Korean Journal of Acupuncture

Society for Meridian and Acupoint (경락경혈학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Acupuncture at Varying Depths at the Connecting Point on the Changes of Levels of nNOS, No and Norepinephrine in Rats

수삼양경 락혈의 깊이별 침자가 백서의 nNOS, NO 및 Norepinephrine의 변화에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Yumi (College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University) ;
  • Shin, Wook (College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University) ;
  • Lee, Kyoungin (Biotechnology Industrialization Center, Dongshin University) ;
  • Choi, Donghee (College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University) ;
  • Kim, Mirae (College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University) ;
  • Na, Changsu (College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University) ;
  • Kim, Sunmin (Biotechnology Industrialization Center, Dongshin University) ;
  • Pyo, Byoungsik (Biotechnology Industrialization Center, Dongshin University) ;
  • Youn, Daehwan (College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University)
  • 이유미 (동신대학교 한의과대학) ;
  • 신욱 (동신대학교 한의과대학) ;
  • 이경인 (동신대학교 생물자원산업화지원센터) ;
  • 최동희 (동신대학교 한의과대학) ;
  • 김미래 (동신대학교 한의과대학) ;
  • 나창수 (동신대학교 한의과대학) ;
  • 김선민 (동신대학교 생물자원산업화지원센터) ;
  • 표병식 (동신대학교 생물자원산업화지원센터) ;
  • 윤대환 (동신대학교 한의과대학)
  • Received : 2015.12.01
  • Accepted : 2015.12.14
  • Published : 2015.12.27
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives : This study was intended to observe the changes in the expression of neurotransmitters, such as nNOS, NO and NE upon the needle insertion at varying depths at the connecting point. Methods : Needles were inserted into rats, on both left and right sides of the connecting point, including the LI6, SI7 and TE5 acupoints which are three yang meridians of the hand. After insertion, needles were retained for five minutes. Each acupuncture groups were treated acupuncture at each acupoint and at the depths of superficial, middle and deep layer. After the retention, blood was drawn via cardiac puncture, and tissues of each point near meridian vessels were extracted to examine the changes in the expression of nNOS, NO and NE. Results : In terms of the effect in nNO production, there was a significant increase only in the middle and deep layer at SI7 acupoint, but there was no significant change in the expression of NO. Regarding the formation of norepinephrine within tissues, the middle layer on LI6 acupoint, the middle layer and the deep layer on TE5 acupoint showed a significant increase, while production of plasma norepinephrine was significantly decreased at the middle layer and the deep layer on LI6 acupoint and the deep layer on SI7 acupoint. Conclusions : The effect of needles applied at the connecting point of three yang meridians on the activities of nNOS, and NE could be observed, and it can be induced that the effect of needle stimulation on disrupted nervous system can be examined through additional researches based on this one.

Keywords

References

  1. Kim YS, CHOI DH, Jang HS, Na CS, Hwang MH, Cho JH, Lee KI, Kim SM, Pyo BS, Youn DH. Effects of Acupuncture at ST41, BL60, GB38 on Changes of Nitric Oxide and Nitric Oxide Synthase in Rats. Korean journal of acupuncture. 2013 ; 30(2) : 97-103. https://doi.org/10.14406/acu.2013.30.2.097
  2. Meridians & acupoints compilation committee of Korean Oriental Medical colleges. Principles of meridians & acupoints; a guidebook for college students. Daejeon : JongRyeoNaMu Publishing. 2012 : 20, 36, 274, 307, 308, 312.
  3. Im JH. A Study on Effect of Nitrooleate on Nitric Oxide Production and Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Regulation in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. 2012.
  4. Jo YH. The Expression of neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase in Rennervared Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve. 2001. KDC : 511.423 4.
  5. Kim YM. Nutritional directed regulation of nNOS expression in the rat paraventricular nucleus. 2003. KDC : 519.9 4.
  6. HOWNG HK. The Effects of L-NAME Administrations on Nitric Oxide Synthase in Rabbit Submandibular and Sublingual Gland : An Immunoelectron Microscopic Study. 2007. KDC : 511
  7. Kim YS, CHOI DH, Choi TJ, Jang HS, Na CS, Sin HT, Lee KI, Kim SM, Pyo BS, Yun DH. Effects of Acupuncture at the Sea Point on the Changes of Plasma and Tissue Levels of NO, nNOS, Norepinephrine in Rats. Korean journal of acupuncture. 2012.
  8. Koo ST, Kim SK, Kim EH, Kim JH, Youn DH, Lee BH, et al. Acupuncture point locations for experimental animal studies in rats and mice. The Korean Journal of Meridian & Acupoint. 2010 ; 27(3) : 67-78.
  9. Yang SY. Development of Acupuncture Point Stimulation and Skin Resistance Systems. 2001. Myonggi University. Thesis for a doctorate.
  10. Zhuang W, Eby JC, Cheong M, Mohapatra PK, Bredt DS, Disatnik MH, et al. The susceptibility of muscle cells to oxidative stress is independent of nitric oxide synthase expression. Muscle Nerve. 2001 ; 24(4) : 502-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/mus.1033
  11. Bredt DS. Endogenous nitric oxide synthesis: biological functions and pathophysiology. Free Radic Res. 1999 ; 31(6) : 577-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/10715769900301161
  12. Feng C. Mechanism of nitric oxide synthase regulation: electron transfer and interdomain interactions. Coord Chem Rev. 2012 ; 256(3-4) : 393-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2011.10.011
  13. Huh Y, Heo K, Park C, Ahn H. Transient induction of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in neurons of rat cerebral cortex after status epilepticus. Neurosci Lett. 2000 ; 281(1) : 49-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3940(00)00800-4
  14. Koh JY, Choi DW. Vulnerability of cultured corticalvneurons to damage by endotoxins, Differential susceptibility of neurons containing NADPH-diaphorase. J Neurosci. 1993 ; 8(6) : 2153-63.
  15. Bryan NS. Nitrite in nitric oxide biology: cause or consequence? A systems-based review. Free Radic Biol Med. 2006 ; 41(5) : 691-701. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.05.019
  16. Choi YY, Kim JH, Jeon MK, Lim JA, Kim KS, Shon IC. Effect of FOLIUM ARTEMISIAE ARGYI' herbal acupuncture on the expression of nNOS protein following transient forebrain ischemic injury in rats. The Korean Journal of Meridian & Acupoint. 2004 ; 21(1) : 15-27.
  17. Lee HM, Kim CH, Kim YS. Acupoint combination-related changes of NADPH-d diaphorase and neuronal nitric oxide synthase in the brainstem and cerebellum of spontaneously hypertensive rats. The Journal of Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society. 2003 ; 20(6) : 148-59.
  18. Kim HD, Nam SS, Kim CH. Effect of electroacupuncture stimulation on activity of neuronal NOS in rats. The Journal of Korean Acupuncture & Moxibustion Society. 2006 ; 23(5) : 199-206.
  19. Kim JD, Kang SK, Kim CW. The effects of acupuncture on and nNOS in the brain stem and cerebellum oF SHR. The Journal of Korea Acupuncture on Moxibustion Society. 2004 ; 21(5) : 1-12.
  20. Yim CY. Nitric oxide and cancer. The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine. 2010 ; 78(4) : 430-6.
  21. Lee BH, Baik DS, Yun SU, Shin JM, Kim JH, Yun SY, et al. Peripheral nitric oxide activity in patients with liver cirrhosis. The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine. 2007 ; 73(3) : 251-7.
  22. Dale P, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, Hall WC, Lamantia AS, Mcnamara JO, Williams SM. Neuroscience. 3rd ed. Seoul : World Science. 2007 : 150.
  23. Jung IG, Park WH. The effect of cognitive stress during maximal exercise on blood $\beta$-endorphine and norepinephrine concentrations. Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies. 2006 ; 27 : 285-91.
  24. Chung HC, Han MC, Park SK, Ahn SH, Kim KS, Sohn ICl. Effects of norepinephrine and serotonin increase induced by acupuncture stimulation on the nitric oxide synthesis. The Journal of Korea Acupuncture on Moxibustion Society. 1999 ; 16(3) : 367-78.
  25. Youn DH, Park CK, Kim JS, Chae WS, Na CS. Effects of acupuncture at the acupoint yongok(KI2), umgok(KI10), sobu( HT8), sohae(HT3) on aquaporin-2 expression, RSNA, MAP, HR, serum ANP, renin and norepinephrine in rats. The Korean Journal of Meridian & Acupoint. 2004 ; 21(1) : 1-14.

Cited by

  1. The Changes of NO, nNOS, Norepinephrine by Acupucture at LU7, HT5, PC6 Acupoints in Rats vol.33, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.14406/acu.2016.012
  2. Studies on NO, nNOS, eNOS, iNOS and NE Expression by Acupuncture at SP4, KI4 and LR5 vol.34, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.14406/acu.2017.003
  3. Trends of Studies in Korean Journal of Acupuncture vol.33, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.14406/acu.2016.002
  4. Quantitative Comparison of Acupuncture Needle Force Generation According to Diameter vol.35, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.13045/jar.2018.00283