DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of concentrate supplementation on nutrient digestibility and growth of Brahman crossbred cattle fed a basal diet of grass and rice straw

  • Do, Van Quang (Institute of Animal Science Southern Vietnam) ;
  • Nguyen, Xuan Ba (Faculty of Animal Sciences, Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry) ;
  • Doyle, Peter T. (Peter Doyle Consulting) ;
  • Dau, Van Hai (Institute of Animal Science Southern Vietnam) ;
  • Lane, Peter A. (Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture and School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania) ;
  • Malau-Aduli, Aduli EO (Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture and School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania) ;
  • Nguyen, Huu Van (Faculty of Animal Sciences, Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry) ;
  • Parsons, David (Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture and School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania)
  • Received : 2014.11.26
  • Accepted : 2015.09.18
  • Published : 2015.09.30

Abstract

Background: An experiment was conducted in Vietnam to test the hypothesis that total dry matter (DM) intake and liveweight (LW) gain would increase in a curvilinear manner with increasing amounts of concentrate offered. Method: There were five treatments: a basal diet of Guinea grass fed at 1 % of LW and rice straw fed ad libitum (T0), or this diet supplemented with concentrate at 0.6 (T1), 1.2 (T2), 1.8 (T3), or 2.4 % of LW (T4). The concentrate comprised locally available ingredients, namely cassava chips, rice bran, crushed rice grain, fishmeal, salt, and urea, mixed manually. Results: Concentrate intake increased from T0 to T3, but there was no difference in concentrate intake between T3 and T4. Total feed intake increased in a curvilinear manner from 4.0 to 6.4 kg DM/d as the quantity of concentrate consumed increased. The substitution of concentrate for grass and rice straw increased with increasing consumption of concentrate and was as high as 0.49 kg DM reduction per kg of concentrate consumed. LW gain increased curvilinearly, with significant differences between T0 (0.092 kg/d), T1 (0.58 kg/d) and T2 (0.79 kg/d); but there were no significant differences in LW gain between T2, T3 (0.83 kg/d) and T4 (0.94 kg/d).With increasing amount of concentrate in the diet, the digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and crude fat increased, but NDF digestibility decreased. Conclusion: Based on these results, young Vietnamese Brahman-cross growing cattle will respond to a locally-sourced concentrate mix offered at a level of up to 1.2 % of LW.

Keywords

References

  1. Dung DV, Mui NT, Ba NX, Van NH, Smith RDP, Corfield JP. Reproductive constraints to improved productivity of smallholder cow-calf systems in South Central Coast Vietnam - insights from recent surveys. In: Yuangklang C, editor. The 5th International Conference on Sustainable Animal Agricultural for Developing Countries 26-30 October 2015. Pattaya, Thailand: SAADC Conference; 2015.
  2. Ba NX, Van NH, Ngoan LD, Leddin CM, Doyle PT. Effects of Amount of Concentrate Supplement on Forage Intake, Diet Digestibility and Live Weight Gain in Yellow Cattle in Vietnam. Asian Australas J Anim Sci. 2008;21:1736-44. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.80082
  3. Ba NX, Van NH, Ngoan LD, Leddin CM, Doyle PT. Amount of cassava powder fed as a supplement affects feed intake and live weight gain in laisind cattle in Vietnam. Asian Australas J Anim Sci. 2008;21:1143-50. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2008.70479
  4. Parsons D, Lane PA, Ngoan LD, Ba NX, Tuan DT, Van NH, Dung DV, Phung LD: Systems of cattle production in South Central Coastal Vietnam. Livestock Res Rural Dev 2013, 25. http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd25/2/pars25025.htm
  5. Doyle PT, Devendra C, Pearce GR. Rice Straw as a Feed for Ruminants. Canberra: International Development Programme of Australian Universities and Colleges; 1986.
  6. Wilson JR, Minson DJ. Prospects for improving the digestibility and intake of tropical grasses. Trop Grassl. 1980;14:253-9.
  7. Ba NX, Van NH, Scandrett S, Vy LV, Tung HV, Nghi NT, Tuan DT, Lane PA, Parsons D: Improved forage varieties for smallholder cattle farmers in South Central Coastal Vietnam. Livestock Research for Rural Development 2014, 26. ISSN 0121-3784 (2014)
  8. Doyle PT, Stockdale CR, Ba NX, Van NH, Ngoan LD. Understanding interactions between forages and concentrates is important for formulating feeding strategies for growing cattle in central Vietnam. Aust J Exp Agric. 2008;48:821-4. https://doi.org/10.1071/EA07417
  9. Hennessy DW, Murison RD. Cottonseed meal and molasses as sources of protein and energy for cattle offered low quality hay from pastures of the north coast of New South Wales. Aust J Exp Agric. 1982;22:140-6. https://doi.org/10.1071/EA9820140
  10. AOAC International. Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. 19th ed. Gaithersburg, MD, USA: AOAC International; 2012.
  11. Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci. 1991;74:3583-97. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
  12. SAS Institute. The SAS System for Windows v.9.1. Cary NC: SAS Institute; 2003.
  13. Hennessy DW, Kohun PJ, Williamson PJ, Brown DA, Nolan JV. The effect of nitrogen and protein supplementation on feed-intake, growth and digestive function of steers with different bos-indicus, bos-taurus genotypes when fed a low-quality grass hay. Aust J Agric Res. 1995;46:1121-36. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9951121
  14. Lee GJ, Hennessy DW, Nolan JV, Leng RA. Responses to nitrogen and maize supplements by young cattle offered a low-quality pasture hay. Aust J Agric Res. 1987;38:195-207. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9870195
  15. Van NH, Ba NX, Dung DV, Phung LD, Ngoan LD, Cuong VC. Effects of concentrate levels on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance and rumen characteristics Vietnamese yellow cattle. J Agric Rural Dev Viet Nam. 2012;3:46-53.
  16. Wanapat M, Khampa S. Effect of levels of supplementation of concentrate containing high levels of cassava chip on rumen ecology, microbial N supply and digestibility of nutrients in beef cattle. Asian Australas J Anim Sci. 2007;20:75-81.
  17. Trach NX. Utilisation of Crop Residue for Ruminants. Hanoi: Agricultural Publishing House; 2004.
  18. Cohen RDH. Effect of molasses-urea supplements on digestibility of mature carpet grass (Axonopusaffinis) and liveweight change of beef steers. Aust J Expt Agric Anim Husb. 1974;14:589-92. https://doi.org/10.1071/EA9740589
  19. Ernst AJ, Limpus JF, O'Rourke PK. Effect of supplements of molasses and urea on intake and digestibility of native pasture hay be steers. Aust J Expt Agric Anim Husb. 1975;15:451-5. https://doi.org/10.1071/EA9750451
  20. Doyle PT. Supplements other than forages. In: Hacker JB, Ternouth JH, editors. The Nutrition of Herbivores. Sydney: Academic Press; 1987. p. 429-64.
  21. Dung DV, Ba NX, Van NH, Phung LD, Ngoan LD, Cuong VC, et al. Practice on improving fattening local cattle production in Vietnam by increasing crude protein level in concentrate and concentrate level. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2013;45:1619-26. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-013-0407-2
  22. Huhtanen P. Associative effects of feeds in ruminants. Nor J Agric Sci. 1991;5:37-57.
  23. Mould FL, Orskov ER, Mann SO. Associative effects of mixed feeds. 1. Effects of type and level of supplementation and the influence of the rumen fluid ph on cellulolysis invivo and dry-matter digestion of various roughages. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 1983;10:15-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(83)90003-2
  24. Dixon RM, Stockdale CR. Associative effects between forages and grains: consequences for feed utilisation. Aust J Agric Res. 1999;50:757-73. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR98165
  25. Agle M, Hristov AN, Zaman S, Schneider C, Ndegwa PM, Vaddella VK. Effect of dietary concentrate on rumen fermentation, digestibility, and nitrogen losses in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2010;93:4211-22. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2977
  26. Moorby JM, Dewhurst RJ, Evans RT, Danelon JL. Effects of dairy cow diet forage proportion on duodenal nutrient supply and urinary purine derivative excretion. J Dairy Sci. 2006;89:3552-62. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72395-5
  27. Plaizier JC, Krause DO, Gozho GN, McBride BW. Subacuteruminal acidosis in dairy cows, the physiological causes, incidence and consequences. Vet J. 2009;176:21-31.
  28. Manni K, Rinne M, Huhtanen P. Comparison of concentrate feeding strategies for growing dairy bulls. Livest Sci. 2013;152:21-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2012.12.006
  29. Paeng-Koum P, Tatsapong P. Effect of different levels of protein on feed intake, digestibility and growth rate of Thai native beef fed pangola grass as roughages. In: Oshio S, Otsuka M, Sommart K, editors. Establishment of a Feeding Standard of Beef Cattle and a Feed Database for the Indochinese Peninsula. Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan: JIRCAS; 2009. p. 76-8.

Cited by

  1. Effect of dried Sesbania sesban leaves supplementation on milk yield, feed intake, and digestibility of Holstein Friesian X Zebu (Arado) crossbred dairy cows vol.51, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-018-1779-0
  2. Nutrient intake, feeding patterns, and abnormal behavior of growing bulls fed different concentrate levels and a single fiber source (corn stover silage) vol.33, pp.None, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2019.03.003
  3. Influence of levels of supplementary concentrate mixture on lactation performance of Red Sokoto does and the pre-weaning growth rate of their kids vol.10, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vas.2020.100137
  4. Alterations in Energy Partitioning and Methane Emissions in Murciano-Granadina Goats Fed Orange Leaves and Rice Straw as a Replacement for Beet Pulp and Barley Straw vol.11, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11010038