Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회지)

Korean Association of Organic Agriculture (한국유기농업학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Suppressive Effects of Homemade Environment-friendly Materials on Alternaria Blight and Anthracnose of Ginseng

친환경자재를 이용한 인삼 점무늬병과 탄저병의 발병억제효과

  • 임진수 (농촌진흥청 원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 인삼과) ;
  • 모황성 (농촌진흥청 원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 인삼과) ;
  • 이응호 (농촌진흥청 원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 인삼과) ;
  • 박기춘 (농촌진흥청 원예특작과학원 인삼특작부 인삼과) ;
  • 정찬문 (충북대학교 농업생명환경대학 특용식물학과)
  • Received : 2014.10.02
  • Accepted : 2014.11.11
  • Published : 2014.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study was performed to evaluate the suppressive effects of organic fungicides made using environment-friendly materials on leaf spot disease and anthracnose that infect ginseng. Anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) and leaf spot disease (Alternaria panax) are principal diseases that decrease the yield of ginseng by defoliation before root enlargement. Fermented eggs and oyster shells, water extract of green tea and ethanol extract of red ginseng dregs were significantly effective in suppressing leaf spot disease. Fermented crab and shrimp shells and fermented motherwort were also effective in suppressing the recurrence of ginseng anthracnose. The preventive effects of these environment-friendly materials were definitely superior to the therapeutic effects. Therefore, these materials could be used as alternatives to chemical pesticides, which can not be applied in organic ginseng cultivation field. These organic fungicides need to be applied before the incidence of ginseng anthracnose in order to maximize their suppressive effects.

본 연구는 인삼점무늬병과 탄저병에 대한 친환경자재로 만들어진 친환경 살균제의 억제효과를 알아보기 위해서 수행을 했다. 인삼 점무늬병과 인삼 탄저병들은 인삼뿌리가 비대하기 시작하기 전에 낙엽을 시켜서 수확량을 크게 감소하는 주요한 병들이다. 천연칼슘, 녹차추출물, 홍삼박 술등은 A. panax에 의해서 유발된 인삼 점무늬병에 대해서 상당한 억제효과를 보였고 게 껍질 발효액과 익모초자연즙액은 C. gloeosporioides에 의해서 유발된 인삼탄저병에 대해서 큰 억제효과를 나타내었다. 이들 친환경 살균제는 치료효능보다 대체적으로 예방효능이 더 우수 하였다. 그러므로 이들 친환경 자재들은 인삼 유기재배포장에서 사용할 수 없는 화학농약을 대체하는 살균제로써 이용할 수 있고 그들의 억제효과를 극대화하기 위해 발병 전에 처리를 해야 한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Agrios, G. N. 2005. Plant pathology. 5th ed. Academic Press. p. 922.
  2. Ahn, D. J., T. R. Kwon, W. K. Jung, J. K. Choi, and M. H. Jang. 2013a. Effect of growth and disease control as affected by lime-sulfur mixture in ginseng cultivation. Korean J. Plant Resources Soc. p. 87.
  3. Ahn, I., W. Y. Maeng, I. E. Lee, S. H. Kim, J. W. You, K. W. Chang, and B. Y. Kim. 2013b. Study on eco-firendly control effect of natural plant extract mixtures on mulberry popcorn disease and mulberry sucker. Korean J. Environ. Agric. 32: 338-342. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2013.32.4.338
  4. Bae Y. S., B. Y. Park, S. W. Kang, S. W. Cha, K. S. Hyun, B. Y. Yeun, T. J. Ahn, S. W. Lee, D. Y. Hyun, Y. C. Kim, K. C. Chung, S. K. Kim, and M. J. Han. 2005. Handbook of Ginseng Diseases and Pests. National Institute of Crop Science Press. Suwon, Korea. p. 1-79.
  5. Baker, C. J., J. R. Stavely, C. A. Tomas, S. Myron, S. Janet, and S. Macfall. 1983. Inhibitory effect of Bacillus subtilis on Uromyces phaseoli and on leaves development of rust pustules on bean leaves. J. Phytopathology. 73:1148-1152. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-73-1148
  6. Bartlett, D. W., J. M. Clough, J. R. Godwin, A. A. Hall, M. Hamer, and B. Parrdobranski. 2002. The strobilurin fungicides. Pest Manag. Sci. 58: 649-662. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.520
  7. Chang, T. H., T. H. Lim, I. Y. Kim, G. J. Choi, J. C. Kim, H. T. Kim, Y. S. Lee, and K. Y. Cho. 2000. Effect of phosphorous acid on control of phytopthora blight of red-pepper and tomato and downy mildew of cucumber in the greenhouse. Korean J. Pesticide Sci. 1: 64-70.
  8. Choi, G. J., J. G. Kim, K. S. Jang, S. W. Lee, J. S. Kim, and K. Y. Cho. 2002. Antifungal activities of several plant extracts against wheat leaf rust. Korean J. Pesticide Sci. 2: 87-95.
  9. Choi, O. J., H. J. Rhee, and K. H. Choi. 2005. Antimicrobial activity of Korean wild tea extract according to the degree of fermentation. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 34: 148-157. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2005.34.2.148
  10. Doh, E. S. and G. J. Kil. 2001. Screening and utilization of antifungal plant against ginseng anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). Korean J. Plant Res. 14: 206-212.
  11. Eastburn, D. M. and W. D. Gubler. 1990. Strawberry anthracnose: Detection and survival of Colletotrichum acutatum in soil. Plant Dis. 74: 161-163. https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-74-0161
  12. El Ghaouth, A., J. Arul, J. Grenier, and A. Asselin. 1992. Antifungal activity of chitosan on two postharvest pathogens of strawberry fruit. Phytopathology 82:398-402. https://doi.org/10.1094/Phyto-82-398
  13. Jang, I. B., K. C. Park, S. W. Cha, and B. S. Yoon. 2011. Cousumer preferences for organic Korean ginseng and development strategies for organic Korean ginseng industry. J. Agr. Sci. Chungbuk Nat'l Univ. 27: 245-251.
  14. Jeffries, P., J. C. Dodd, M. J. Jeger, and R. A. Plumbey. 1990. The biology and control of collectotrichum species on tropical fruit crops. Plant Pathology 39: 343-366. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1990.tb02512.x
  15. Jung, J. H., S. W. Kim, K. Lamsal, Y. S. Kim, H. J. Park, and Y. S. Lee. 2011. Effect of chitosan coated fungicide against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and powdery mildew. J. Agri. Life and Environ. Sci. 23:14-22.
  16. Jung, G. C., C. B. Kim, D. G. Kim, and B. J. Kim. 2006. Isolation of antagonistic bacteria against major diseases in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Korean J. Medicinal Crop Sci. 14: 202-205.
  17. Kang, B. R., S. G. Kim, D. I. Kim, Y. H. Lee, Choi, and Y. S. Choi. 2008. Effect of bordeaux Mixture on control of rice leaf blast. Res. Plant Dis. 14: 182-186. https://doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2008.14.3.182
  18. Kang, H. S., D. S. Park, Y. K. Hwang, and S. M. Kim. 2007. Survey on pesticide use by ginseng growers at Gangwon farmland in Korea. Korean Journal of Pesticide Science 11: 131-218.
  19. Khan, M. and J. B. Sinclair. 1991. Effect of soil temperature on infection of soybean roots by sclerotia-forming isolates of C. truncatum. Plant Dis. 75: 282-285.
  20. Kim, D. W., J. H. Kim, G. H. Kang, H. K. Kang, S. B. Park, J. H Park, H. T. Bang, M. J. Kim, J. C. Na, H. S. Chae, H. C. Choi, O. S. Suh, S. H. Kim, and C. W. Kang. 2010a. Studies for antibiotic free chicken production using water extracts from Artemisia capillaris and Camellia sinensis. Korean J. Food Sci. Anl. Resour. 30: 975-988. https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2010.30.6.975
  21. Kim, Y. C., J. H. Lee, Y. S. Bae, B. K. Sohn, and S. K. Park. 2010b. Development of effiective environmentally-friendly approaches to control Alternaria blight and anthracnose diseases of Korean ginseng. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 127: 443-450. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-010-9610-4
  22. Kim, W. S. and J. S. Park. 2013. Selection and control effect of environmental friendly organic materials for controlling the ginseng alternaria blight. Korean J. Medicinal Crop Sci. 21: 388-393. https://doi.org/10.7783/KJMCS.2013.21.5.388
  23. Kim Y. H., Y. H. Yu, and J. H. Lee. 1990. Effect of shading on the quality of raw, red and white ginseng and the contents of some minerals in ginseng roots. J. Ginseng Res. 14: 36-43.
  24. Kim, H. J., S. S. Jung, D. W. Kim, J. S. Park, J. Rhy, Y. K. Bae, and S. J. Yoo. 2008. Investigation into disease and pest incidence of Panax ginseng in Jeonbuk province. Korean J. Medicinal Crop Sci. 16: 33-38.
  25. Kwak, Y. K., I. S. Kim, M. C. Cho, S. C. Lee, and S. Kim. 2012a. Growth Inhibition Effect of Environment-friendly Agricultural Materials in Botrytis cinerea In Vitro. Journal of Bio-Environment Control 21(2): 134-139.
  26. Kwak, Y. K, I. S. Kim, M. C. Cho, S. C. Lee, and S. Kim. 2012b. Growth Inhibition Effect of Environment-friendly Farm Materials in Colletotrichum acutatum In Vitro. Journal of Bio-Environment Control 21(2): 127-133.
  27. Leahy, R. M. 1986. Alternaria leaf blight of brassica and related hosts. Plant Pathology Circular. pp. 283-284.
  28. Lee, J. W. and H. S. Shin. 1993. Antioxidant effect of aqueous extract obtained from green tea. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 6: 759-763.
  29. Lee, H. J., G. C. Park, S. H. Lee, K. H. Bang, H. W. Park, D. Y. Hyen, S. W. Kang, S. W. Cha, and I. M. Chung. 2012. Screening of antifungal Bacillus spp. against alternaria blight pathogen (Alternaria panax) and anthracnose pathogen (Colletotrichum gloesporioides) of ginseng. Korean J. Medicinal Crop Sci. 20: 339-344. https://doi.org/10.7783/KJMCS.2012.20.5.339
  30. Lee, S. W., G. S. Kim, D. Y. Hyen, Y. B. Kim, S. W. Kang, and S. W. Cha. 2010. Effects of spraying lime-bordeaux mixture on yield, ginsenoside, and 70% ehtanol extract contents of 3-year-old ginseng in Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer. Korean J. Medicinal Crop Sci. 18: 244-247.
  31. Li, H. and T. Yu. 2000. Effect of chitosan on incidence of brown rot, quality and physiological attributes of postharvest peach fruit. J. Sci. Food Agric. 81: 269-274.
  32. Li, W., M. Zhang, and H. Shu. 2005. Distribution and fractionation of copper in soils of apple orchards. Environ. Sci. and Pollut. Res. Int 12: 168-172. https://doi.org/10.1065/espr2005.04.243
  33. Madden, L. V. 1992. Rainfall and the dispersal of fungal spores. Adv. Plant Pathol. 8: 39-79.
  34. Madden, L. V., L. L. Wilson, and M. A. Ellis. 1993. Field spread of anthracnose fruit rot of strawberry in relation to ground cover and ambient weather conditions. Plant Dis. 77: 861-866. https://doi.org/10.1094/PD-77-0861
  35. Mehnaz, S., M. S. Mirza, J. Hanrat, R. Bally, P. Normand, A. Bano, and K. A. Malik. 2001. Isolation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis of the beneficial bacteria from the rhizosphere of rice. Canadian J. Microbiology. 47: 110-117. https://doi.org/10.1139/w00-132
  36. Mok, S. K. 2000. Standard cultivation method for ginseng. Rural Development Administration Press. Suwon, Korea. pp. 166-169.
  37. Nakada, K. R. and S. H. Takimoto. 1922. Studies on disease of ginseng. Korea Agricultural Experiment Station Bull. 5: 41-51.
  38. Park, C. S., M. S. Cha, and M. L. Kim. 2001. Changes in the antibacterial activity of green tea extracts in various pH of culture both against Staphyloccus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. Korean J. Postharvest Sci. Technol. 2: 206-212.
  39. Putnam, M. L. and L. J. Du Toit. 2003. First report of alternaria blight caused by alternaria panax on ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) in Oregon and Washington, USA. Plant Pathology 52: 406. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3059.2003.00828.x
  40. Robert, W. N., Y. Lina, A. T. James, and A. B. Mark. 2003. Ginsenosides stimulate the growth of soilborne pathogens of American ginseng. Phytochemistry 64: 257-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00271-1
  41. Rosenbaum, J. 1915. Alternaria panax, the cause of a root-rot of ginseng. J. Agricultural Res. 5: 181-182.
  42. Sauter, H., W. Steglich, and T. Anke. 1999. Strobilurins: evolution of a new class of active substances. Angew Chem Int Ed. 38: 1328-1349. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19990517)38:10<1328::AID-ANIE1328>3.0.CO;2-1
  43. Shin, J. H., J. H. Kim, H. J. Kim, Y. K. Choi, A. H. Kim, K. H. Lee, C. W. Rho, and H. T. Kim. 2010. Control efficacy of carboxylic acid amide fungicides against pepper Phytopthora blight causing Phytophtora capsici. Korean J. Pesticide Sci. 4:463-472.
  44. Shin, Y. H., B. T. Oh, S. G. Choi, H. J. Heo, S. C. Lee, and S. H. Cho. 2009. Antimicrobial activity of an aqueous extract of green tea against food putrefactive microorganisms. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 37: 1382-1388.
  45. Than, P. P., H. Prihastuti, S. Phoulivong, P. W. J. Taylor, and K. D. Hyde. 2008. Chilli anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species. J. Zhejiang University Science B. 9: 764-778. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B0860007
  46. Wharton, P. S. and J. Dieguez-Uribeondo. 2004. The biology of Collectotrichum acutatum. Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid 61: 3-22.
  47. Whetzel, H. H. 1906. The alternaria blight of ginseng. Cornell Countryman 4: 33-41.
  48. Wickremasinghe, R. L. 1978. Tea. In Advances in Food Res. Academic Press, New York. p. 268. acutatum in infected strawberry fruit in Ohio. Plant Dis. 76: 948-950.
  49. Wilson, L. L., Madden, L. V. and Ellis, M. A. 1992. Overwinter survival of Colletotrichum.
  50. Yoon, J. T. and J. T. Lee. 1987. Effect of calcium on the apple varieties resistance to alternaria leaf spot an mycelium growth of Alternaria mali roberts. Korean J. Plant Prot. 26: 239-244.
  51. Yoon, J. T., J. T. Lee, D. U. Choi, and S. G. Shon. 1989. Inhibitory effects of calcium compounds on the outbreak of Alternaria leaf spot caused by Alternaria alternata f. sp. mali. Korean J. Plant Pathol. 5: 306-311.
  52. Yoshida, S. and A. Shirata. 1999. Survival of Colletotrichum dematium in soil and infected mulberry leaves. Plant Dis. 83: 465-468. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.1999.83.5.465