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An Analysis on Economic Effects of Sectoral SOC Investment

부문별 사회간접자본(SOC)의 경제적 파급효과 분석

  • Kim, Myeongsoo (Department of Economics, The Catholic University of Korea)
  • Received : 2014.02.03
  • Accepted : 2014.04.16
  • Published : 2014.05.31

Abstract

Currently Welfare is emphasized and the trend of SOC investment shows downwards slopping. The pattern of SOC investment also changes focusing on railroad as environmental issues are critical. This study analyzes and compares the effects of sectoral SOC investments based on Input-Output Tables published by BOK (Bank of Korea). The production inducement, value-added inducement, and employment inducement effects of each sector SOC, which consist of road, railroad, port, and airport, are investigated. First, in view production inducement, sectoral SOC investments have stronger economic effects than manufacture sector. The investment of port and road show the highest value-added inducement in construction process. The investment of road records the highest employment inducement in construction and operation process. The empirical ananlysis of regional economic effects, using Regional Input-Output Tables, supports these explanation showing almost same results. As synthesizing these results, the SOC stocks have to be invested consistently for long periods. Especially the road investment is inevitable for employment. Which sector of SOC is invested depends on circumstances. If government emphasizes production inducement, railroad is invested. If focuses on value-added inducement, port.

최근 복지부문에 대한 관심이 커지면서, 복지 예산은 증가하고 SOC투자에 대한 예산은 감소하는 추세이다. 그리고 도로 중심으로 투자되던 과거 SOC 투자패턴에서 철도 등 다른 부문의 투자를 늘리는 부문간 조정도 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 산업연관분석을 통해 부문별 SOC투자의 경제적 파급효과를 분석해 보았다. 도로, 철도, 항만, 공항 등 부문별 생산유발, 부가가치유발, 고용유발효과를 각각 비교 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과 먼저 건설단계에서 SOC 투자의 경제적 파급효과는 대부분 제조업 보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 건설단계에서 생산유발효과는 철도부문 SOC가 가장 크게 나타났으며, 항만 및 도로부문의 SOC 투자는 부가가치 유발효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 특히 도로 SOC 투자의 고용유발 계수는 건설 및 운영단계에서 압도적으로 높은 수준으로 분석되었다. 분석결과가 시사하는 바는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 경제적 파급효과라는 측면에서는 SOC 투자는 지속되어야 하며 제고되어야 한다. 특히 고용문제를 생각한다면 도로를 중심으로 한 SOC투자는 필수적이다. 그리고 정부가 부가가치 유발 또는 생산유발 어디에 중점을 둘 것인지에 따라 SOC 부문간 투자조정은 달라질 것 같다. 생산유발효과를 극대화하려면 철도부문, 부가가치 유발을 높이려면 항만부문을, 고용 유발을 위해서는 도로부문 투자에 초점을 맞추어야 할 것이다.

Keywords

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