Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry

The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry (한국응용생명화학회)
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Characterization of Burcucumber Biochar and its Potential as an Adsorbent for Veterinary Antibiotics in Water

가시박 유래 바이오차의 특성 및 항생물질 흡착제로서의 활용가능성 평가

  • Lim, Jung Eun (Korea Biochar Research Center & Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Hae Won (Korea Biochar Research Center & Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Jeong, Se Hee (Korea Biochar Research Center & Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Lee, Sang Soo (Korea Biochar Research Center & Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Yang, Jae E (Korea Biochar Research Center & Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Kim, Kye Hoon (Department of Environmental Horticulture, The University of Seoul) ;
  • Ok, Yong Sik (Korea Biochar Research Center & Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University)
  • Received : 2013.04.28
  • Accepted : 2013.10.21
  • Published : 2014.03.31
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Abstract

Biochar (BC) from biomass pyrolysis is a carbonaceous material that has been used to remove various contaminants in the environment. The eliminatory action for burcucumber (Sicyos angulatus L.) as an invasive plant is being consistently carried out because of its harmfulness and ecosystem disturbance. In this study, burcucumber biomass was converted into BCs at different pyrolysis temperatures of 300 and $700^{\circ}C$ under a limited oxygen condition. Produced BCs were characterized and investigated to ensure its efficiency on antibiotics' removal in water. The adsorption experiment was performed using two different types of antibiotics, tetracycline (TC) and sulfamethazine (SMZ). For the BC pyrolyzed at a high temperature ($700^{\circ}C$), the values of pH, electrical conductivity, and the contents of ash and carbon increased whereas the yield, mobile matter, molar ratios of H/C and O/C, and functional groups decreased. Results showed that the efficiency of BCs on antibiotics' removal increased as pyrolysis temperature increased from 300 to $700^{\circ}C$ (38 to 99% for TC and 6 to 35% for SMZ). The reaction of ${\pi}-{\pi}$ EDA (electron-donor-acceptor) might be involved in antibiotics' adsorption to BCs. BC has potential to be a superior antibiotics' adsorbent with environmental benefit by recycling of waste/invasive biomass.

바이오차는 바이오매스의 열분해를 통해 생산되는 물질로써 최근 토양 내 탄소격리, 토양질 개선, 환경 중 오염물질의 정화 등에 우수한 효과가 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 외래 유해 식물인 가시박을 $300^{\circ}C$ 및 $700^{\circ}C$에서 열분해하여 바이오차를 생산하였으며, 생산된 바이오차에 대한 물리 화학적 특성평가 및 수용액 중 항생물질의 흡착제거연구를 실시하였다. 연구결과 열분해 온도가 증가함에 따라 생산된 가시박 바이오차의 pH, EC, 회분, 고정탄소함량은 증가하였으며, 수득률, 휘발분함량, 작용기는 감소하였다. 특히, H/C atomic ratio의 경우 바이오차의 방향성, O/C atomic ratio의 경우 극성과 관련된 인자로서 고온 열분해 시 바이오차의 방향성 구조의 형성이 촉진되었고, 반대로 극성작용기들이 제거되면서 극성은 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 고온에 의한 가시박 바이오매스의 인장 강도 감소로 인해 생산된 바이오차의 입자크기는 감소하였다. 수용액 중 항생물질 제거효율은 바이오차 생산 온도가 상승함에 따라 증가하였는데, BM, BC300 및 BC700의 항생물질 초기농도 대비 TC의 제거효율은 각각 38, 95, 99%, SMZ의 제거효율은 각각 6, 7, 35%인 것으로 나타나 TC에 대한 제거효율이 상대적으로 높았다. 가시박 바이오차에 의한 수용액 중 항생물질의 제거는 바이오차와 항생물질이 함유한 방향성 구조 간에 발생하는 ${\pi}-{\pi}$ EDA 작용에 의한 흡착제거기작에 기인한 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구결과 바이오차는 여러 유기오염물질의 제거에 광범위하게 적용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 이외에도 여러 가지 바이오매스, 다양한 열분해 온도조건 및 화학적 활성화를 통해 생산되는 바이오차의 특성평가와 실제 적용에 관한 연구가 필요하며, 오염물질의 제거와 동시에 토양 적용을 통한 탄소격리, 토양질 개선 등에 관한 연구도 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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