Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
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The Analysis of the Factors of the Effectiveness of Science Teacher as Perceived by Students through the Perspective of Teacher Knowledge

교사 지식의 관점에서 학생들이 인식하는 과학 교사 효과성 요인 분석

  • Received : 2014.08.25
  • Accepted : 2014.10.14
  • Published : 2014.10.31
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Abstract

This study has investigated the factors that make a science teacher effective by analyzing students' perception of teacher knowledge required in enhancing their science learning. The basic components of teacher knowledge identified by previous researchers have been confirmed through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Based on the findings of the EFA, the questionnaire has been further analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) by means of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). In addition, the differences in students' perception on the identified factors of effectiveness have also been analyzed in terms of gender and achievement level. The findings of the EFA showed that five factors of science teacher effectiveness were identified; namely, substantive knowledge, syntactic knowledge, knowledge of students' understandings, knowledge of instructional strategies, and knowledge of assessment. These five components have been divided into two categories of teacher knowledge, SMK and PCK. What we found from the CFA was the respective high correlation between substantive and syntactic knowledge, knowledge of students' understanding and instructional strategies and the low correlation between substantive knowledge and knowledge of instructional strategies. Students perceived substantive knowledge as the most effective factor, knowledge of assessment as the least effective factor. Also, there have been considerable differences in students' perception by gender and achievement level. We proposed, based on the findings, that SMK and PCK need to be integrated into a coherent manner for the effective science teaching practice. This study provides some implications for science teacher professional development and the improvement of science teacher preparation program.

이 연구는 과학 학습을 증진시키는데 필요한 교사 지식에 대한 학생들의 인식을 분석함으로써 과학 교사 효과성 요인을 조사하였다. 선행 연구를 통해 규명된 기초적인 교사 지식의 요소들은 탐색적 요인 분석(EFA)에 의해 확인되었으며, EFA 결과를 토대로 구조방정식 모델을 활용하여 확인적 요인 분석(CFA)을 실시하였다. 또한, 규명된 교사 효과성 요인에 대한 학생들의 인식을 성별 및 학업 성취 수준별로 차이를 분석하였다. 탐색적 요인 분석 결과, 과학 교사 효과성 요인으로 5개 요인(실체론적 지식, 구문론적 지식, 교육과정 지식, 학생 이해지식, 교수 전략 지식, 학생 평가 지식)을 확인하였으며, 5개 요인들을 다시 두 개의 교사 지식 범주(SMK와 PCK)로 분류하였다. 확인적 요인 분석 결과 실체론적 지식과 구문론적 지식, 학생이해 지식과 교수전략 지식 간에 각각 높은 상관을 나타내었다. 과학 교사 효과성 요인 중 학생들은 실체론적 지식을 가장 중요한 요인으로 인식하였으며, 학생평가 지식을 가장 덜 중요한 요인으로 인식하고 있었다. 또한 과학교사 효과성 요인에 대해 성별 및 성취수준에 따라 상당한 인식의 차이를 나타내었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로, 효과적인 과학 수업실행을 위해서 SMK와 PCK가 정합적으로 통합될 필요가 있음을 제안하였다. 이 연구는 과학 교사 전문성 계발과 예비 과학 교사 양성 프로그램 개선을 위한 시사점을 제공한다.

Keywords

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