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Health-related Quality of Life and Its Related Factors in Urban Elderly Women

일개 광역시 도시 여성노인의 건강관련 삶의 질과 이에 미치는 요인

  • Na, Yoon Joo (Department of Nursing, Taegu Science University) ;
  • Choi, Yeon Hee (Department of Nursing, Kyungpook National University)
  • 나윤주 (대구과학대학교 간호학과) ;
  • 최연희 (경북대학교 간호학과)
  • Received : 2014.07.14
  • Accepted : 2014.12.11
  • Published : 2014.12.31

Abstract

This study attempted to identify the health-related quality of life and its related factors in urban elderly women. This study used the data of the 2011 Community Health Survey. The subjects of this study were 704 elderly women. Based on the literature review, this study examined variables with health-related quality of life and construct integrated conceptual framework of the study. For data analysis, SPSS 18.0 and LISREL 8.8. were used to calculate the percentage, mean, standard deviation, Spearman correlation, and path analysis parameter. The total mean EQ-5D index score was $0.81({\pm}0.20)$ and the major problems were pain/discomfort (62.5%) and mobility (53.9%) and normal activity (38.9%). The model showed a goodness of fit to the empirical data. Age, income, health promotion behavior, social support, physical health and mental health had significant direct effects on EQ-5D and age, income, health promotion behavior and social support had indirect effects on EQ-5D. These variables explained 28% of the variance of EQ-5D. To improve the quality of life in urban elderly women, it is essential to have a comprehensive program for elderly women.

본 연구는 일개 광역시 도시 여성노인의 건강관련 삶의 질과 이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고 요인들 간의 직간접적인 관계를 파악하여 도시 여성노인의 삶의 질을 향상시키기 위한 중재안의 기초자료를 마련하고자 시행되었다. 2011년 지역사회건강조사 원자료 중 대구지역 7개구 65세 이상 여성노인 704명을 최종 분석하였다. 연령, 교육수준, 소득수준, 건강증진행위, 사회적 지지, 신체적 건강, 정신적 건강을 변수로 포함하였으며 건강관련 삶의 질은 EQ-5D를 이용하여 측정하였다. 건강관련 삶의 질 점수는 $0.81({\pm}0.20)$로 나타났으며 영역별 문제는 통증/불편감(62.5%), 운동 능력(53.9%) 일상활동(38.9%) 등의 순으로 나타났다. 건강관련 삶의 질은 연령, 신체적 건강, 정신적 건강, 사회적 지지, 건강증진행위, 소득수준에 의해 직접효과가 있었으며 이들 변수에 의하여 삶의 질을 28% 설명하였다. 건강증진행위, 사회적 지지, 소득수준, 연령은 건강관련 삶의 질에 직접효과 뿐 아니라 간접효과도 나타났다. 따라서 도시 여성노인의 삶의 질을 향상시키기 위하여 건강관련 삶의 질에 직간접적으로 영향을 미치는 사회적 지지를 강화하고 건강증진행위를 증가시키는 포괄적인 프로그램의 개발이 필요하며 이는 삶의 질 향상에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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