Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Community Fluctuation of the Benthic Macroinvertebrates before and after the Construction of Nakdan Weir

낙동강 본류 낙단보 설치 전후의 저서성 대형무척추동물 군집변동

  • Lee, Mi Jin (Department of Biological Science, Andong National University) ;
  • Seo, Eul Won (Department of Biological Science, Andong National University) ;
  • Yu, Jae Jeong (Nakdong River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Lee, Jong Eun (Department of Biological Science, Andong National University)
  • 이미진 (안동대학교 생명과학과) ;
  • 서을원 (안동대학교 생명과학과) ;
  • 유재정 (국립환경과학원 낙동강물환경연구소) ;
  • 이종은 (안동대학교 생명과학과)
  • Received : 2014.12.08
  • Accepted : 2014.12.24
  • Published : 2014.12.31
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Abstract

Nakdan weir, which is located in the second weir among the 8 weirs of Nakdong River, had been constructed from Nov. 2009 to Nov. 2011. To analyze the effect of Nakdan weir construction on benthic macroinvertebrates, we studied 2 sites around Nakdan weir (upstream and downstream) from 2007 to 2014. The average numbers of species and individuals were decreased after the construction (in 2012~2014, 51 species $895inds.\;m^{-2}$) than before construction (in 2007~2009, 25 species $84inds.\;m^{-2}$), especially in upstream site of Nakdan weir. After the construction, especially in 2012, dominance indices (DI) were increased by the decline of some specific taxon population, such as Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera, etc. After construction, individual ratios of GC (Gathering Collectors) and P (Predator) of FFGs (Functional feeding groups) and BU (Burrowers) of HOGs (Habitat orientation groups) were higher than before construction. So the results of this study indicate that the changes by a weir construction, such as the decline of shallow depth area, reduced velocity of water flow and increased ratio of sand bed, etc., can affect the benthic macroinvertebrate communities variously.

2009년 11월 착공되어 2011년 11월 준공된 낙동강 낙단보 구간의 상류와 하류 지점을 대상으로 2007년부터 2014년까지 8년간 연 4회 조사된 저서성 대형무척추동물의 변화 양상을 파악하였다. 8년간의 자료를 보 설치 이전인 2007년부터 2009년, 공사 기간이었던 2010년부터 2011년, 준공 이후인 2012년부터 2014년의 3개 시기로 구분하여 분석한 결과, 공사 이전에 비해 공사 이후에 전반적인 종수 및 개체수가 평균 51종 $895inds.\;m^{-2}$에서 25종 $84inds.\;m^{-2}$로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 특히 이러한 감소 경향은 낙단보의 하류에 비해 상류에서 두드러지게 나타났으며, 분류군별로는 Trichoptera의 감소 폭이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 낙단보 준공이후 우점도는 증가, 다양도 및 풍부도는 감소하였으며, 준공 직후인 2012년에 일시적으로 큰 변화를 보였다. 섭식기능군은 준공 이후 GC와 P의 개체수 비율이 증가하였으며, 서식기능군은 BU의 개체수 비율이 증가하였다. 이러한 현상은 준설에 의해 수변부의 경사도가 비교적 높아짐에 따른 저수심지대 면적 감소, 보 설치에 의한 유속 감소, 하상 구조 중 모래 비율의 증가 등의 영향으로, 유속이 느린 수계에서 모래에 굴을 파고 서식하거나, 하상의 CPOM과 FPOM을 주워먹는 종의 비율이 증가하는 경향을 보인 것으로 판단된다. 또한 보 준공이후 신규 이입된 종과 교란에 의해 영향을 받은 종들에 대한 지속적인 연구가 요구된다.

Keywords

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