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Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Butyltin Compounds in Marine Sediments from Ulsan Bay, Korea

울산만 퇴적물 내 유기주석화합물의 시공간적 분포 특성

  • Baek, Seung-Hong (Marine Environment Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI)) ;
  • Choi, Mminkyu (Marine Environment Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI)) ;
  • Lee, In-Seok (Marine Environment Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI)) ;
  • Lee, Jae-Hwan (Marine Environment Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI)) ;
  • Hwang, Dong-Woon (Marine Environment Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI)) ;
  • Kim, Sook-Yang (Marine Environment Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI))
  • 백승홍 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 최민규 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 이인석 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 이재환 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 황동운 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과) ;
  • 김숙양 (국립수산과학원 어장환경과)
  • Received : 2013.09.05
  • Accepted : 2013.12.18
  • Published : 2014.02.28

Abstract

Butyltin compounds (BTs) were determined in surface sediment samples from Ulsan Bay in 2009 and 2011, to assess the contamination status and the effectiveness of tributylin (TBT) restriction of Korea. Dibutyltin and TBT concentrations in sediments in 2011 ranged from 19.5 to 980 and 14.2 to 1204 ng Sn $g^{-1}$ dry weight, respectively. The highest TBT concentration was found in a big shipyard complex and the next highest was found in harbor, suggesting that harbor and shipyard activities are a major contamination source of TBT in Ulsan Bay. Concentrations of BTs in Ulsan Bay sediments were significantly lower in 2009 and 2011 than that in 2003 survey previously reported, probably as a consequence of the legislative action in Korea. However, TBT concentrations in sediments still exceeded ecotoxicological values. Therefore, it will be important to monitor and reduce TBT contamination in sediments until the levels fall well below ecotoxicological levels.

Tribuyltin (TBT)을 포함한 유기주석 방오도료의 국내 사용규제에 따른 저감효과를 평가하기 위해서, 국내에서 가장 큰 산업항 중 하나인 울산항 주변에서 2009년과 2011년에 채취한 퇴적물 내 유기주석화합물(butyltin compounds; BTs)을 정량하여 잔류수준과 공간적 분포를 조사하였다. 또한 2003년 조사결과와 비교하여 퇴적물 내 유기주석화합물 잔류의 장기경향을 조사하였다. 퇴적물 내 TBT의 농도범위는 14.2~1204 ng Sn $g^{-1}$ dry wt이었고, dibutyltin은 19.5~980 ng Sn $g^{-1}$ dry wt을 보였다. BTs의 가장 높은 농도는 대형조선소 부근에서 조사되었고, 다음으로 높은 농도는 울산항 컨테이너선 정박지 부근에서 조사되었다. 이것은 울산만에서 TBT의 가장 중요한 배출원은 선박활동을 포함한 해운산업과 관련 있음을 의미한다. 2003년, 2009년, 2011년의 BTs 농도를 비교한 결과, 퇴적물 내 TBT 농도는 유의한 수준으로 감소하고 있어서 국내 사용규제에 따른 저감 효과가 울산만에서도 나타나고 있었다. 해수와 생물내 농도감소는 보고된 적이 있지만, 규제 이후 퇴적물에서 유기주석화합물의 농도감소는 이번 연구에서 처음 보고되는 결과이다. 하지만, 퇴적물 내 BTs의 잔류수준은 생물학적 영향농도보다 높은 수준이었다. 따라서 울산만에서 유기주석화합물로 인한 오염에 대한 저감노력과 지속적인 모니터링이 필요하다.

Keywords

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