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Guides for Pain Clinicians?

  • Yoon, Kyung Bong (Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University Health System)
  • 투고 : 2014.09.18
  • 심사 : 2014.09.19
  • 발행 : 2014.10.01

초록

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Wilkinson I, Cohen SP. Epidural steroids for spinal pain and radiculopathy: a narrative, evidence-based review. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2013; 26: 562-72. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0b013e3283628e87
  2. Lirk P, Kolbitsch C, Putz G, Colvin J, Colvin HP, Lorenz I, et al. Cervical and high thoracic ligamentum flavum frequently fails to fuse in the midline. Anesthesiology 2003; 99: 1387-90. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000542-200312000-00023
  3. Lirk P, Moriggl B, Colvin J, Keller C, Kirchmair L, Rieder J, et al. The incidence of lumbar ligamentum flavum midline gaps. Anesth Analg 2004; 98: 1178-80.
  4. Lirk P, Colvin J, Steger B, Colvin HP, Keller C, Rieder J, et al. Incidence of lower thoracic ligamentum flavum midline gaps. Br J Anaesth 2005; 94: 852-5. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aei133
  5. Yoon SP, Kim HJ, Choi YS. Anatomic variations of cervical and high thoracic ligamentum flavum. Korean J Pain 2014; 27: 321-5. https://doi.org/10.3344/kjp.2014.27.4.321
  6. Lee Y, Tanaka M, Carvalho JC. Sonoanatomy of the lumbar spine in patients with previous unintentional dural punctures during labor epidurals. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2008; 33: 266-70. https://doi.org/10.1097/00115550-200805000-00012
  7. Borges BC, Wieczorek P, Balki M, Carvalho JC. Sonoanatomy of the lumbar spine of pregnant women at term. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2009; 34: 581-5. https://doi.org/10.1097/AAP.0b013e3181bfbe99
  8. Chin KJ, Karmakar MK, Peng P. Ultrasonography of the adult thoracic and lumbar spine for central neuraxial blockade. Anesthesiology 2011; 114: 1459-85. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e318210f9f8
  9. Naemura K. Effect of arching spine on deformation of the ligamentum flavum during epidural needle insertion. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2012; 2012: 3344-7.