Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회지)

Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer (한국토양비료학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Coal Fly Ash as a Bulking Agent under Co-composting with Swine Manure and Saw Dust

  • Received : 2014.09.29
  • Accepted : 2014.10.20
  • Published : 2014.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The coal fly ash (CFA) may be utilized as an extender for organic waste composting at the same time fully expected to solve all industrial waste disposal and sawdust tribe. The main objective in this study was to evaluate the effect of CFA addition as a bulking agent for swine manure composting. To determine the suitable addition rate of CFA as a bulking agent, 0, 10, 20 and 30% of saw dust were mixed with 30, 20, 10 and 0% of coal fly ash, respectively. Compost quality for swine manure composting was to evaluate temperature, pH, C/N ratio, and phytotoxicity as germination index. Stability of compost increased with increasing levels of CFA as bulking agent during swine manure composting due to the high alkaline materials including CFA. C to N ratio in treatment added CFA was higher than that of the control without CFA. After finishing composting, germination index of lettuce and cabbage in swine manure compost added 10% of CFA was similar to the control, all the heavy metal contents were far below the stipulated standard for organic farming. These results indicated tahr coal fly ash as bulking agents might be alternative materials to save saw dust and apply industrial products for swine manure composting.

Keywords

References

  1. Barrington, S., D. Choiniere., M. Trigui., and W. Knight. 2002. Effect of carbon source on compost nitrogen and carbon losses. Bioresour. Technol. 83:189-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00229-2
  2. Beaver, T. 1995. Adding coal ash to the composting mix. Biocycle. pp.88-89.
  3. Bernal, M.P., C. Paredes., M. A. Sanchez-Monedero., and J. Cegarra. 1998. Maturity and stability parameters of composts prepared with a wide range of organic wastes. Bioresour. Technol. 63:91-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(97)00084-9
  4. Bhamidimarri, S.M.R., and S.P. Pandey. 1996. Aerobic thermophilic composting of piggery solid wastes. Water Sci. Technol. 33:89-94.
  5. Cha, D.W., H.S. Lee., and J.H. Jung. 1999. Production and composition of the power plant coal ash in Korea. In: Proc. Agricultural Utilization of Fly Ash Symposium. Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, pp. 1-23 (in Korean with English summary).
  6. Epstein, E., G.B. Willson. W.D. Burge., D.C. Mullen., and N.K. Enkiri. 1997. A forced aeration system for composting of wastewater sludge. J. Wat. Contr. Fed. 48:688-694.
  7. Fang, M., J.W.C. Wong., K.K. Ma., and M.H. Wong. 1999. Co-composting of sewage sludge and coal fly ash: nutrient transformations. Bioresour. Technol. 67:19-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00095-4
  8. Gage, J. 2003. Checklist for odor management at compost facilities. Biocycle. 44:42-47.
  9. Georgacakis, D., D.M. Sievrs., and E.L. Iannotti. 1982. Buffer stability in manure digesters. Agric. Wastes. 4:427-441. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-4607(82)90038-5
  10. Golueke, C.G. 1977. Biological reclamation of organic wastes. Rodale Press, Emmans, PA, USA.
  11. Imbeah, M. 1998. Composting piggery waste: A review. Bioresour. Technol. 63:197-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(97)00165-X
  12. Jimenez, I.E. and V.P. Garcia. 1989. Evaluation of city refuse maturity: A review. Biol. Wastes 27:115-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/0269-7483(89)90039-6
  13. Kirchmann, H., and P. Widen. 1994. Seperately coolected organic household wastes. Swedish J. Agric. Res. 24:3-12.
  14. Levi-Minzi, R., R. Riffaldi., and A. Saviozzi. 1986. Organic matter and nutrients in fresh and mature farmyard manure. Agric. Wastes.16:225-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-4607(86)90068-5
  15. MAF. 1986-2007. Statistical research annual report of agriculture and forestry. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. Seoul. Korea.
  16. Mathur,S.P., G. Owen., H. Dinel., and M. Schnitzer. 1993. Determination of compost biomaturity: I. Literature review. Biol. Agri. Hort. 10:65-85. https://doi.org/10.1080/01448765.1993.9754655
  17. Michel, F.C., L.J. Forney., A.J.F. Huang., S. Drew., M. Czuprenski., J.D. Lindeberg., and C.A. Reddy. 1996. Effects of turning frequency, leaves to grass mix ratio and windrow vs. pile configuration on the composting of yard trimmings. Compost Sci. Util. 4:26-43.
  18. NAAS (National Academy of Agricultural Science). 2000. Investigation of heavy metal contents in soil. Rural Development Administration. Korea.
  19. Nakasaki, K., H. Yaguchi., Y. Sasaki., and H. Kubota. 1993. Effects of pH control on composting of garbage. Waste Manage. Res. 11:117-125. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X9301100204
  20. Sellami, F., R. Jarboui., S. Hachicha., K. Medhioub., and E. Ammar. 2008. Co-composting of oil exhausted olive-cake, poultry manure and industrial residues of agro-food activity for soil amendment. Bioresour. Technol. 99:1177-1188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.02.018
  21. Sesay, A. A., K. Lasaridi., and A. Inoko. 1979. Controlled composting of paper pulp slidge using the aerated static pile method. Compost Sci. Util. 5:82-96.
  22. Tiquia, S.M., N.F.Y. Tam., and J.J. Hodgkiss. 1996. Effects of composting on phytotoxicity of spent pig-manure sawdust litter. Environ. Pollut. 93:249-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(96)00052-8
  23. Tiquia, S. M., and N.F.Y. Tam. 1998. Elimination of phytotoxicity during co-composting of spent pig-manure sawdust litter and pig sludge. Bioresour. Technol. 65:43-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(98)00024-8
  24. Wong, J.W.C., S.O. Fung., and A. Selvam. 2009. Coal fly ash and lime addition enhances the rate and efficiency of decomposition of food waste during composting. Bioresour. Technol. 100: 3324-3331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.01.063
  25. Zucconi, F., A. Pera., M. Forte., and M. Bertoldi. 1981. Evaluating toxicity of immature compost. Biocycle. 22:54-57.
  26. Zucconi, F., A. Monaco., M. Forte., and M. de Bertoldi. 1985. Phytotoxins during the stabilization of organic matter. In Composting of agricultural and other wastes. Ed. J. K. R. Gasser. Elsevier Applied Science Publ. London, pp. 73-85.