참고문헌
- Badaut, J., Lasbennes, F., Magistretti, P.J., and Regli, L. (2002). Aquaporins in brain: distribution, physiology, and pathophysiology. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 22, 367-378. https://doi.org/10.1097/00004647-200204000-00001
- Batchelor, P.E., Liberatore, G.T., Wong, J.Y., Porritt, M.J., Frerichs, F., Donnan, G.A., and Howells, D.W. (1999). Activated macrophages and microglia induce dopaminergic sprouting in the injured striatum and express brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. J. Neurosci. 19, 1708-1716.
- Chao, C.C., Hu, S., Molitor, T.W., Shaskan, E.G., and Peterson, P.K. (1992). Activated microglia mediate neuronal cell injury via a nitric oxide mechanism. J. Immunol. 149, 2736-2741.
- Chih, C.P., and Roberts Jr, E.L. (2003). Energy substrates for neurons during neural activity: a critical review of the astrocyteneuron lactate shuttle hypothesis. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 23, 1263-1281. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.WCB.0000081369.51727.6F
- David, J.C., Yamada, K.A., Bagwe, M.R., and Goldberg, M.P. (1996). AMPA receptor activation is rapidly toxic to cortical astrocytes when desensitization is blocked. J. Neurosci. 16, 200-209.
- de Bock, F., Derijard, B., Dornand, J., Bockaert, J., and Rondouin, G. (1998). The neuronal death induced by endotoxic shock but not that induced by excitatory amino acids requires TNF-alpha. Eur. J. Neurosci. 10, 3107-3114. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.1998.00317.x
- Elkabes, S., DiCicco-Bloom, E.M., and Black, I.B. (1996). Brain microglia/macrophages express neurotrophins that selectively regulate microglial proliferation and function. J. Neurosci. 16, 2508-2521.
- Ermakova, I.V., Loseva, E.V., Hodges, H., and Sinden, J. (2005). Transplantation of cultured astrocytes attenuates degenerative changes in rats with kainic acid-induced brain damage. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 140, 677-681. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-006-0052-0
- Giulian, D., Corpuz, M., Chapman, S., Mansouri, M., and Robertson, C. (1993). Reactive mononuclear phagocytes release neurotoxins after ischemic and traumatic injury to the central nervous system. J. Neurosci. Res. 36, 681-693. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.490360609
- Haj-Yasein, N.N., Jensen, V., Ostby, I., Omholt, S.W., Voipio, J., Kaila, K., Ottersen, O.P., Hvalby, O., and Nagelhus, E.A. (2012). Aquaporin-4 regulates extracellular space volume dynamics during high-frequency synaptic stimulation: a gene deletion study in mouse hippocampus. Glia 60, 867-874. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.22319
- Hoshi, A., Nakahara, T., Kayama, H., and Yamamoto, T. (2006). Ischemic tolerance in chemical preconditioning: possible role of astrocytic glutamine synthetase buffering glutamate-mediated neurotoxicity. J. Neurosci. Res. 84, 130-141. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.20869
- Howe, M.L., and Barres, B.A. (2012). A novel role for microglia in minimizing excitotoxicity. BMC Biol. 10, 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7007-10-7
- Jeong, H.K., Ji, K.M., Kim, B., Kim, J., Jou, I., and Joe, E.H. (2010). Inflammatory responses are not sufficient to cause delayed neuronal death in ATP-induced acute brain injury. PLoS One 5, e13756. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0013756
- Jeong, H.K., Ji, K., Min, K., and Joe, E.H. (2013a). Brain inflammation and microglia: facts and misconceptions. Exp. Neurobiol. 22, 59-67. https://doi.org/10.5607/en.2013.22.2.59
- Jeong, H.K., Ji, K.M., Kim, J., Jou, I., and Joe, E.H. (2013b). Repair of astrocytes, blood vessels, and myelin in the injured brain: possible roles of blood monocytes. Mol. Brain 6, 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-6606-6-28
- Jeong, H.K., Jou, I., and Joe, E.H. (2013c). Absence of delayed neuronal death in ATP-injected brain: possible roles of astrogliosis. Exp. Neurobiol. 22, 308-314. https://doi.org/10.5607/en.2013.22.4.308
- Ji, K.A., Yang, M.S., Jeong, H.K., Min, K.J., Kang, S.H., Jou, I., and Joe, E.H. (2007). Resident microglia die and infiltrated neutrophils and monocytes become major inflammatory cells in lipopolysaccharide-injected brain. Glia 55, 1577-1588. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20571
- Ji, K.A., Eu, M.Y., Kang, S.H., Gwag, B.J., Jou, I., and Joe, E.H. (2008). Differential neutrophil infiltration contributes to regional differences in brain inflammation in the substantia nigra pars compacta and cortex. Glia 56, 1039-1047. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20677
- Kaul, D.K., Liu, X.D., Choong, S., Belcher, J.D., Vercellotti, G.M., and Hebbel, R.P. (2004). Anti-inflammatory therapy ameliorates leukocyte adhesion and microvascular flow abnormalities in transgenic sickle mice. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 287, H293-301. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01150.2003
- Kaushal, V., and Schlichter, L.C. (2008). Mechanisms of microgliamediated neurotoxicity in a new model of the stroke penumbra. J. Neurosci. 28, 2221-2230. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5643-07.2008
- Kettenmann, H., and Schachner, M. (1985). Pharmacological properties of gamma-aminobutyric acid-, glutamate-, and aspartateinduced depolarizations in cultured astrocytes. J. Neurosci. 5, 3295-3301.
- Kim, J.H., Min, K.J., Seol, W., Jou, I., and Joe, E.H. (2010). Astrocytes in injury states rapidly produce anti-inflammatory factors and attenuate microglial inflammatory responses. J. Neurochem. 115, 1161-1171. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07004.x
- Koch, H.J., and Szecsey, A. (2000). A randomized controlled trial of prednisone in Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 55, 1067.
- Lehrmann, E., Kiefer, R., Christensen, T., Toyka, K.V., Zimmer, J., Diemer, N.H., Hartung, H.P., and Finsen, B. (1998). Microglia and macrophages are major sources of locally produced trans forming growth factor-beta1 after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Glia 24, 437-448. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199812)24:4<437::AID-GLIA9>3.0.CO;2-X
- Min, K.J., Jeong, H.K., Kim, B., Hwang, D.H., Shin, H.Y., Nguyen, A.T., Kim, J.H., Jou, I., Kim, B.G., and Joe, E.H. (2012). Spatial and temporal correlation in progressive degeneration of neurons and astrocytes in contusion-induced spinal cord injury. J. Neuroinflammation 9, 100. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-9-100
- Muller, H.W., and Seifert, W. (1982). A neurotrophic factor (NTF) released from primary glial cultures supports survival and fiber outgrowth of cultured hippocampal neurons. J. Neurosci. Res. 8, 195-204. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.490080209
- Myer, D.J., Gurkoff, G.G., Lee, S.M., Hovda, D.A., and Sofroniew, M.V. (2006). Essential protective roles of reactive astrocytes in traumatic brain injury. Brain 129, 2761-2772. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awl165
- Olsen, M.L., Higashimori, H., Campbell, S.L., Hablitz, J.J., and Sontheimer, H. (2006). Functional expression of Kir4.1 channels in spinal cord astrocytes. Glia 53, 516-528. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20312
- Raps, S.P., Lai, J.C., Hertz, L., and Cooper, A.J. (1989). Glutathione is present in high concentrations in cultured astrocytes but not in cultured neurons. Brain Res. 493, 398-401. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(89)91178-5
- Reines, S.A., Block, G.A., Morris, J.C., Liu, G., Nessly, M.L., Lines, C.R., Norman, B.A., and Baranak, C.C. (2004). Rofecoxib: no effect on Alzheimer's disease in a 1-year, randomized, blinded, controlled study. Neurology 62, 66-71. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.62.1.66
- Rothstein, J.D. (1995). Excitotoxic mechanisms in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Adv. Neurol. 68, 7-20; discussion 21-27.
- Rothstein, J.D., Martin, L.J., and Kuncl, R.W. (1992). Decreased glutamate transport by the brain and spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. N Engl. J. Med. 326, 1464-1468. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199205283262204
- Rothstein, J.D., Van Kammen, M., Levey, A.I., Martin, L.J., and Kuncl, R.W. (1995). Selective loss of glial glutamate transporter GLT-1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ann. Neurol. 38, 73-84. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.410380114
- Rothstein, J.D., Dykes-Hoberg, M., Pardo, C.A., Bristol, L.A., Jin, L., Kuncl, R.W., Kanai, Y., Hediger, M.A., Wang, Y., Schielke, J.P., et al. (1996). Knockout of glutamate transporters reveals a major role for astroglial transport in excitotoxicity and clearance of glutamate. Neuron 16, 675-686. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80086-0
- Ryu, J.K., Franciosi, S., Sattayaprasert, P., Kim, S.U., and McLarnon, J.G. (2004). Minocycline inhibits neuronal death and glial activation induced by beta-amyloid peptide in rat hippocampus. Glia 48, 85-90. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.20051
- Scali, C., Prosperi, C., Vannucchi, M.G., Pepeu, G., and Casamenti, F. (2000). Brain inflammatory reaction in an animal model of neuronal degeneration and its modulation by an antiinflammatory drug: implication in Alzheimer's disease. Eur. J. Neurosci. 12, 1900-1912. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00075.x
- Scharf, S., Mander, A., Ugoni, A., Vajda, F., and Christophidis, N. (1999). A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of diclofenac/ misoprostol in Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 53, 197-201. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.53.1.197
- Shi, W.Z., Qi, L.L., Fang, S.H., Lu, Y.B., Zhang, W.P., and Wei, E.Q. (2012). Aggravated chronic brain injury after focal cerebral ischemia in aquaporin-4-deficient mice. Neurosci. Lett. 520, 121-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2012.05.052
- Simard, M., and Nedergaard, M. (2004). The neurobiology of glia in the context of water and ion homeostasis. Neuroscience 129, 877-896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.053
- Streit, W.J. (2005). Microglia and neuroprotection: implications for Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev. 48, 234-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.12.013
- Tsacopoulos, M., and Magistretti, P.J. (1996). Metabolic coupling between glia and neurons. J. Neurosci. 16, 877-885.
- van Gool, W.A., Aisen, P.S., and Eikelenboom, P. (2003). Antiinflammatory therapy in Alzheimer's disease: is hope still alive? J. Neurol. 250, 788-792. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-003-1146-5
- Vinet, J., Weering, H.R., Heinrich, A., Kalin, R.E., Wegner, A., Brouwer, N., Heppner, F.L., Rooijen, N., Boddeke, H.W., and Biber, K. (2012). Neuroprotective function for ramified microglia in hippocampal excitotoxicity. J. Neuroinflammation 9, 27. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-9-27
- Yang, M.S., Min, K.J., and Joe, E. (2007). Multiple mechanisms that prevent excessive brain inflammation. J. Neurosci. Res. 85, 2298-2305. https://doi.org/10.1002/jnr.21254
- Zeng, X.N., Xie, L.L., Liang, R., Sun, X.L., Fan, Y., and Hu, G. (2012). AQP4 knockout aggravates ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. CNS Neurosci. Ther. 18, 388-394. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-5949.2012.00308.x
피인용 문헌
- PINK1 expression increases during brain development and stem cell differentiation, and affects the development of GFAP-positive astrocytes vol.9, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13041-016-0186-6
- p15INK4b regulates cell cycle signaling in hippocampal astrocytes of aged rats vol.28, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-015-0484-3
- Blood biomarkers for brain injury: What are we measuring? vol.68, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.05.009
- Effect of prenatal exposure to LPS combined with pre- and post-natal high-fat diet on hippocampus in rat offspring vol.286, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.12.002
- Metabolic Changes Following Perinatal Asphyxia: Role of Astrocytes and Their Interaction with Neurons vol.8, 2016, https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2016.00116
- Astrocytes and Microglia as Non-cell Autonomous Players in the Pathogenesis of ALS vol.25, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5607/en.2016.25.5.233
- Characterization of seizures induced by acute exposure to an organophosphate herbicide, glufosinate-ammonium vol.27, pp.7, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1097/WNR.0000000000000578
- Quantitative Evaluation of Changes in the Striatal Astrocyte Axons in Simulated Parkinsonism vol.160, pp.4, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-016-3208-6
- AParkinson's disease gene, DJ-1, repairs brain injury through Sox9 stabilization and astrogliosis vol.66, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.23258
- Pacific Ciguatoxin Induces Excitotoxicity and Neurodegeneration in the Motor Cortex Via Caspase 3 Activation: Implication for Irreversible Motor Deficit vol.55, pp.8, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-018-0875-5
- Astrocytes, Microglia, and Parkinson's Disease vol.27, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.5607/en.2018.27.2.77
- Neurointegrity and europhysiology: astrocyte, glutamate, and carbon monoxide interactions vol.9, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.4103/2045-9912.254639
- Kir4.1 is coexpressed with stemness markers in activated astrocytes in the injured brain and a Kir4.1 inhibitor BaCl2 negatively regulates neurosphere formation in culture vol.25, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2021.25.6.565