DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Synthesis of Organic salt Oxidizer, Guanidine Dinitramide

유기염 고체산화제 Guanidine Dinitramide의 합성연구

  • Kim, Woo-Ram (Dept. of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Kwon, Youn-Ja (Dept. of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Jo, Young-Min (Dept. of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University) ;
  • Jung, Sun-Tae (SOOA Corp.)
  • 김우람 (경희대학교 공과대학 환경공학과) ;
  • 권윤자 (경희대학교 공과대학 환경공학과) ;
  • 조영민 (경희대학교 공과대학 환경공학과) ;
  • 정선태 ((주)수아)
  • Received : 2014.05.28
  • Accepted : 2014.07.25
  • Published : 2014.09.30

Abstract

Dinitramide ($N(NO_2)_2$) salts are one of plausible oxidizing agents for a high efficient propellant. Guanidine dinitramide (GDN) is an organic salt improving its stability against moisture, so that enables massive production and long term storage. Several types of GDN (GDN-1,2,3,4,5) were synthesized using some types of starting materials such as guanidine acetate, chloride, carbonate, nitrate and sulfate. As a result of the experimental work, synthesized GDN from the carbonate salt appeared fairly pure relatively higher yield (99%) than the other samples. The absorption wave length of all prepared GDNs by FTIR were found at 3452, 3402, 3354, 3278, 3208, 1642, 1570, 1492, 1416, 1337, 1179 and $1000cm^{-1}$. DSC analysis found a thermal phase change at $130^{\circ}C$, and indicated exothermic reaction at about $150^{\circ}C$ to $160^{\circ}C$.

Dinitramide($N(NO_2)_2$)염 화합물은 현재 고체 산화제로 로켓추진제의 중요한 원료 물질 중 하나이며, 환경 및 인체에 독성이 적은 친환경 에너지물질로 알려져 군사적 목적 외에 다양한 가스발생제로서 사용되고 있다. 특히 무기염이 아닌 유기염인 Guanidine 염(GDN)은 수분에 대한 안정성이 향상되어 안정적 보관 및 제조가 가능하므로 고순도 물질의 대량 생산이 가능하다. GDN의 출발물질로 guanidine의 음이온 염인 acetate, chloride, carbonate, nitrate, sulfate를 사용하여, GDN(GDN-1,2,3,4,5)을 최대 99%의 수율로 합성하였고, 이들의 물성을 다양한 분석기기를 이용하여 평가하였다. 흡수파장은 3452, 3402, 3354, 3278, 3208, 1642, 1570, 1492, 1416, 1337, 1179, $1000cm^{-1}$이 공통적으로 관찰되었으며, 열적 특성 변화는 $130^{\circ}C$에서 일어나기 시작하며 $150^{\circ}C{\sim}160^{\circ}C$에서는 발열반응과 함께 물질의 변화가 관찰되었다.

Keywords

References

  1. Mahanta abhay K, Recent advances in development of eco-friendly solid composite propellants for rocket propulsion, Research Journal of Chemistry & Environment, 14(3), (2010).
  2. Martin Rahm, "Green Propellants", Doctoral Thesis, Physical Chemistry, KTH Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden,(2010).
  3. Nagamachi, M. Y., Oliveira, J. I. S., Kawamoto, A. M., Dutra, R. C. L., ADN-The new oxidizer around the corner for an environmentally friendly smokeless propellant, Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management, 1(2), 153-160, (2009). https://doi.org/10.5028/jatm.2009.0102153160
  4. YANG Xing, XU Kang-zhen, ZHAO Feng-qi, YANG Xin, WANG Han, SONG Ji-rong and WANG Yao-yu, Thermal Behavior, Specific Heat Capacity and Adiabatic Time-to-explosion of GDN. CHEM. RES. CHINESE UNIVERSITIES, 25 (1), 76-80 (2009)
  5. 김우람, 황산, 권윤자, 조영민, 박영철, 포타슘디나이트라마이드의 합성에 대한 술팜산 칼륨의 영향 연구, 한국유화학회지, 30(1), 57-63 (2013)
  6. Langlet et al., Method of preparing dinitramidic acid and salts thereof, US patent, 5976483, (1999).
  7. Nazeri, G.H, Mastour, R., Fayaznia, M., Keyghobadi, P., Synthesis of Ammonium Dinitramide by Nitration of Potassium and Ammonium Sulfamate. The Effect of Sulfamate Conterion on ADN Purity, Iran. J. Chem. Chem. Eng. 27(1), 85-89, (2008).

Cited by

  1. Synthesis and Characterization of Guanidine Dinitramide Crystal vol.26, pp.6, 2015, https://doi.org/10.14478/ace.2015.1114
  2. Synthesis and Characterization of Pyridinium Dinitramide Salt vol.27, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.14478/ace.2016.1049