DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Functional component analysis and physical property of Cheonnyuncho (Opuntia humifusa) powder

천년초 분말의 기능성분 분석과 물리적 특성 연구

  • Shin, Dong-Sun (Petitami R&D) ;
  • Han, Gwi-Jung (National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Adminstration) ;
  • Oh, Se-Gwan (National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Adminstration) ;
  • Park, Hye-Young (National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Adminstration)
  • Received : 2015.07.24
  • Accepted : 2015.11.11
  • Published : 2015.12.30

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to perform a functional components analysis and investigate the physical properties of powders made from the stems or fruit of freeze-dried Cheonnyuncho cactus (Opuntia humifusa). The functional components analysis showed that the stem and fruit powders han vitamin C levels of 42.14 mg and 105.21 mg, respectively. The stems powder contained more lutein than the fruit powder. The fruit powder contained more vitamin C than the stem powder. The SDF (soluble dietary fiber) and IDF (insoluble dietary fiber) in the stem powder were 45.24% and 22.15%, respectively, which were higher then the values for the fruit powder. The stem and fruit powders contained 19.30 mg/g and 25.10 mg/g of crude saponin, respectively. The pH of the stem and fruit powders was 5.34 and 5.07, respectively, both indicating low acidity. The L, a and b values of the stem powder color were 78.28, -3.71, and 19.19, respectively. The L, a and b values of the fruit powder color were 55.56, 24.84, and -3.18, respectively. The stems powder had a higher bulk density, water holding capacity, and swelling power than those of the fruit powder, but water-retaining capacity of the stem powder was lower than that of the fruit powder. In addition, the stems powder had a higher viscous material content and water uptake compared to the fruit powder. Based on the above results, we determined that Cheonnyuncho (Opuntia humifusa) powder had potentially useful functional components and physical properties.

본 연구에서는 천년초의 줄기와 열매를 동결 건조하여 분말화 한 후 기능성 성분으로 Vit. $B_1$, $B_2$, $B_3$, 루틴 및 베타카로틴 등의 비타민, 식이섬유, 조 사포닌을 분석하고, 물리적 특성으로 pH 및 색도, 보수력, 보유력, 팽윤력, 용적밀도, 점액물질 함량 및 수분흡수량을 조사하였다. 천년초 분말의 비타민을 측정한 결과 비타민 C(ascorbic acid)의 함량이 가장 많았으며 줄기가 42.14 mg, 열매가 105.21 mg으로 줄기의 약 2배 이상 더 높게 나타났다. Lutein의 함량은 줄기가 열매 보다 약 2.3배 정도 더 높게 나타났으며 ${\beta}$-carotene의 함량은 열매가 줄기보다 약 2.9배 정도 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 비타민 B의 경우 줄기와 열매의 함량이 각각 비타민 $B_1$(thiamin)는 0.16 mg 및 0.15 mg, 비타민 $B_2$(riboflavin)은 0.08 mg 및 0.12 mg으로 아주 적은양이 함유되어 있었으며 비타민 $B_3$(niacin)은 0.92 mg 및 1.01 mg으로 나타났다. 식이섬유는 줄기에서 수용성 식이섬유가 45.24%, 불용성 식이섬유가 22.15%로 열매보다 높게 나타났다. 조 사포닌은 줄기가 19.30 mg/g, 열매가 25.10 mg/g으로 나타났다. 물리적 특성의 pH는 줄기가 pH 5.34, 열매가 pH 5.07로 약산성이었고 보유력을 제외한 보수력, 용적밀도 및 팽윤력은 줄기가 높게 나타났으며 점질물질의 함량과 수분흡수량도 줄기가 열매보다 더 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과 보아 천년초에 함유되어 있는 비타민류, 식이섬유 등은 천연 기능성 소재로 이용 가능하며 물리적 특성을 잘 이용한다면 가공적성 및 제품의 기호성을 증진시키는데 유용한 식품소재가 될 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Cho Y, Choi MY (2009) Quality characteristics of jelly containing added pomegranate powder and Opuntia humifusa powder. Korean J Food Cookery Sci, 25, 134-142
  2. Lee DH (2011) The Effect of Opunita humifusa extract on the atopy skin condition. MS thesis. Seokyeong University, Seoul, Korea
  3. Choi JH (2010) Structural analysis and immuno-stimulating characteristics of Opuntia humifusa. MS thesis. Kyonggi University, Seoul, Korea
  4. Ha TY (2006) Development of functional food materials for healthy life. Korean J Crop Science, 51, 26-39
  5. Aguirre JJ, Toledo HG, Zugasti CA, Belmares CR, Aguilar CN (2013) The optimization of phenolic compounds extraction from cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) skin in a reflux system using response surface methodology. Asian Pacific J Tropical Biomedicine, 3, 436-442 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60093-3
  6. Jung BM, Shin MO (2011) Physiological activities of Opuntia humifusa peta. Korean J Food Cookery Sci, 27, 523-530 https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2011.27.5.523
  7. Kim YJ, Park CI, Kim SJ, Ahn EM (2014) Antioxidant and inflammatory mediators regulation effects of the roots of Opuntia humifusa. J Appl Biol Chem, 57, 1-5 https://doi.org/10.3839/jabc.2014.001
  8. Jung BM, Shin MO, Kim HR (2012) The effects of antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties of Opuntia humifusa stems. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 41, 20-25 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2012.41.1.020
  9. Seo YS, Shin KS (2012) Immune system-stimulating activities of mucilage polysaccharides isolated from Opuntia humifusa. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 41, 95-102 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2012.41.1.095
  10. Jung BM, Shin TS, Kim HR (2013) Quality characteristics during storage of rice makgeolli added with Cheonnyuncho fermentative extract. Korean J Food Cookery Sci, 29, 679-690 https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2013.29.6.679
  11. Jung BM, Kim DS, Joo NM (2012) Quality characteristics and optimization of cookies prepared with Opuntia humifusa powder using response surface methodology. Korean J Food Cookery Sci, 29, 1-10
  12. Kim KT, Lee KS, Rho YH, Lee KY (2014) Quality characteristics of noodles made from domestic Korean wheat flour containing cactus Chounnyuncho (Opuntia humifusa) powder. Korean J Food Culture, 29, 437-443 https://doi.org/10.7318/KJFC/2014.29.5.437
  13. Song KJ, Kim JJ, Jung BO, Chung SJ, Yoon JA (2013) Quality characteristics of Cheonnyuncho (Opuntia humifusa) wine according to soluble chitosan with different viscosity-average molecular weight. J Chitin Chitosan, 18, 229-234
  14. Jung BM (2010) Quality characteristics and storage properties of wet noodle with added Cheonnyuncho fruit powder. Korean J Food Cookery Sci, 26, 821-830
  15. Kim MH, Hong GJ (2009) Quality properties of jeolpyun supplemented with Cheonnyuncho (Opuntia humifusa). Korean J Food Cookery Sci, 25, 412-420
  16. Kim KT, Choi AR, Lee KS, Joung YM, Lee KY (2007) Quality characteristics of bread made from domestic korean wheat flour containing cactus Chounnyuncho (Opuntia humifusa) powder. Korean J Food Cookery Sci, 23, 461-468
  17. You SG, Kim SW, Jung KH, Moon SK, Yu KW, Choi WS (2010) Effect of astragali radix and Opuntia humifusa on quality of red ginseng drink. Food Eng Progress, 14, 299-306
  18. Jung BM, Han KA, Shin TS (2011) Food components of different parts of Cheonnyuncho (Opuntia humifusa) harvested from yeosu, jeonnam in Korea. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 40, 1271-1278 https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.9.1271
  19. Park MK, Lee YJ, Kang ES (2005) Hepato protective effect of Cheonnyuncho (Opuntia humifusa) extract in rats treated carbon tetrachloride. Korean J Food Sci Technol, 37, 822-826
  20. AOAC (2000) Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. 17th ed. rev2. Ch. 32, Association of Official Analytical Communities, Gaithersbrug, Maryland, USA, p 7-10
  21. Shibata S, Tanaka T, Ando T, Sado M, Tsushima S, Ohsawa T (1966) Chemical studies on oriental plant drugs (XIV) protopanaxadiol, a genuine sapogenin of ginseng saponins. Chem Pharm Bull, 14, 595-600 https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.14.595
  22. Chen H, Bubenthaler GH, Leung HK, Baranowski JD (1998) Chemical physical and baking properties of apple fiber compared with wheat and at bran. Cereal Chem, 66, 224-247
  23. Robertson JA, Monredon FD, Dysseler P, Guillon F, Amado R, Thibault JF (2000) Hydration properties of dietary fiber and resistant starch aeuropen collabroative study. Wiss u-Technol, 33, 72-79 https://doi.org/10.1006/fstl.1999.0595
  24. Lee YC, Hwan KH, Han DH, Km SD (1997) Composition of Opuntia ficus indica. Korean J Food Sci Technol, 29, 847-853
  25. Wintergerst ES, Maggini S, Hornig DH (2007) Contribution of selected itamins and trace elements to immune function. Ann Nutr Metab, 51, 301-323 https://doi.org/10.1159/000107673
  26. Chm HL, Haack VS, Janecky CW, Vollendorf NW, Marlett JA (1998) Mechanisms by which wheat bran and oat bran increase stool weight in humans. Am J Clin Nutr, 68, 711-719 https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/68.3.711
  27. Hwang JK (1996) Physicochemical properties of dietary fibers. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 25, 715-719
  28. Shin JY, Choi EH, Wee JJ (2001) New methods for separation of crude ginseng saponins, Korean J Food Sci Technol, 33, 166-172
  29. Lee SP, Whang K, Ha YD (1998) Functional properties of mucilage and pigment extracted from Opuntia Ficus-indica. J Korean Soc Food Sci Nutr, 27, 821-826
  30. Kang JO, Lee SG (2008) Effect of Opuntia Ficus-indica pigment and sodium lactate on nitrite-reduced sausages. J Anim Sci Technol(Kor), 50, 551-560 https://doi.org/10.5187/JAST.2008.50.4.551
  31. Weber CW, Kohlhepp EA, Idouraine A, Ochoa LJ (1993) Binding capacity of 18 fiber sources for calcium. J Agric Food Chem, 41, 1931-1935 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00035a023
  32. Femenia AP, Garcia P, Simal S, Rossello C (2003) Effects of heat treatment and dehydration on bioactive polysaccharide acemann and cell wall polymers from Aloe barbadensis Miller. Carbohydr. Polym, 51, 397-405 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0144-8617(02)00209-6
  33. Sima S, Femenia A, Llull P, Rosello C (2000) Dehydration of aloe vera: simulation of drying curves and evaluation of functional properties. J Food Eng, 43, 109-114 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0260-8774(99)00139-9

Cited by

  1. Changes in physicochemical and functional properties of Opuntia humifusa by fermentation with Citrus junos flesh and peel vol.28, pp.5, 2021, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2021.28.5.632