Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science

  • 제1권2호
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  • Pages.233-251
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  • 2014
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  • 2287-528X(pISSN)
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  • 2287-5271(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
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Design criteria for birdstrike damage on windshield

  • Marulo, Francesco (Department of Industrial Engineering - Aerospace branch, University of Naples "Federico II") ;
  • Guida, Michele (Department of Industrial Engineering - Aerospace branch, University of Naples "Federico II")
  • 투고 : 2013.11.27
  • 심사 : 2014.01.19
  • 발행 : 2014.03.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Each aircraft have to be certified for a specified level of impact energy, for assuring the capability of a safe flight and landing after the impact against a bird at cruise speed. The aim of this research work was to define a scientific and methodological approach to the study of the birdstrike phenomenon against several windshield geometries. A series of numerical simulations have been performed using the explicit finite element solver code LS-Dyna, in order to estimate the windshield-surround structure capability to absorb the bird impact energy, safely and efficiently, according to EASA Certification Specifications 25.631 (2011). The research considers the results obtained about a parametric numerical analysis of a simplified, but realistic, square flat windshield model, as reported in the last work (Grimaldi et al. 2013), where this model was subjected to the impact of a 1.8 kg bird model at 155 m/s to estimate the sensitivity of the target geometry, the impact angle, and the plate curvature on the impact response of the windshield structure. Then on the basis of these results in this paper the topic is focused about the development of a numerical simulation on a complete aircraft windshield-surround model with an innovative configuration. Both simulations have used a FE-SPH coupled approach for the fluid-structure interaction. The main achievement of this research has been the collection of analysis and results obtained on both simplified realistic and complete model analysis, addressed to approach with gained confidence the birdstrike problem. Guidelines for setting up a certification test, together with a design proposal for a test article are an important result of such simulations.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. European Aviation Safety Agency, CS-25.631 Bird strike damage - certification specifications and acceptable means of compliance for large aeroplanes, Annex to ED Decision 2011/004/R.
  2. Federal Aviation Administration, Dept. of Transportation (2003), "Bird strike damage," Part 25 Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category Airplanes, Sec. 25.631, Washington, D.C.
  3. Georgiadis, S., Gunnion, A.J., Thomson, R.S. and Cartwright, B.K. (2008), "Birdstrike simulation for certification of the boeing 787 composite moveable trailing edge", Comput. Struct., 86, 258-268.
  4. Grimaldi, A., Sollo, A., Guida, M. and Marulo, F. (2013), "Parametric study of a SPH high velocity impact analysis: A birdstrike windshield application", Comput. Struct., 96, 616-630, DOI. 10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.09.037.
  5. Guida, M., Marulo, F., Meo, M. and Riccio, M. (2008), "Analysis of bird impact on a composite tailplane leading edge". App. Comput. Mat., 15(4-6), 241-257, DOI: 10.1007/s10443-008-9070-6.
  6. Guida, M., Marulo, F., Meo, M. and Russo, S. (2013), "Certification by birdstrike analysis on C27J fullscale ribless composite leading edge". Int. J. Imp. Eng., 54, 105-113, DOI. 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2012.10.002.
  7. Guida, M., Marulo, F., Meo, M., Grimaldi, A. and Olivares, G. (2011) "SPH - Lagrangian study of bird impact on leading edge wing". Comput. Struct. 93(3), 1060-1071. DOI: 1016/j.compstruct.2010.10.001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2010.10.001
  8. Guida, M., Marulo, F., Polito, T., Meo, M. and Riccio, M. (2009), "Design and testing of a fiber metal laminate bird strike resistant leading edge". J. Aircraft, 46(6), 2121-2129, DOI: 10.2514/1.43943.
  9. Hallquist, J.C. (2006), "LS-Dyna Theory Manual" v1.0, Livermore Software Technology Corporation.
  10. Hanssen, A., Girard, Y., Olovsson, L., Berstad, T. and Langseth, M. (2006), "A numerical model for birdstrike of aluminium foam-based sandwich panels", Int. J. Imp. Eng., 32, 1127-1144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2004.09.004
  11. Heimbs, S. (2011), "Computational methods for bird strike simulations: A review". Comput. Struct., 89(23-24), 2093-2112. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2011.08.007.
  12. Liu, J., Li, Y. and Xu, F. (2008), "The numerical simulation of a bird-impact on an aircraft windshield by using the SPH method", Adv. Mat. Res., 33, 851-856.
  13. Meo, M., Marulo, F., Guida, M. and Russo, S. (2013), "Shape memory alloy hybrid composites for aeronautical applications". Comput. Struct., 95, 756-766. DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.08.011.
  14. Monaghan, J.J. (1992), "Smoothed particle hydrodynamics", Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys., 30, 543-574. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.aa.30.090192.002551
  15. Salehi, H., Ziaei-Rad, S. and Vaziri-Zanjani, M.A. (2010), "Bird impact effects on different types of aircraft bubble windows using numerical and experimental methods", Int. J. Crash., 15, 93-106. https://doi.org/10.1080/13588260903047689
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  17. Yang, J., Cai, X. and Wu, C. (2003), "Experimental and fem study of windshield subjected to high speed bird impact", Acta Mech. Sin., 19, 543-550. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02484547

피인용 문헌

  1. Soft impacts on aerospace structures vol.81, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2015.11.005
  2. Numerical analysis of collision of the multimaterial bird model with helicopter windshield vol.42, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1515/jok-2017-0015
  3. Application of mathematical modeling for certification of superjet-100 airplane vol.2, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1007/s42401-019-00029-7
  4. A Sensitivity Analysis of the Damage Behavior of a Leading-Edge Subject to Bird Strike vol.10, pp.22, 2014, https://doi.org/10.3390/app10228187
  5. A review of the bird impact process and validation of the SPH impact model for aircraft structures vol.129, pp.None, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2021.100787