DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

LQG design scheme for multiple vibration controllers in a data center facility

  • 투고 : 2013.10.26
  • 심사 : 2013.12.10
  • 발행 : 2014.03.25

초록

This study proposes a scheme to design control parameters for a data center facility with a vibration controller on its top floor and a secondary isolation device with its own vibration controller designed to protect vibration-sensitive computer equipment. The aim is to reduce the effects of acceleration and drift from an earthquake on computer servers placed on the isolation device that must operate during a seismic event. A linear elastic model is constructed and the evaluation function of the linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control is formulated. The relationship between the control parameters and the responses is examined, and based on the observations, a control parameter design scheme is constructed to reduce the responses of both the building and the computer server effectively.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Alhan, C. and Gavin, H.P. (2005), "Reliability of base isolation for the protection of critical equipment from earthquake hazards", Eng. Struct., 27(9), 1435-1449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.04.007
  2. Anderson, B.D.O. and Moore, J.B. (2005), Optimal filtering, Dover Publications, New York, NY, USA.
  3. Datta, T.K. (2003), "A state-of-the-art review on active control of structures", ISET J. Earthq. Technol., 40(1), 1-17.
  4. Fan, Y.C., Loh, C.H., Yang, J.N. and Lin, P.Y. (2009), "Experimental performance evaluation of an equipment isolation using MR dampers", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 38(3), 285-305. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.844
  5. Fukukita, A. and Takahashi, M. (2011), "Semi-active control for base isolated structure using response evaluator subjected to long-period earthquake ground motion", J. Syst. Des. Dyn., 5(8), 1674-1686.
  6. Gavin, H.P. and Zaicenco, A. (2007), "Performance and reliability of semi-active equipment isolation", J. Sound Vib., 306(1-2), 74-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2007.05.039
  7. Hamidi, M. and El Naggar, M.H. (2007), "On the performance of SCF in seismic isolation of the interior equipment", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 36(11), 1581-1604. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.708
  8. Kasai, K., Mita, A., Kitamura, H., Matsuda, K., Morgan, T.A., and Taylor, A.W. (2013), "Performance of seismic protection technologies during the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake", Earthq. Spectra, 29(S1), S265-S293. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.4000131
  9. Kurata, N., Kobori, T., Takahashi, M., Niwa, N. and Midorikawa, H. (1999), "Actual seismic response controlled building with semi-active damper system", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 28(11), 1219-1467. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9845(199911)28:11<1219::AID-EQE861>3.0.CO;2-G
  10. Lambrou, V. and Constantinou, M.C. (1994), "Study of seismic isolation systems for computer floors", Technical Report: NCEER-94-0020, National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research.
  11. Lin, P.Y., Lin, T.K. and Hwang, J.S. (2013), "A semi-active mass damping system for low- and mid-rise buildings", Earthq. Struct., 4(1), 63-84. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2013.4.1.063
  12. Liu, S. and Warn, G.P. (2012), "Seismic performance and sensitivity of floor isolation systems in steel plate shear wall structures", Eng. Struct., 42(9), 115-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.04.015
  13. Lu, L.Y. and Lin, G.L. (2008), "Predictive control of smart isolation system for precision equipment subjected to near-fault earthquakes", Eng. Struct., 30(11), 3045-3064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.04.016
  14. Mei, Z., Peng, Y. and Li, J. (2013), "Experimental and analytical studies on stochastic seismic response control of structures with MR dampers", Earthq. Struct., 5(4), 395-416. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2013.5.4.395
  15. Nagashima, I., Maseki, R., Shinozaki, Y., Yoyama, J. and Kohiyama, M. (2011), "Study on performance of semi-active base-isolation system using earthquake observation records", Proc. International Symposium on Disaster Simulation and Structural Safety in the Next Generation, Kobe, Japan, Paper No. 8, 7 pages, DVD.
  16. Naidu, D.S. (2003), Optimal control systems, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
  17. Reggio, A. and De Angelis, Maurizio (2013), "Optimal design of an equipment isolation system with nonlinear hysteretic behaviour", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 42(13), 1907-1930. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2304
  18. Japan Data Center Council (2013), Verification and reconsideration of data center facility standard in light of East Japan earthquake disaster. (in Japanese)
  19. Shi, Y., Becker, T.C., Furukawa, S., Sato, E. and Nakashima, M. (2013), "LQR control with frequency-dependent scheduled gain for a semi-active floor isolation system", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., DOI: 10.1002/eqe.2352.
  20. Simon, D. (2006), Optimal state estimation: Kalman, $H_{\infty}$, and nonlinear approaches, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, NJ, USA.
  21. Spencer, B.F.Jr. (1996), "Recent trends in vibration control in the U.S.A.", Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Motion and Vibration Control, Vol. II, Chiba, Japan, K1-K6.
  22. Spencer, B.F.Jr. and Nagarajaiah, S. (2003), "State of the art of structural control", J. Struct. Eng.- ASCE, 129(7), 845-856. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:7(845)
  23. Stengel, R.F. (1994), Optimal control and estimation, Dover Publications, New York, NY, USA.
  24. Symans, M.D. and Constantinou, M.C. (1999), "Semi-active control systems for seismic protection of structures: a state-of-the-art review", Eng. Struct., 21(6), 469-487. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00225-3
  25. Villaverde, R. (1997), "Seismic design of secondary structures: state of the art", J. Struct. Eng. - ASCE, 123(8), 1011-1019. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:8(1011)
  26. Xu, Y.L. and Li, B. (2008), "Experimental study of a hybrid platform for high-tech equipment protection against earthquake and microvibration", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 37(5), 747-767. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.784
  27. Xu, Y.L., Yu, Z.F. and Zhan, S. (2006), "Hybrid platform for high-tech equipment protection against earthquake and microvibration", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 35(8), 943-967. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.564
  28. Yoshida, K. (2001), "First building with semi-active base isolation", J. JPN Soc. Mech. Eng., 104(995), 48-52. (in Japanese)
  29. Yoshida, M., Kohiyama, M. and Takahashi, M. (2012), "Comparative study between centralized and decentralized LQR controls of a building-elevator system", Proceedings of 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal, Paper No. 2819, 10 pages.