Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition (한국식품영양과학회)
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Job Satisfaction and Engagement of School Food Service Dietitians and Nutrition Teachers in Chungbuk

충북지역 학교급식 영양(교)사의 직무만족 및 몰입도

  • Kim, Joon Young (Graduate School of Education, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Young Eun (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Chungbuk National University)
  • Received : 2013.10.22
  • Accepted : 2014.05.01
  • Published : 2014.06.30
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to gather basic data and measure job satisfaction and job engagement of dietitians and nutrition teachers in Chungbuk area. This study was conducted on 20 August, 2010. Out of 336 questionnaires, 266 were completed and made available for the purpose of statistical evaluation. As the main results, job satisfaction was classified into eight categories: task, wage, policies related to tasks, professional growth, promotion, relationships with colleagues, working environment, and supervision. In the case of wage, promotion, and policies related to tasks, the average scores of job satisfaction were around 2 points out of 5. Dietitians' job satisfaction levels according to employment type and school type significantly differed. In terms of job involvement and organizational commitment, average scores were 3.53 points and 3.12 points respectively. The survey showed significantly different results for job involvement and organizational commitment, depending on employment type, school type, and status as chef in charge or trainee. Dietitians working in elementary schools, as chef in charge, or with permanent employment showed higher job involvement and organizational commitment. Furthermore, there was a significantly positive correlation between factors such as task, wage, promotion, relationships with colleagues, supervision, work environment, policies related to tasks, professional growth, and job satisfaction.

본 연구는 충북지역 학교급식의 영양(교)사를 대상으로 영양(교)사의 직무만족도와 직무몰입 조직몰입을 조사함으로써 향후 학교급식의 질적 향상에 기초가 되는 자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 조사대상 영양(교)사의 일반사항에 대해 살펴보면 연령은 30대가 경우가 39.7%, 40대 이상 35.0%였고, 대학교 졸업 이상이 86.9%였고, 경력은 1년 미만이 57.5%였고, 1~5년 미만이 24.39%였으며, 고용형태는 정규직이 51.9%로 나타났고, 학교형태는 초등학교가 52.8%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 고등학교가 24.3%, 중학교가 22.9% 순으로 나타났고 근무지역은 도시가 55.6%로 나타났다. 영양(교)사의 직무만족도를 분석하기 위해 46개의 속성을 직무자체, 임금(보수), 승진, 동료와의 관계, 감독, 근무환경, 업무 관련 정책, 전문성 신장의 8개 영역으로 구분 후 각 직무만족 및 영역의 점수를 조사한 결과 직무만족 영역별 점수는 직무 자체 영역은 평균 3.21점, 동료와의 관계 영역은 3.31점, 감독 영역은 3.21점, 근무환경 영역은 3.08점, 전문성신장 영역은 3.40점으로 8개 영역 중 5개 영역에서 3점대로 보통 수준이었으나, 임금 영역은 2.43점, 승진 영역은 2.00점, 업무 관련 정책 영역은 2.59점으로 나타났다. 영양(교)사의 직무 및 조직 몰입도를 분석하기 위해 17개 속성을 직무몰입, 조직몰입의 2개의 영역으로 구분 후 몰입도 영역별 결과 직무몰입이 3.53점으로 나타났으며, 조직몰입이 3.12점, 전체적인 몰입도가 3.29점으로 나타나 직무 및 조직 몰입도는 보통 수준을 나타내는 것으로 분석되었다. 직무만족도 요인과 직무 및 조직몰입도 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 직무만족도 관련 영역과 직무몰입도 관련 영역 간에는 양(+)의 방향으로 유의한 상관관계가 있었으며 각 변인들의 상관관계는 0.128~0.957로 나타났다. 8개의 영역으로 구성된 직무만족도에 관한 설문에서 직무 자체, 동료와의 관계, 감독, 근무환경, 전문성 신장의 5개 영역의 직무만족도는 3점대로 보통 수준이었으나, 임금, 승진, 업무 관련 정책영역은 2점대로 '만족하지 않는다'로 나타나 만족도가 낮은 것으로 분석되었다. 고용형태와 학교유형에 따라 영양(교)사의 직무만족도는 유의한 차이를 나타냈으며(P<0.001) 비정규직보다 정규직이, 중학교와 고등학교보다 초등학교 집단의 만족도가 높게 나타났다. 직무몰입의 평균값은 3.53점, 조직몰입의 평균값은 3.12점, 전체적인 몰입도는 3.29점으로 나타나 직무 및 조직 몰입도는 보통 수준인 것으로 나타났다. 직무만족도 관련 영역과 직무몰입도 관련 영역간에는 양(+)의 방향으로 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 학교급식에서 동일한 업무를 하고 있는 영양(교)사들에게 있어 정규직과 비정규직의 임금이 3.20점과 1.60점으로 임금에 대한 직무만족의 격차가 매우 크고 영역별 직무만족에서도 임금에 대한 만족도가 낮았다. 임금과 몰입도의 상관관계에서는 유의적인 양적 상관관계로 나타나 임금에 대한 만족여부가 직무, 조직몰입에도 영향을 미치고 있었다. 이에 임금에 대한 비정규직 영양사들의 바람직한 급식의 실시와 효율적인 인력관리를 위하여 임금체제의 개선이 이루어져야 한다. 또한 영양교사는 초등학교에 많이 배치되어 있고 비정규직 영양사들은 중학교와 고등학교에 집중적으로 배치되어 있는 것이 1일 1배식과 2, 3배식의 차이로 나타나 동일한 업무를 더 많이 수행해야 하는 2, 3식에 대한 임금 개선 역시 필요하다. 영양교사는 부장교사, 장학사, 교감의 승진으로의 기본 자격 조건인 1급 정교사가 아니며 비정규직인 계약직 영양사 역시 승진에 대한 현재 마련된 기준이 없다. 정규직 영양교사와 비정규직 영양교사의 승진에 대한 직무만족도는 영역별 평가 중 가장 낮은 만족도를 나타내었고, 몰입도와의 상관관계에서 정적인 상관관계를 보여주어 승진에 대한 만족도가 몰입에 대한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으므로 이에 대한 개선을 위해 승진할 수 있는 체계적인 평정기준이 마련되어야 한다고 사료된다.

Keywords

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