Composites Research

The Korean Society for Composite Materials (한국복합재료학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

High Temperature Thermo-mechanical Properties of HfC Reinforced Tungsten Matrix Composites

  • Umer, Malik Adeel (School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Dong Ju (Division of Nuclear Materials Development, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) ;
  • Ryu, Ho Jin (Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Hong, Soon Hyung (Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
  • Received : 2015.09.24
  • Accepted : 2015.12.16
  • Published : 2015.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In order to improve the mechanical properties of tungsten at room and elevated temperature, hafnium carbide (HfC) reinforced tungsten matrix composites were prepared using the spark plasma sintering technique. The effect of HfC content on the compressive strength and flexural strength of the tungsten composites was investigated. Mechanical properties of the composites were also measured at elevated temperatures and their trends, with varying reinforcement volume fraction, were studied. The effect of reinforcement fraction on the thermal properties of the composites was investigated. The thermal conductivity and diffusivity of the composites decreased with increasing temperature and reinforcement volume fraction. An inherently low thermal conductivity of the reinforcement as well as interfacial losses was responsible for lower values of thermal conductivity of the composites. Values of coefficient of thermal expansion of the composites were observed to increase with HfC volume fraction.

Keywords

References

  1. Lee, J.M., Kim, J.H., and Kang, S.H., "Advanced W-HfC Cermet Using In-situ Powder and Spark Plasma Sintering", Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 552, 2013, pp. 14-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.09.116
  2. Zhang, S.C., Hilmas, G.E., and Fahrenholtz, W.G., "Zirconium Carbide-Tungsten Cermets Prepared by In Situ Reaction Sintering", Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol. 90, No.07, 2007, pp. 1930-1933. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01642.x
  3. ASM International Engineering Materials Handbook. ASM International, Metals Park, 1991.
  4. Yih, S.W.H. and Wang, C.T., Tungsten-Sources, Metallurgy, Properties and Applications, Plenum Press, New York, 1979.
  5. Lassner, E., and Schubert, W.D., Tungsten: Properties, Chemistry, Technology of the Element, Alloys, and Chemical Compounds, Plenum Publishers, New York, 1999.
  6. Opeka, M.M., Talmy, I.G., Wuchina, E.J., Zaykoski, J.A., and Causey, S.J., "Mechanical, Thermal and Oxidation Properties of Refractory Hafnium and Zirconium Compounds", Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol.19, No. 13-14, 1999, pp. 2405-2414. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-2219(99)00129-6
  7. Liu, M., and Cowley, J., "Hafnium Carbide Growth Behavior and Its Relationship To The Dispersion Hardening in Tungsten at High Temperatures", Materials Science and Engineering, Vol. 160, No. 2, 1993, pp. 159-167. https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-5093(93)90444-J
  8. Manning Jr, C.R. and Lineback, L.D., Development of High Temperature Materials for Solid Propellant Rocket Nozzle Applications, Technical Report, NASA, United States, 1974.
  9. El-Genk, M.S. and Tournier, J.M., "A Review of Refractory Metal Alloys and Mechanically Alloyed-Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Steels for Space Nuclear Power Systems", Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 340, No. 1, 2005, pp. 93-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2004.10.118
  10. Smid, I., Akiba, M., Vieider, G., and Plochl, L., "Development of Tungsten Armor and Bonding to Copper for Plasma-interactive Components", Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 2598-263, No. 1, 1998, pp. 160-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3115(98)00358-4
  11. Ozaki, Y. and Zee, R.H., "High Temperature Diffusion of Hafnium in Tungsten and a Tungsten-hafnium Carbide Alloy," Scripta Materialia, Vol. 30, No. 10, 1994, pp. 1263-1267. https://doi.org/10.1016/0956-716X(94)90256-9
  12. Lou, A., Jacobson, D.L., and Shin, K.S., "Tensile Properties of Tungsten-3.6% Rhenium-0.4% Hafnium Carbide above 0.5 Tm", Scripta Materialia, Vol. 23, No. 3, 1989, pp. 397-400.
  13. Lee, K.H., Cha, S.I., Ryu, H.J., Dilmore, M.F., and Hong, S.H., "Effect of Mechanical Alloying Process on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of ODS Tungsten Heavy Alloys", Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 434, 2007, pp. 433-436.
  14. Kim, Y., Lee, K.H., Kim, E.P., Cheong, D.I., and Hong, S.H., "Fabrication of High Temperature Oxides Dispersion Strengthened Tungsten Composites by Spark Plasma Sintering Process", International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, Vol. 27, No. 5, 2009, pp. 842-846. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2009.03.003
  15. Clyne, T.W. and Withers, P.J., An Introduction to Metal Matrix Composites, Cambridge University Press, New York, 1995.
  16. Teague, M.C., Hilmas, G.E., and Fahrenholtz, W.G., "Mechanical Properties of Reactively Processed W/Ta 2 C-based Composites," Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 30, No. 11, 2010, pp. 2197-2201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2010.02.006
  17. Song, G.M., Wang, Y.J., and Zhou, Y., "Elevated Temperature Ablation Resistance and Thermophysical Properties of Tungsten Matrix Composites Reinforced With ZrC Particles," Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 36, 2001, pp. 4625-4631. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017989913219
  18. Chen, Y., Wu, Y.C., Yu, F.W., and Chen, J.L., "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Tungsten Composites Co-Strengthened by Dispersed TiCand $La_2O_3$ Particles," International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, Vol. 26, No. 6, 2008, pp. 525-529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2007.12.004
  19. Rea, K.E., Viswanathan, V., Kruize, A., De Hosson, J.Th.M., O'Dell, S., McKechnie, T., Rajagopalan, S., Vaidyanathan, R., and Seal, S., "Structure and Property Evaluation of a Vacuum Plasma Sprayed Nanostructured Tungsten-Hafnium Carbide Bulk Composite", Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 477, No. 1-2, 2008, pp. 350-357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2007.05.063
  20. Klopp, W.D., Raffo, P.L., and Witzke, W.R., "Strengthening of Molybdenum and Tungsten Alloys With HfC", J. Metals Vol. 23, No. 6, 1971, pp. 27-38.
  21. Umer, M.A., Lee, D.J., Ryu, H.J., and Hong, S.H., "High Temperature Ablation Resistance of ZrNp Reinforced W Matrix Composites", International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, Vol. 42, 2014, pp. 17-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2013.10.001
  22. Lee, D.J., Umer, M.A., Ryu, H.J., and Hong, S.H., "Elevated Temperature Ablation Resistance of HfC Particle-reinforced Tungsten Composites", International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, Vol. 43, 2014, pp. 89-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2013.11.009
  23. Witzke, W.R., "The Effects of Composition on Mechanical Properties of W-4Re-Hf-C Alloys", Metallurgical Transactions, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1974, pp. 499-504. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02644120
  24. Song, G.M., Wang, Y.J., and Zhou, Y., "The Mechanical and Thermophysical Properties of ZrC/W Composites at Elevated Temperature", Materials Science and Engineering: A, Vol. 334, No. 1-2, 2002, pp. 223-232. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-5093(01)01802-0
  25. Smid, I., Akiba, M., Vieider, G., and Plochl, L., "Development of Tungsten Armor and Bonding to Copper for Plasma-interactive Components", Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 258, 1998, pp. 160-172.
  26. Eckert, E.R.G. and Drake, R.M., Heat and Mass Transfer, McGraw-Hill, Kogakusha, 1959.
  27. Lee, S.H., Kwon, S.Y., and Ham, H.J., "Thermal Conductivity of Tungsten-copper Composites", Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 542, 2012, pp. 2-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2012.03.022

Cited by

  1. Influences of HfC particles on microstructure, mechanical properties and ablation resistance at elevated temperature of Mo-15W-HfC alloys vol.67, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2017.05.001