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Physical property analysis of sediments for development of maritime archaeological survey techniques

수중문화재 탐사기법 개발을 위한 퇴적물 물성분석

  • Kim, Sung-Bo (Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Dong-A University) ;
  • Ko, Eun-Ji (Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Dong-A University) ;
  • Jung, Yong-Hwa (National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Lee, Young-Hyun (National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Hoo (Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Dong-A University)
  • Received : 2013.11.06
  • Accepted : 2014.03.10
  • Published : 2014.03.31

Abstract

Since distribution and preservation of cultural artifacts in the submarine sediments are directly affected by not only ocean currents and tides, but also their composition, it is very important to investigate geological characteristics of sediments and ocean-sediment interactions for maritime archaeological survey. Physical properties of submarine sediments, which are collected by grab sampler and vibro-corer, are analyzed in order to investigate effects of submarine environment on development of maritime archaeological survey techniques. Result of physical property analysis showed that bulk density, shear strength, and magnetic susceptibility increase with depth, while water contents and porosity decrease with depth. Since the magnetic susceptibility of bedrock is about 40 times that of submarine sediments, it might impact greatly on the response of magnetic survey. Physical properties of sediments with depth and sediment classification by Folk's ternary diagram indicate that submarine sediment mainly consists of silt, and cultural artifacts can not penetrate no deeper than 1.5 m in sediments.

수중부에서의 유물의 분포와 보존은 해류와 조류 등의 유수의 작용에 직접적인 영향을 받을 뿐만 아니라 해저를 구성하는 퇴적물의 조성에 지대한 영향을 받으므로 수중문화재 조사에 있어서 해저부의 표층 퇴적물에 대한 지질학적 특징과 이로부터 해양작용의 특성을 파악하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 그랩 채취기와 진동식 시추기를 이용해 퇴적물 시료를 채취하여 해저 퇴적물의 물성을 파악하였으며, 이를 통하여 해저환경이 수중문화재 탐사기법 개발에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 해저 퇴적물 주상시료에 대해 물성분석 결과 밀도, 전단강도, 대자율 등은 깊이에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 함수율, 공극률 등은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 주변암석의 대자율이 퇴적물의 대자율에 비해 약 40배 이상 크게 나타나 자력탐사에 큰 영향을 끼치는 것으로 생각된다. 깊이에 따른 물성 변화와 Fol's 분류표에 의해 퇴적물의 유형을 분류한 자료를 분석 했을 때 해저퇴적물은 주로 실트로 구성되어 있으며, 유물은 해저면에서 깊이 1.5 m 이상 침투하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

References

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  1. 태안 마도3호선 잔존과 퇴적물 물성의 연계성 vol.41, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.5916/jkosme.2017.41.3.269