The Korean Journal of Medicine

The Korean Association of Internal Medicine (대한내과학회)
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Beta-Lactam Allergy and Cross-Reactivity

베타-락탐 항생제 알레르기 및 교차반응

  • Kim, Sang-Hoon (Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine)
  • 김상훈 (을지대학교 의과대학 을지병원 내과)
  • Published : 2014.12.01
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Abstract

Penicillins and cephalosporins are commonly prescribed beta-lactam antibiotics that are able to induce severe and sometimes even life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions. These reactions can be broadly classified as immediate or non-immediate/delayed depending on the onset of the reaction after the last drug administration. A definitive diagnosis of beta-lactam hypersensitivity is required to carry out the proper preventive measures. The diagnostic approach to beta-lactam allergy should be considered if the risk/possible benefit ratio is positive. In Korea, however, the diagnostic approach to beta-lactam allergy remains a major challenge. Major and minor determinants of penicillin for skin testing are unavailable, making skin testing appear to be less sensitive. Drug allergy work-ups that include standardized skin tests, reliable in vitro tests, and drug provocation tests are rarely carried out in clinical practice. However, screening patients without a prior history of beta-lactam allergy is routinely recommended. In this review, we discuss practical evaluation of beta-lactam allergy and cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins.

Keywords

References

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