Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회논문지)

The Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society (한국산학기술학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Decision of Image Harmfulness Using an Artificial Neural Network

인공 신경망을 이용한 영상의 유해성 결정

  • 장석우 (안양대학교 디지털미디어학과) ;
  • 박영재 (숭실대학교 소프트웨어학부) ;
  • 변시우 (안양대학교 디지털미디어학과)
  • Received : 2015.07.22
  • Accepted : 2015.10.08
  • Published : 2015.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Various types of multimedia contents have been widely spread and distributed with the Internet that is easy to use. Meanwhile, Multimedia contents can bright a social problem because juveniles can access such harmful contents easily through the Internet. This paper proposes a method to determine if an input image is harmful or not, using an neural network. The proposed method first detects a face region from an input image through MCT features. The method then extracts skin color regions using color features and obtains candidate nipple areas from the extracted skin regions. Subsequently, we determine if the input image is harmful, by filtering out non-nipple regions using the artificial neural network. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively determine the harmfulness of input images.

언제 어디서나 사용하기 편리한 인터넷을 통해서 다양한 종류의 멀티미디어 콘텐츠가 자유롭게 유통되고 있는 반면, 어린이나 청소년에게 유해할 수 있는 영상 콘텐츠도 쉽게 얻을 수 있는 환경이 마련되어서 사회적으로 문제가 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 인공 신경망을 이용하여 입력 영상의 유해성 유무를 자동으로 결정하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문에서 제안된 방법에서는 먼저 입력 영상으로부터 MCT 특징을 기반으로 사람의 얼굴 영역을 검출한다. 그런 다음, 색상 특징을 활용하여 피부 색상 영역을 찾고, 유두의 후보 영역들을 추출한다. 마지막으로 계층적인 인공 신경망을 활용하여 유두의 후보 영역들 중에서 실제적인 유두 영역만을 필터링함으로써 입력 영상의 유해성 유무를 확인한다. 본 논문의 실험결과에서는 인공 신경망을 이용한 제안된 방법이 입력되는 영상에서 유두 영역을 보다 강건하게 검출함으로써 영상의 유해 정도를 효과적으로 결정한다는 것을 보여준다.

Keywords

References

  1. G.-T. Zhou, K. M. Ting, F. T. Liu, and Y. Yin, "Relevance Feature Mapping for Content-based Multimedia Information Retrieval", Pattern Recognition, Vol. 45, No. 4, pp. 1707-1720, April 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patcog.2011.09.016
  2. V. M. T. Ochoa, S. Y. Yayilgan, and F. A. Cheikh, "Adult Video Content Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques", In Proc. of the International Conference on Signal Image Technology and Internet Based Systems (SITIS'12), Naples, Italia, pp. 967-974, November 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sitis.2012.143
  3. S.-W. Jang, Y.-J. Park, G.-Y. Kim, H.-I. Choi, M.-C. Hong, "An Adult Image Identification System Based on Robust Skin Segmentation", Journal of Imaging Science and Technology, Vol. 55. No. 2, pp. 020508-1-10, March 2011. https://doi.org/10.2352/J.ImagingSci.Technol.2011.55.2.020508
  4. J.-L. Shih, C.-H. Lee, and C.-S. Yang, "An Adult Images Identification System Employing Image Retrieval Technique", Pattern Recognition Letters, Vol. 28, No. 16, pp. 2367-2374, December 2007. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2007.08.002
  5. Q.-F. Zheng, W. Zeng, G. Wen, and W.-Q. Wang, "Shape-based Adult Images Detection", In Proc. of the IEEE Symposium on Multi-Agent Security and Survivability, pp. 150-153, December 2004. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICIG.2004.128
  6. Y.-J. Park, S.-H. Weon, J.-K. Sung, H.-I. Choi, and G.-Y. Kim, "Identification of Adult Images through Detection of the Breast Contour and Nipple", Information-An International Interdisciplinary Journal, Vol. 15, No. 7, pp. 2643-2652, July 2012.
  7. M.-J. Tsai and H.-S. Chang, "The Design of a Hybrid Feature Detector for Adult Image", In Proc. of the IEEE Seventh International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC'13), Irvine, CA, pp. 389-390, September 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsc.2013.73
  8. B. Froba and A. Ernst, "Face Detection with the Modified Census Transform", In Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, pp. 91-96, May 2004. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/AFGR.2004.1301514
  9. R.-L. Hsu, M. Abdel-Mottaleb, and A. K. Jain, "Face Detection in Color Images", IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 696-706, May 2002. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/34.1000242
  10. S.-W. Jang, Y.-J. Park, and G.-Y. Kim, "Detection of Harmful Images Based on Color and Geometrical Features", Journal of Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, Vol. 14, No. 11, pp. 5834-5840, November 2013. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2013.14.11.5834
  11. Y.-H. Lee, D.-H. Kim, and H.-S. Ko, "License Plate Detection with Improved Adaboost Learning Based on Newton's Optimization and MCT", Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information, Vol. 17, No. 12, pp. 71-82, December 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9708/jksci/2012.17.12.071
  12. H.-K. Yang, "User Authentication Scheme based on Security-enhanced Biometric Information for C/S System", The Journal of The Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication (IIBC), Vol. 15, No. 4, pp.43-53, Aug. 31, 2015 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7236/JIIBC.2015.15.4.43
  13. J.-H. Jun, M.-S. Jung, Y.-S. Jang, "Cheol-Woong Ahn,Sung-Ho Kim, Harmful Image Detection Method Using Skin and Non-Skin Features", The Journal of The Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication (IIBC), Vol. 15, No. 4, pp.55-61, Aug. 31, 2015 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7236/JIIBC.2015.15.4.55
  14. D.-H. Lee, M.-M. Kang, Y.-K. Kim, S.-D. Lee, "Sign Language recognition Using Sequential Ram-based Cumulative Neural Networks", The Journal of The Institute of Webcasting, Internet Television and Telecommunication, VOL. 9 No. 5, pp. 205-211, 2009.
  15. S-C. Lim, G.-W. Jin, "Alternative tactile sensor for measuring rehabilitation study using to neural network", The Journal of The Institute of Web casting, Internet and Telecommunication, VOL. 12 No. 4, pp. 23-29, 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7236/JIWIT.2012.12.4.23
  16. S.-M. Park, M.-M. Kang, S.-H. Eom "A Study on Handwritten Digit Categorization of RAM-based Neural Network", The Journal of The Institute of Webcasting, Internet and Telecommunication VOL. 12 No. 3 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7236/JIWIT.2012.12.3.201
  17. J.-W. S., T.-K. An, M.-H. Kim, Y.-S. Hong, "Measurement of the Crowd Density in Outdoor Using Neural Network", The Journal of The Institute of Webcasting, Internet and Telecommunication, VOL. 12 No. 2, pp. 103-110, 2012. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7236/JIWIT.2012.12.2.103
  18. I.-K. Park, "A Study on the Prediction of the Nonlinear Chaotic Time Series, Using Genetic Algorithm based Fuzzy Neural Network", The Journal of The Institute of Webcasting, Internet and Telecommunication, VOL. 11 No. 4, pp. 91-97. 2011.
  19. Gil-Jin Jang, Ahra Jo, Jeong-Sik Park, Yong-Ho Seo, "Video-based Facial Emotion Recognition using Active Shape Models and Statistical Pattern Recognizers", The Journal of The Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication (IIBC), Vol. 14, No. 3, pp.139-146, Jun. 30, 2014. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7236/JIIBC.2014.14.3.139
  20. Phill-Kyu Rhee, YongZhe Xu, Hak-Chul Shin, ShenYan, "Local Context based Feature Extraction for Efficient Face Detection", The Journal of The Institute of Webcasting, Internet and Telecommunication, VOL. 11 No. 1, pp. 185-191, 2011.
  21. Han-Soo Cho, "Face Detection based on Pupil Color Distribution Maps with the Frequency under the Illumination Variance", The Journal of The Institute of Webcasting, Internet Television and Telecommunication, VOL. 9 No. 5, pp. 225-232, 2009.
  22. In-Kue Park, Bo-Hyeok Ahn, Gyoo-Seok Choi, "An Edge Detection for Face Feature Extraction using ${\lambda}$-Fuzzy Measure", The Journal of The Institute of Webcasting, Internet Television and Telecommunication, VOL. 9 No. 4pp. 75-79, 2009.
  23. In-Kyu Park, Bo-Huck Ahn, Gyoo-Seok Choi, "Defecfion of Face Feafures using Extended Valley Energy", The Journal of The Institute of Webcasting, Internet Television and Telecommunication, VOL. 9 No. 3, pp. 187-192, 2009.
  24. In-Kyu Park, Bo-Hyuk Ahn, Gyoo-Seok Choi, "A Study on Feature Extraction of Morphological Shape Decomposition for Face Verification", The Journal of The Institute of Webcasting, Internet Television and Telecommunication, VOL. 9 No. 2pp. 7-12, 2009
  25. Won-Jun Lee, "An Empirical Approach to Evaluate College Image Perception", Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology, Vol.5 No.1, pp. 57-66, Feb. 2015. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/AJMAHS.2015.02.08