The Korean Journal of Medicine

The Korean Association of Internal Medicine (대한내과학회)
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Lifestyle Management to Reduce Cardiovascular Risk

심혈관 위험을 낮추기 위한 생활습관 관리

  • Park, Hyung Wook (Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School)
  • 박형욱 (전남대학교 의과대학 전남대학교병원 순환기내과)
  • Published : 2014.08.01
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Abstract

A healthy lifestyle is important in the prevention and delayed progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The intent of this lifestyle management guideline review is to evaluate evidence describing particular dietary patterns, nutrient intake, and levels and types of physical activity associated with CVD risk. The recommendations of this article may be used in management of hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. The proposed guidelines emphasize the importance of dietary patterns rather than individual dietary components. Dietary patterns offer the opportunity to characterize the overall composition and quality of the eating behaviors of a population, such as a Mediterranean-style diet. Dietary sodium and potassium are particularly relevant in CVD due to their effects on blood pressure, while substantial epidemiologic evidence links higher levels of aerobic physical activity to lower rates of CVD and other chronic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus. This indicates that weight loss and maintenance are critical for prevention and control of CVD risk factors.

음식 저밀도 지단백 조절 야채, 과일, 전곡(whole grain), 저지방 유제품, 가금류, 생선, 콩류, 비열대성(non-tropical) 식물성 유지 및 견과류를 섭취하도록 권장하며 감미료, 설탕 함유 청량음료(sugar-sweetened beverage), 붉은 고기류(red meat) 섭취는 제한한다. 포화지방산으로부터 얻는 칼로리는 전체 칼로리의 5-6% 정도로 유지되도록 하며 포화지방산 섭취를 줄인다. 트렌스 지방으로 얻는 칼로리도 줄인다. 혈압 조절 야채, 과일, 전곡(whole grain), 저지방 유제품, 가금류, 생선, 콩류, 비열대성(non-tropical) 식물성 유지 및 견과류를 섭취하도록 권장하며 감미료, 설탕 함유 청량음료(sugar-sweetened beverage), 붉은 고기류(red meat) 섭취는 제한한다. 염분 섭취를 줄여 하루 염분을 2,400 mg 이상 섭취하지 않도록 한다. 1,500 mg 이하로 줄이면 혈압 감소 효과가 더 크다. 운동 지질 저밀도 지단백(LDL-C) 및 비고밀도 지단백(non-HDL-C)을 감소시키기 위하여 중-고강도(moderate-to-severe intensity) 유산소 운동을 1회 평균 40분, 주 3-4회 하도록 권장한다. 혈압 혈압을 낮추기 위하여도 같은 정도의 유산소 운동을 중-고강도(moderate-to-severe intensity)로 1회 평균 40분, 주 3-4회 하도록 권장한다.

Keywords

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