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Refinement of GRACE Gravity Model Including Earth's Mean Mass Variations

지구 평균 질량 변화를 포함한 GRACE 중력 모델 보정

  • Seo, Ki-Weon (Department of Earth Science Education, Seoul National University) ;
  • Eom, Jooyoung (Department of Earth Science Education, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kwon, Byung-Doo (Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University)
  • 서기원 (서울대학교 사범대학 지구과학교육과) ;
  • 엄주영 (서울대학교 사범대학 지구과학교육과) ;
  • 권병두 (서울대학교 해양연구소)
  • Received : 2014.10.13
  • Accepted : 2014.11.13
  • Published : 2014.12.31

Abstract

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) has observed the Earth's mass redistribution mainly caused by the variations of groundwater, ice sheet, and sea level since its launch in April 2002. The global gravity model estimated by the GRACE observation is corrected by barometric pressure, and thus represents the change of Earth mass on the Earth's surface and below Earth's surface excluding air mass. However, the total air mass varies due to the water exchange between the Earth's surface and the atmosphere. As a result, the nominal GRACE gravity model should include the Earth's gravity spectrum associated with the total air mass variations, degree 0 and order 0 coefficients of spherical harmonics ($C_{00}$). Because the water vapor content varies mainly on a seasonal time scale, a change of $C_{00}$ (${\delta}C_{00}$) is particularly important to seasonal variations of sea level, and mass balance between northern and southern hemisphere. This result implies that ${\delta}C_{00}$ coefficients should be accounted for the examination of continental scale mass change possibly associated with the climate variations.

GRACE는 2002년 발사된 이래로 지하수, 빙하, 해수면의 변동에 의한 지구의 질량 재배치를 관측해오고 있다. GRACE 관측으로부터 추정된 지구 중력 모델은 기압보정을 거쳐 대기 질량이 제거된 지구 표면과 그 하부의 질량 변화를 나타낸다. 그러나 대기 총 질량은 지표면과 대기 사이의 물 교환에 의해 변한다. 그 결과 GRACE 중력 모델은 구면 조화 함수의 계수 degree 0, order 0 ($C_{00}$)에 해당하는 총 대기 질량 변화에 관련된 중력 스펙트럼을 가져야 한다. 주로 계절적인 시간 척도 안에서 변하는 수증기 때문에 $C_{00}$의 변화(${\delta}C_{00}$)는 특히 해수면의 계절적 변동과 북반구와 남반구 사이의 질량 균형에 매우 중요하다. 이 결과는 ${\delta}C_{00}$가 기후변동과 관련된 대륙 규모의 질량 변화 연구에 꼭 고려되어야 함을 뜻한다.

Keywords

References

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