Structural Engineering and Mechanics

  • 제52권6호
  • /
  • Pages.1135-1156
  • /
  • 2014
  • /
  • 1225-4568(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-6217(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Bending ratcheting behavior of pressurized straight Z2CND18.12N stainless steel pipe

  • Wang, Lei (School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University) ;
  • Chen, Gang (School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University) ;
  • Zhu, Jianbei (School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University) ;
  • Sun, Xiuhu (School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University) ;
  • Mei, Yunhui (Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology and School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University) ;
  • Ling, Xiang (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Process Enhancement & New Energy Equipment Technology, NanJing University of Technology) ;
  • Chen, Xu (School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University)
  • 투고 : 2013.10.07
  • 심사 : 2014.07.02
  • 발행 : 2014.12.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The ratcheting effect greatly challenges the design of piping components. With the assistance of the quasi-three point bending apparatus, ratcheting and the ratcheting boundary of pressurized straight Z2CND18.12N stainless steel pipe under bending loading and vertical displacement control were studied experimentally. The characteristics of progressive inelastic deformation in axial and hoop directions of the Z2CND18.12N stainless steel pipes were investigated. The experiment results show that the ratcheting strain occurs mainly in the hoop direction while there is less ratcheting strain in the axial direction. The characteristics of the bending ratcheting behavior of the pressure pipes were derived and compared under load control and displacement control, respectively. The results show that the cyclic bending loading and the internal pressure affect the ratcheting behavior of the pressurized straight pipe significantly under load control. In the meantime, the ratcheting characteristics are also highly associated with the cyclic displacement and the internal pressure under displacement control. All these factors affect not only the saturation of the ratcheting strain but the ratcheting strain rate. A series of multi-step bending ratcheting experiments were conducted under both control modes. It was found that the hardening effect of Z2CND18.12N stainless steel pipe under previous cyclic loadings no matter with high or low displacement amplitudes is significant, and the prior loading histories greatly retard the ratcheting strain and its rate under subsequent loadings. Finally, the ratcheting boundaries of the pressurized straight Z2CND18.12N stainless steel pipe were determined and compared based on KTA/ASME, RCC-MR and the experimental results.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Asada, S., Yamashita, N., Okamoto, A. and Nishiguchi, I. (2002), "Verification of alternative criteria for shakedown evaluation using flat head vessel", ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference.
  2. ASME (2010), "Boiler and ASME Pressure Vessel Code Section III: Rules for Construction of Nuclear Power Plant Components", American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, NY.
  3. Bree, J. (1967), "Elastic-plastic behaviour of thin tubes subjected to internal pressure and intermittent highheat fluxes with application to fast-nuclear-reactor fuel elements", J. Strain Anal. Eng. Des., 2(3), 226-238. https://doi.org/10.1243/03093247V023226
  4. Bree, J. (1989), "Plastic deformation of a closed tube due to interaction of pressure stresses and cyclic thermal stresses", Int. J. Mech. Sci., 31(11), 865-892. https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-7403(89)90030-1
  5. CARE Measure & Control Co., L. www.care-mc.com/index.html.
  6. Chen, X., Chen, X., Yu, D. and Gao, B. (2013), "Recent progresses in experimental investigation and finite element analysis of ratcheting in pressurized piping", Int. J. Pres. Ves. Pip., 101, 113-142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2012.10.008
  7. Dang Van, K. and Moumni, Z. (2000), "Evaluation of fatigue-ratcheting damage of a pressurised elbow undergoing damage seismic inputs", Nucl. Eng. Des., 196(1), 41-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0029-5493(99)00229-0
  8. Gao, B., Chen, X. and Chen, G. (2006), "Ratchetting and ratchetting boundary study of pressurized straight low carbon steel pipe under reversed bending", Int. J. Pres. Ves. Pip., 83(2), 96-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2005.12.002
  9. Hassan, T., Zhu, Y. and Matzen, V.C. (1998), "Improved ratcheting analysis of piping components", Int. J. Pres. Ves. Pip., 75(8), 643-652. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-0161(98)00070-2
  10. Jahanian, S. (1997), "On the incremental growth of mechanical structures subjected to cyclic thermal and mechanical loading", Int. J. Pres. Ves. Pip., 71(2), 121-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0308-0161(96)00054-3
  11. Kang, G., Gao, Q., Cai, L. and Sun, Y. (2002), "Experimental study on uniaxial and nonproportionally multiaxial ratcheting of SS304 stainless steel at room and high temperatures", Nucl. Eng. Des., 216(1), 13-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0029-5493(02)00062-6
  12. Kang, G. and Liu, Y. (2008), "Uniaxial ratchetting and low-cycle fatigue failure of the steel with cyclic stabilizing or softening feature", Mat. Sci. Eng. A, 472(1), 258-268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2007.03.029
  13. Kang, G.Z. (2008), "Ratchetting: Recent progresses in phenomenon observation, constitutive modeling and application", Int. J. Fatigue, 30(8), 1448-1472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2007.10.002
  14. Kramer, D., Krolop, S., Scheffold, A. and Stegmeyer, R. (1997), "Investigations into the ratchetting behaviour of austenitic pipes", Nucl. Eng. Des., 171(1), 161-172. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0029-5493(96)01327-1
  15. KTA (2010), "Kerntechnischer $Ausschu{\beta}$ (KTA), Sicherheitstechnische Regel des KTA; Komponenten des primarkreises von Leichtwasserreaktoren", Teil: Auslegung, Konstruktion und Berchnung, Regelanderungsentwurf.
  16. Kwofie, S. (2006), "Cyclic creep of copper due to axial cyclic and tensile mean stresses", Mat. Sci. Eng. A, 427(1), 263-267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.04.105
  17. Li, S., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Wang, C., Niu, H. and Yang, J. (2013), "Uniaxial ratchetting behaviour of cerium oxide filled vulcanized natural rubber", Polym. Test., 32(3), 468-474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2013.01.007
  18. Lin, Y., Chen, X.M., Liu, Z.H. and Chen, J. (2013), "Investigation of uniaxial low-cycle fatigue failure behavior of hot-rolled AZ91 magnesium alloy", Int. J. Fatigue, 48, 122-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2012.10.010
  19. Lin, Y., Liu, Z.H., Chen, X.M. and Chen, J. (2013), "Stress-based fatigue life prediction models for AZ31B magnesium alloy under single-step and multi-step asymmetric stress-controlled cyclic loadings", Comp. Mater. Sci., 73, 128-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2013.02.023
  20. Lin, Y., Liu, Z.H., Chen, X.M. and Chen, J. (2013), "Uniaxial ratcheting and fatigue failure behaviors of hot-rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy under asymmetrical cyclic stress-controlled loadings", Mat. Sci. Eng. A, 573, 234-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.03.004
  21. Liu, Y., Kang, G. and Gao, Q. (2010), "A multiaxial stress-based fatigue failure model considering ratchetting-fatigue interaction", Int. J. Fatigue, 32(4), 678-684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2009.10.006
  22. Moreton, D., Yahiaoui, K. and Moffat, D. (1996), "Onset of ratchetting in pressurised piping elbows subjected to in-plane bending moments", Int. J. Pres. Ves. Pip., 68(1), 73-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/0308-0161(94)00041-7
  23. Ng, H. and Nadarajah, C. (1996), "Biaxial Ratcheting and Cyclic Plasticity for Bree-Type Loading-Part I: Finite Element Analysis", J. Press. Vess-T, ASME, 118(2), 154-160. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2842174
  24. Oh, C.S., Kim, Y.J. and Yoon, K.B. (2010), "Elastic-plastic behaviours of pressurised tubes under cyclic thermal stresses with temperature gradients", Int. J. Pres. Ves. Pip., 87(5), 245-253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2010.03.002
  25. Ohno, N. (1997), "Recent progress in constitutive modeling for ratchetting", Mater. Sci. Res., 3(1), 1-9.
  26. Rider, R., Harvey, S. and Chandler, H. (1995), "Fatigue and ratcheting interactions", Int. J. Fatigue, 17(7), 507-511. https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-1123(95)00046-V
  27. Rider, R., Harvey, S. and Charles, I. (1994), "Ratchetting in pressurised pipes", Fatigue Fract. Eng. M, 17(4), 497-500. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.1994.tb00248.x
  28. RCC-MR (2007), "Design Rules for Class 1 Equipment", RB 3000.
  29. Shariati, M., Hatami, H., Torabi, H. and Epakchi, H.R. (2012), "Experimental and numerical investigations on the ratcheting characteristics of cylindrical shell under cyclic axial loading", Struct. Eng. Mech., 44(6), 753-762. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2012.44.6.753
  30. Vishnuvardhan, S., Raghava, G., Gandhi, P., Saravanan, M., Goyal, S., Arora, P., Gupta, S.K. and Bhasin, V. (2013), "Ratcheting failure of pressurised straight pipes and elbows under reversed bending", Int. J. Pres. Ves. Pip., 105, 79-89.
  31. Vishnuvardhan, S., Raghava, G., Gandhi, P., Saravanan, M., Pukazhendhi, D., Goyal, S., Arora, P. and Gupta, S.K. (2010), "Fatigue ratcheting studies on TP304 LN stainless steel straight pipes", Procedia Eng., 2(1), 2209-2218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2010.03.237
  32. Weiss, E., Postberg, B., Nicak, T. and Rudolph, J. (2004), "Simulation of ratcheting and low cycle fatigue", Int. J. Pres. Ves. Pip., 81(3), 235-242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2004.01.002
  33. Wolters, J., Breitbach, G., R?dig, M. and Nickel, H. (1997), "Investigation of the ratcheting phenomenon for dominating bending loads", Nucl. Eng. Des., 174(3), 353-363. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0029-5493(97)00128-3
  34. Xia, Z., Kujawski, D. and Ellyin, F. (1996), "Effect of mean stress and ratcheting strain on fatigue life of steel", Int. J. Fatigue, 18(5), 335-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/0142-1123(96)00088-6
  35. Yamamoto, Y., Yamashita, N. and Tanaka, M. (2002). "Evaluation of thermal stress ratchet in plastic FEA", ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference.
  36. Yao, Y., Lu, M.W. and Zhang, X. (2004), "Elasto-plastic behavior of pipe subjected to steady axial load and cyclic bending", Nucl. Eng. Des., 229(2), 189-197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2003.10.013
  37. Yoshida, F., Obataya, Y. and Shiratori, E. (1984), "Mechanical ratcheting behaviors of a steel pipe under combined cyclic axial load and internal pressure", Society of Materials Science Proc. of the 27 th Japan Congr. on Mater. Res., 13-24 (SEE N 85-34180 23-23).
  38. Zakavi, S., Zehsaz, M. and Eslami, M. (2010), "The ratchetting behavior of pressurized plain pipework subjected to cyclic bending moment with the combined hardening model", Nucl. Eng. Des., 240(4), 726-737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2009.12.012

피인용 문헌

  1. Cyclic Plasticity Constitutive Model for Uniaxial Ratcheting Behavior of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy vol.24, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-015-1487-0
  2. Ratcheting in pressurized pipes and equipment: A review on affecting parameters, modelling, safety codes, and challenges vol.41, pp.3, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.12775
  3. Ratcheting Behavior of Weld Joints Under Uniaxial Cyclic Loading Using Miniature Specimen pp.1995-8196, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12209-018-0160-8
  4. Ratcheting Effect of Pressurized 90° Elbow Pipe under In-Plane Opening, Closing, and Reverse Bending vol.10, pp.2, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)PS.1949-1204.0000369
  5. Influences of Material Variations of Functionally Graded Pipe on the Bree Diagram vol.10, pp.8, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3390/app10082936
  6. Ratcheting assessment of offshore pipelines subjected to cyclic axial loading: experimental and numerical investigation vol.15, pp.9, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1080/17445302.2019.1696514