DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Nest Characteristics of the Chinese Egret (Egretta europhotes) in South Korea

한국에서 번식하는 노랑부리백로 Egretta europhotes의 둥지 특성

  • Kang, Jung-Hoon (National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage, Cultural Heritage Administration) ;
  • Kim, In-Kyu (Korea Institute of Environmental Ecology) ;
  • Lee, Hansoo (Korea Institute of Environmental Ecology) ;
  • Kim, Dal-Ho (Korea Institute of Environmental Ecology) ;
  • Rhim, Shin-Jae (School of Bioresource and Bioscience, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Lee, Joon-Woo (Dept. of Environment & Forest Resources, Chungnam National Univ.)
  • Received : 2015.09.23
  • Accepted : 2015.11.28
  • Published : 2015.12.31

Abstract

This study was aimed to identify the characteristics of nest and breeding site conditions of Chinese Egret (Egretta europhotes) that breed in the uninhabited islets of the western coast of South Korea. It is expected that the information collected through this study can contribute to providing basic information required when building and managing artificial nests in their natural breeding habitats. Chinese Egrets make their nests in the shrub layers of Long Leaf Elaeagnus (Elaeagnus macrophylla), Arrow Bamboo (Pseudosasa japonica), and Baby Brier (Rosa multiflora). A total of 50 breeding nests of Chinese Egret were investigated in June and July 2013, with area-wise distribution as follows: Seomando (11 nests), Hwangseodo (14 nests), Mokdo (10 nests), and Napdaekiseom (15 nests). Vegetation coverage (cover, %), height from the ground to the top (height, cm), thickness from top to bottom of the nest (thickness, cm), reuse period, major axis (cm), minor axis (cm), and depth (cm) of each nest were measured. According to the results of the study on the nest characteristics of 4 breeding groups, the nests in Hwangseodo had the highest coverage, the nests in Mokdo were built in the highest places, the nests in Napdaekiseom showed the longest reuse period, and the nests in Mokdo had the greatest depth. The differences in height and reuse period were significant between Mokdo and Napdaekiseom. Moreover, there were significant differences in reuse period and depth between Seomando and Hwangseodo. There were significant differences in cover, minor axis, and depth between breeding groups that built nests on Arrow Bamboo (Mokdo and Napdaekiseom) and Baby Brier (Seomando and Hwangseodo). Nest characteristics of Chinese Egret were generally similar, while some variables showed different values for different breeding groups.

본 연구는 한국 서해안 무인도에서 번식하는 노랑부리백로의 주요 번식지에서 번식지 환경에 따른 둥지 특성의 차이점을 파악하고 비교 분석하여, 향후 이들의 자연번식지에 둥지 터 조성 및 관리방안을 마련하는 데 필요한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 수행되었다. 연구는 2013년 6월과 7월에 번식지환경이 서로 유사한 서만도(11개 둥지)와 황서도(14개 둥지), 목도(10개 둥지)와 납대기섬(15개 둥지)의 4개 섬에서, 산란된 알이 있는 총 50개의 둥지를 대상으로 하였다. 연구결과 4개 번식 집단의 둥지 특성은 황서도의 은폐도가 가장 높았고, 둥지 높이는 목도가 가장 높았으며, 재사용 기간은 납대기섬, 둥지 깊이는 목도가 가장 깊었다. 유사한 번식환경인 이대 군락에서 번식하는 목도와 납대기섬의 두 번식 집단 간의 둥지 특성은 높이와 재사용 기간의 2개 항목에서 유의한 차이가 있었다. 또한 찔레꽃 군락에서 번식하는 서만도와 황서도의 두 번식 집단 간의 둥지 특성은 재사용 기간, 둥지 깊이의 2개 항목에서 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 이대 군락에서 번식하는 집단(목도, 납대기섬)과 찔레꽃 군락에서 번식하는 집단(서만도, 황서도) 간의 둥지 특성을 분석한 결과 은폐도, 둥지 단경, 둥지 깊이의 3개 항목에서 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 결과적으로 한국에서 번식하는 노랑부리백로의 경우 유사한 번식지 환경에서도 일부 둥지 특성에서 차이가 나타났으며, 이대 군락과 찔레꽃 군락의 서로 다른 번식지 환경에서는 은폐도, 둥지 단경, 둥지 깊이의 3개 항목에서 차이가 나타났다. 따라서 향후 노랑부리백로의 자연번식지에 둥지 터를 조성하거나 번식지 관리방안 수립 시 은폐도, 둥지 터 식물의 수종 등을 고려하여 조성하는 방안이 필요하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Cultural Heritage Adminstration(CHA)(2005) Announcement of Cultural Heritage Adminstration. No. 2005-14. (in Korean)
  2. Cultural Heritage Administration(CHA)(2006). Monitoring of Natural Monument. Cultural Heritage Administration. 124pp. (in Korean)
  3. Cultural Heritage Administration(CHA)(2010). The study of breeding ecology and population genetics approaches for conservation strategy establishment of the endangered species, Chinese Egret (Egretta eulophotes) in the Republic of Korea. Cultural Heritage Administration. 176pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
  4. Cultural Heritage Administration(CHA)(2011). Study on the Natural Monument (animals) habitats survey and efficient management plan prepared. Cultural Heritage Administration. 119pp. (in Korean)
  5. Hwang, B.Y.(2011) The study of breeding ecology and population genetics in the endangered species, Chinese Egret (Egretta eulophotes). Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. of KyungHee, Seoul, 224pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
  6. IUCN (2014) IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: http://www.iucnredlist.org
  7. Kang, J.H., I. K. Kim, S.H. Yoo, T.H Kang, W.K. Paek(2008) Current status and distribution of the Natural Monument bird bpecies in Korea. The Korean Journal of Ornithology 15(1): 73-84. (in Korean with English abstract)
  8. Kang, J.H., I. K. Kim, H. Lee and S.J. Rhim(2013) Distribution and breeding status of Chinese Egret Egretta eulophotes in South Korea. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 12(5): 618-620.
  9. Kim, S.H.(2006) A study on the breeding ecology of endangered Chinese Egret (Egretta eulophotes) in Chilsan Islands. Master Thesis, Univ. of Honam, Gwangju, 36pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
  10. Liang, B., S.Chen, Z.Wang(2007) Nest selection of Chinese egret (Egretta eulophotes) in Wuahishan Archipelago, Zhejiang. Biodiversity Science 15(1): 92-96. https://doi.org/10.1360/biodiv.060118
  11. Litvineko, N.M and Y.V. Shibaev(2000) Importance of Furugelm Island in the Sea of Japan for wetland birds: the first record of a breeding colony of the Chinese egret Egretta eulophotes. Oryx 34(4): 335-337. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605300031392
  12. Ministry of Environment(MOE)(2012) Announcement of Ministry of Environment. No. 457. (in Korean)
  13. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage(NRICH)(2008). Study on the Natural Monument uninhabited islands assessment and protection and management. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage. 155pp. (in Korean)
  14. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage(NRICH)(2013). Study on the breeding status of Black-faced Spoonbill and Chinese Egret. National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage. 188pp. (in Korean with English abstract)
  15. Won B.O.(1988) New breeding site (Sindo) of Chinese Egret Egretta eulophotes (Swinhoe). Nature Conservation 61: 25-28. (in Korean)
  16. Zhou, X., W. Fang, X. Chen(2010) Mitochondrial DNA diversity of the vulnerable Chinese Egret (Egretta eulophotes) from China. Journal of Ornithology 151: 409-414. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-009-0470-7