해양환경안전학회지 (Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety)

  • 제20권2호
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  • Pages.143-156
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  • 2014
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  • 1229-3431(pISSN)
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  • 2287-3341(eISSN)
해양환경안전학회 (The Korean Society of Marine Environment and safety)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

바다모래 채취 시 해수 수질 및 생태계 영향에 대한 해양환경조사 개선 방안

Improvements in the Marine Environmental Survey on Impact of Seawater Qualities and Ecosystems due to Marine Sand Mining

  • 김영태 (국립수산과학원 해역이용영향평가센터) ;
  • 김귀영 (국립수산과학원 해역이용영향평가센터) ;
  • 전경암 (국립수산과학원 해역이용영향평가센터) ;
  • 엄기혁 (국립수산과학원 해역이용영향평가센터) ;
  • 김인철 (국립수산과학원 해역이용영향평가센터) ;
  • 최보람 (국립수산과학원 해역이용영향평가센터) ;
  • 김희정 (국립수산과학원 해역이용영향평가센터) ;
  • 김진민 (국립수산과학원 해역이용영향평가센터)
  • Kim, Yeong-Tae (Marine Environmental Impact Assessment Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Gui-Young (Marine Environmental Impact Assessment Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Jeon, Kyeong-Am (Marine Environmental Impact Assessment Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Eom, Ki-Hyuk (Marine Environmental Impact Assessment Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, In-Chul (Marine Environmental Impact Assessment Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Choi, Bo-Ram (Marine Environmental Impact Assessment Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Hee-Jung (Marine Environmental Impact Assessment Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Min (Marine Environmental Impact Assessment Center, National Fisheries Research & Development Institute)
  • 투고 : 2014.02.07
  • 심사 : 2014.04.25
  • 발행 : 2014.04.30
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초록

본 연구에서는 우리나라의 주변 해역에서 바다모래 채취 시 발생되는 현탁류에 대해 5년간(2008년~2012년) 해양환경조사서 내 조사 현황을 검토하였다. 이 기간 동안 연 근해역 내 7곳(남해 EEZ, 서해 EEZ, 서해 EEZ 변경 단지, 태안군 관할 해역, 안산시 관할 해역, 옹진군 관할 해역 2곳)의 바다모래 채취구역 중 2곳(EEZs와 연안역 내 채취 구역 각각 1곳)에서 현탁류 내 부유토사의 확산과 이동에 관한 현장 관측이 수행되었다. 그러나 해역별 해양물리적, 지형적 특성과 기상 조건을 반영한 조사 정점 및 범위를 선정한 사례는 확인되지 않았다. 조류, 파랑, 바람장, 수심, 하계 성층화 등의 영향에 의해 부유토사는 바다모래 채취 구역을 넘어 훨씬 더 먼 거리까지 이동될 수 있다. 따라서 바다모래 채취 과정에서 해저층 퇴적물의 재부유, 그리고 준설선박의 여수토와 배사관에서 배출되는 월류수 등에서 기인한 부유토사의 확산에 대해 집중 모니터링 방안과 세부 조사 기법의 도입이 필요하다. 또한 현탁류의 확산 경로상에서 부유물질, 영양염, 중금속 등의 오염물질로 인해 주변 해양환경과 유용 수산생물이 포함된 해양생태계 등에 미치는 누적 영향을 추적하고, 환경 피해를 최소화하기 위한 통합 지침안을 마련해야 한다.

We reviewed investigation status on turbidity plume in the statement of marine environmental survey(2008 to 2012) associated with marine sand extraction projects. The survey statement from seven marine sand extraction sites (extraction area of Southern EEZ, extraction area of Western EEZ, relocation zone in the Western EEZ, sea area under jurisdiction of Taean-gun, sea area under jurisdiction of Ansan City, and two discrete sea areas under jurisdiction of Ongjin-gun) in the nearshore and offshore of Korea showed that in situ observations were carried out for the dispersion and transport of suspended sediments on two areas (One is a extraction area in the EEZs, the other is an area of coastal sites). However, sampling station and range have not been selected considering physical, geographical factors (tide, wave, stratification, water depth, etc.) and weather conditions (wind direction and velocity, fetch, duration, etc). Especially turbidity plumes originating from three sources, which include suspended sediments in overflow(or overspill) discharged from spillways and reject chutes of dredging vessel, and resuspended sediments from draghead at the seabed, may be transported to a far greater distance outside the boundary of the extraction site and have undesirable impacts on the marine environment and ecosystem. We address that behaviour of environmental pollutants such as suspended solids, nutrients, and metals should be extensively monitored and diagnosed during the dispersion and transport of the plume. Finally we suggest the necessity to supplement the current system of the sea area utilization consultation and establish the combined guidelines on marine sand extraction to collect basic data, to monitor cumulative effects, and to minimize environmental damages incurred by the aftermath of sand extraction.

키워드

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