Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
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Initial Development of Forest Structure and Understory Vegetation after Clear-cut in Pinus densiflora Forest in Southern Gangwon-do Province

강원도 남부 지역에서 소나무림 개벌 후 초기 임분 구조 및 하층식생 발달

  • Bae, Kwan Ho (School of Ecology & Environmental System, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Jun Soo (Department of Forestry, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lee, Change Seok (School of Environment & Life Science, Seoul Women's University) ;
  • Cho, Hyun Je (School of Bioresource Sciences, Andong National University) ;
  • Lee, Ho Young (Forest Recreation and Culture Division, Korea Forest Service) ;
  • Cho, Yong Chan (Plant Conservation Division, Korea National Arboretum)
  • 배관호 (경북대학교 생태환경시스템학부) ;
  • 김준수 (경북대학교 임학과) ;
  • 이창석 (서울여자대학교 환경생명과학부) ;
  • 조현제 (안동대학교 생명자원과학부) ;
  • 이호영 (산림청 산림휴양문화과) ;
  • 조용찬 (국립수목원 산림자원보존과)
  • Received : 2013.10.11
  • Accepted : 2013.12.09
  • Published : 2014.03.31
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Abstract

Open- to closed canopy stage and it's ecological characteristics in vegetation succession are commonly described, but poorly understood in Korea. Vegetation development on structure, environment and understory abundance were studied for 16 yr in post-clearcut Pinus densiflora forests in the southern Gangwon-do province by applying space-for-time approach. We sampled 210 plots (10 for structure and 200 for understory) for four seral stages (1yr, 3yr, 10yr and 16yr). After clear-cut, mean stem density increased gradually to $5,714{\pm}645$ stems/ha after 16 years and mean basal area was also from $5.5{\pm}0.7m^2/ha$ after 10 years and doubled at $10.0{\pm}1.6m^2/ha$ in 16 years. Woody debris and bared soil on the forest floor peaked at 11--- after 10 years and at 10.3--- after 3 years, respectively. In understory mean cover declined with all growth form groups following succession, but in richness, forb specie increased with structural development during 16 years. Our study suggested that overstory development did not suppressed whole understory properties especially in richness, thus appeared to act as a filter selectively constraining the understory characteristics. However only long-term studies are essential for elucidating patterns and processes that cannot be inferred form short-term or space-for-time researches. Strong negative relationship between overstory and understory characteristics in conventional models surely reexamined.

천이 모형과 같이 임분 교란 후 수관 닫힘 단계까지의 다양한 생태적 특성 변화에 관한 많은 연구가 있으나 우리나라는 다양한 연구가 수행되고 있지 않다. 본 연구는 강원도 남부 소나무림 개벌 후 임분 구조, 환경 및 하층식생 풍부성의 경시적 변화 추이를 발달 단계별(1yr, 3yr, 10yr 및 16yr)로 분석하였다. 임분구조 분석 결과, 벌채 후, 평균 줄기 밀도는 16yr에 $5,714{\pm}645$ stems/ha 까지 점차 증가하였고, 평균 기저면적 역시 10yr에 $5.5{\pm}0.7m^2/ha$, 그리고 이후 $16yr(10.0{\pm}1.6m^2/ha)$)까지 거의 두 배로 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 숲 바닥의 나무 잔해 및 토양 노출도는 16yr의 11% 및 3yr의 10.3%에서 각각 최고점을 나타낸 후 감소하는 경향이었다. 하층식생 피도는 16년 동안의 임분구조 발달에 따라 모든 생육형에서 모두 감소하는 경향이었으나, 광엽 초본의 종풍부도는 반대로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 특히, 임분의 상층식생 발달은 하층 식생 속성을 억누르기 보다는 필터 역할과 같이 선택적 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각되었다. 본 연구와 더불어 보다 세밀한 생태 속성 변화를 관찰하기 위해서는 임분의 초기 발달 패턴과 과정에 대한 연속 모니터링이 중요하다.

Keywords

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