. in T. L. brink, clinical gerontology: A guide to assessment and intervention, The Harwoth Press, New York, 165-173.
  37. So, A,. Lee, K. S., Choi, J. S., Lee, E. H., 2010, The effect of a tai chi exercise program for patients with arthritis in rural areas, Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing, 21(1), 118-127. https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2010.21.1.118
  38. Son, J. U., Lee, J. H., 2006, The effects of the walking exercise on phsiological index, physical fitness, self esteem, depression and life satisfaction in the institutionalized elderly women, Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing, 17(1), 5-16.
  39. Song, M. S., 2010, Effects of recreation combined exercise program in body composition, physical fitness and depression in elderly, Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Nursing Science, 12, 157-165.
  40. Yun, M. J., Byon, J. Y., Kim, H. J., Kim, K. J., 2011, Effects of 12-week pilates and complex exercise on female farm workers of cumulative trauma disorders. The Journal of Korean Academy of Kinesiology, 13(3), 13-22.
  41. White, J. L., Randsdell, L. B., Vener, J., Flohr, J. A., 2005, Factors related to physical activity adherence in women: Review and suggestions for future research, Women & Health, 41(4), 123-148. https://doi.org/10.1300/J013v41n04_07