The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science (농약과학회지)

The Korean Society of Pesticide Science (한국농약과학회)
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Establishment Aerobic Soil Metabolism System Using [14C]Butachlor

[14C]Butachlor를 이용한 호기성 토양대사 시험법 확립

  • Kim, Ju-Hye (Analytical & Environmental Chemistry Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Hwan (Analytical & Environmental Chemistry Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Wook (Analytical & Environmental Chemistry Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology) ;
  • Lee, Bong-Jae (Analytical & Environmental Chemistry Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology) ;
  • Kim, Chan Sub (Agro-Material Safety Evaluation Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Ihm, Yangbin (Agro-Material Safety Evaluation Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science) ;
  • Seo, Jong-Su (Analytical & Environmental Chemistry Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology)
  • 김주혜 (한국화학연구원 부설 안전성평가연구소) ;
  • 김종환 (한국화학연구원 부설 안전성평가연구소) ;
  • 김대욱 (한국화학연구원 부설 안전성평가연구소) ;
  • 이봉재 (한국화학연구원 부설 안전성평가연구소) ;
  • 김찬섭 (국립농업과학원 농자재평가과) ;
  • 임양빈 (국립농업과학원 농자재평가과) ;
  • 서종수 (한국화학연구원 부설 안전성평가연구소)
  • Received : 2014.10.29
  • Accepted : 2014.11.14
  • Published : 2014.12.31
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Abstract

The test method of aerobic transformation in soil has established based on international test guideline (OECD TG 307). And then, the case study was conducted with [$^{14}C$]butachlor. Butachlor is commonly used herbicide in Korea. [$^{14}C$]Butachlor was treatrd $6.83mgKg^{-1}$ in loamy soil. The treated soil was incubated in flow-through system for 60 days. The mass balance of applied radioactivity (AR) ranged from 91.1 to 95.5% and from 93.0% to 97.7% for non-sterile and sterile soils, respectively. In non-sterile soil, the concentration of [$^{14}C$]butachlor was declined from 94.4% AR at 0 day to 8.4% AR at 60 days after treatment. 2-Chloro-2',6'-diethylacetanilide was the major degradation product detected in soil extract. The calculated $DT_{50}$ and $DT_{90}$ of butachlor were 10.4 days and 34.6 days, respectively. $^{14}CO_2$ and non-extractable soil residue were increased up to 3.5% and 43.5% AR at 60 DAT. There is no significant decrease of the [$^{14}C$]butachlor through the incubation period in sterile soil.

OECD Test guideline 307에 따라 확립한 토양대사 시험법으로, 호기성 토양 조건에서 [$^{14}C$]butachlor의 토양대사 시험을 실시하였다. 시험토양은 국내 밭토양의 대표적인 토성인 양토였으며, 비멸균 및 멸균토양에 [$^{14}C$]butachlor ($6.83mgKg^{-1}$)을 처리하고 flow-through system에서 60일간 배양하였다. 시험기간 동안 mass balance는 비멸균 토양과 멸균토양에서 각 처리방사능 대비 91.1~95.5%, 93.0~97.7% 수준이었다. 비멸균 토양의 경우 처리 후 60일 경과 시 처리방사능의 8.4%로 감소하였으며, $DT_{50}$과 $DT_{90}$은 10.4일과 34.6일이었다. 토양 추출액 중 주요대사산물 2-chloro-2',6'-diethylacetanilide이 검출되었다. $^{14}CO_2$ 및 비추출성 토양잔류물은 3.5%와 43.5% 수준이었다. 시험기간 중 멸균 토양 내 [$^{14}C$]butachlor의 분해는 거의 일어나지 않았다. 따라서 butahclor는 호기성 토양에서 미생물에 의해 빠르게 분해되어 주요 대사산물 2-chloro-2',6'-diethylacetanilide와 $CO_2$를 생성하거나 토양에 강하게 흡착되어 비추출성 잔류물로 존재하는 것으로 판단된다. 이를 통해 OECD guideline TG 307에 확립한 호기성토양대사 시험법은 농약의 위해성 평가를 위한 토양 동태 예측 있어 국내 활용에 적합할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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