Journal of Environmental Health Sciences (한국환경보건학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Health (한국환경보건학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Association of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) with Age and Body Mass Index in Korean Adults

한국 성인의 혈청 잔류성 유기오염물질 농도와 연령 및 체질량지수와의 관련성

  • Moon, Ho Jung (Institute for Health Promotion & Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public health, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lim, Jung-Eun (Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University) ;
  • Jee, Sun Ha (Institute for Health Promotion & Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public health, Yonsei University)
  • 문호정 (연세대학교 보건대학원 역학건강증진학과, 국민건강증진연구소) ;
  • 임정은 (연세대학교 대학원 보건학과) ;
  • 지선하 (연세대학교 보건대학원 역학건강증진학과, 국민건강증진연구소)
  • Received : 2014.10.30
  • Accepted : 2014.12.15
  • Published : 2014.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are known to be the detrimental chemicals in the body, even at low levels, and are stored in adipose tissue. Recently, POPs have been reported to be associated with chronic diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disease, and aging and obesity are reported as common factors in chronic disease. However, there have been only a few studies on the associations of POPs with age and body mass index (BMI) in Korea. Therefore, we analyzed the associations of serum POPs levels with age and BMI in Korea. Methods: This cross-sectional study includes 444 subjects (253 men and 191 women) from the Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (2004-2011). Serum levels of 33 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 19 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were measured by a gas chromatographer (Agilent 6890) coupled to high resolution mass spectrometer (JEOL JMS-800D). Results: Concentrations of PCB 153 (men: 12.26 ng/g lipid, women: 10.50 ng/g lipid) and p,p'-DDE (men: 94.66 ng/g lipid, women: 96.66 ng/g lipid) were the highest among serum PCBs and OCPs, respectively. PCBs and OCPs were significantly positively correlated with age in both sexes. After adjustment for age, non-dioxin like PCBs were significantly negatively correlated with body mass in women. However, cis-heptachlor epoxide was significantly positively correlated with body mass index in both sexes. When analyzed by sex, stronger associations were shown between POPs and age in men and POPs and BMI in women. Conclusion: These results may provide baseline data for the study of POPs and for the health management field in Korea.

Keywords

References

  1. Mullerova D, Kopecky J. White adipose tissue: storage and effector site for environmental pollutants. Physiol Res. 2007; 56(4): 375-381.
  2. Park SK, Son HK, Lee SK, Kang JH, Chang YS, Jacobs DR, et al. Relationship between serum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and metabolic syndrome among non-diabetic adults. J Prev Med Public Health. 2010; 43(1): 1-8. https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.2010.43.1.1
  3. Thomas KV, Hurst MR, Matthiessen P, Waldock MJ. Characterization of estrogenic compounds in water samples collected from United Kingdom estuaries. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2001; 20(10): 2165-2170. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620201005
  4. Henry TR, DeVito MJ. Non-dioxin-like PCBs:Effects and consideration in ecological risk assessment. Washington DC: US. Environmental Protection Agency Press; 2003.
  5. Hamers T, Kamstra JH, Cenijn PH, Pencikova K, Palkova L, Simeckova P, et al. In vitro toxicity profiling of ultra pure non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl congeners and their relative toxic contribution to PCB mixtures in humans. Toxicol Sci. 2011; 121(1): 88-100. https://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfr043
  6. Karami-Mohajeri S, Abdollahi M. Toxic ifluence of organophosphate, carbamate, and organochlorine pesticides on cellular metabolism of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates: a systematic review. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2011; 30(9): 1119-1140. https://doi.org/10.1177/0960327110388959
  7. Ljunggren SA, Helmfrid I, Salihovic S, van Bavel B, Wingren G, Lindahl M, et al. Persistent organic pollutants distribution in lipoprotein fractions in relation to cardiovascular disease and cancer. Environ Int. 2014; 65: 93-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2013.12.017
  8. Moten A, Jeffers K, Larbi D, Smith-White R, Taylor T, Wilson L, et al. Obesity and Weight Loss Attempts among Subjects with a Personal History of Cancer. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2014; 14(3): e330-336.
  9. Hardell E, Carlberg M, Nordström M, van Bavel B. Time trends of persistent organic pollutants in Sweden during 1993-2007 and relation to age, gender, body mass index, breast-feeding and parity. Sci Total Environ. 2010; 408(20): 4412-4419. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.06.029
  10. Azandjeme CS, Delisle H, Fayomi B, Ayotte P, Djrolo F, Houinato D, et al. High serum organochlorine pesticide concentrations in diavetics of cotton producing area of the Benin Republic(West Africa). Environ Int. 2014; 69: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2014.04.002
  11. Hue O, Marcotte J, Berrigan F, Simoneau M, Doré J, Marceau P, et al. Plasma concentration of organochlorine compounds is associated with age and not obesity. Chemosphere. 2007; 67(7): 1463-1467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.10.033
  12. Ji K, Kim S, Kho Y, Sakong J, Paek D, Choi K. Majorperfluoroalkylacid(PFAA) concentrations and influence of foodconsumption among the generalpopulation of Daegu, Korea. Sci Total Environ. 2012; 438: 42-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.08.007
  13. Moon HB, Lee DH, Lee YS, Choi M, Choi HG, Kannan K. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, and organochlorine pesticides in adipose tissues of Korean women. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2012; 62(1): 176-184. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-011-9679-6
  14. Park H, Lee SJ, Kang JH, Chang YS. Congenerspecific approach to human PCB concentrations by serum analysis. Chemosphere. 2007; 68(9): 1699-1706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.03.058
  15. Lee HS, Lee JC, Lee IK, Moon HB, Chang YS, Jacobs DR Jr, et al. Associations among Organochlorine Pesticides, Methanobacteriales, and Obesity in Korean Women. PLoS One. 2011; 6(11): e27773. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027773
  16. Kang JH, Park H, Chang YS, Choi JW. Distribution of organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) in human serum from urban areas in Korea. Chemosphere. 2008; 73(10): 1625-1631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.07.087
  17. Jo J, Nam CM, Sull JW, Yun JE, Kim SY, Lee SJ, et al. Prediction of Colorectal Cancer Risk Using a Genetic Risk Score: The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II). Genomics Inform. 2012; 10(3): 175-183. https://doi.org/10.5808/GI.2012.10.3.175
  18. Jee SH, Lee S, Min S, Park J, Kim HS, Kim SY, et al. Development of ELISA-kit of Quantitative Analysis for Adiponectin and Their Correlation with Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Kor. J Epidemiol. 2007; 29(2): 165-175.
  19. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC). Laboratory Procedure Manual Method 28 for Second National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals. Cheongju: CDC Press; 2006.
  20. Barr JR, Maggio VL, Barr DB, Turner WE, Sjodin A, Sandau CD, et al. New high-resolution mass spectrometric approach for the measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in human serum. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2003; 794(1): 137-148. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1570-0232(03)00451-3
  21. Rice CP, O'Keefe PW, Kubiak TJ. Sources,pathways, and effects of PCBs, dioxins, and dibenzofurans. In: Hoffman DJ, Rattner BA, Burton GA Jr, Cairns J, Jr. Handbook of Ecotoxicology, 2st ed. London: CRC Press; 2002. p.499-571.
  22. Hansen LG. Stepping backward to improve assessment of PCB congener toxicities. Environ Health Perspect. 1998; 106(Suppl): 171-189. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.98106s1171
  23. Salihovic S, Lampa E, Lindström G, Lind L, Lind PM, van Bavel B. Circulating levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) among elderly men and women from Sweden: results from the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS). Environ Int. 2012; 44: 59-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2012.01.011
  24. Schisterman EF, Whitcomb BW, Louis GM, Louis TA. Lipid adjustment in the analysis of environmental contaminants and human health risks. Environ Health Perspect. 2005; 113(7): 853-857. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7640
  25. Phillips DL, Pirkle JL, Burse VW, Bernert JT Jr, Henderson LO, Needham LL. Chlorinatedhydrocarbonlevels in human serum: effects of fasting and feeding. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1989; 18(4): 495-500. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01055015
  26. Malarvannan G, Dirinck E, Dirtu AC, Pereira- Fernandes A, Neels H, Jorens PG, et al. Distribution of persistent organic pollutants in two different fat compartments from obese individuals. Environ Int. 2013; 55: 33-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2013.02.012
  27. Dirinck E, Jorens PG, Covaci A, Geens T, Roosens L, Neels H, et al. Obesity and persistent organic pollutants: possible obesogenic effect of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2011; 19(4): 709–714. https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2010.133
  28. Lee DH, Lee IK, Jin SH, Steffes M, Jacobs DR Jr. Association between serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and insulin resistance among nondiabetic adults: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002. Diabetes Care. 2007; 30(3): 622-628. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc06-2190
  29. Porta M, López T, Gasull M, Rodríguez-Sanz M, Garí M, Pumarega J, et al. Distribution of blood concentrations of persistent organic pollutants in a representative sample of the population of Barcelona in 2006, and comparison with levels in 2002. Sci Total Environ. 2012; 423: 151-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.02.001
  30. Rossi F, Bertuzzi T, Vitali A, Rubini A, Masoero F, Morlacchini M, et al. Monitoring of declining trend of polychlorobifenyls concentration in milk of contaminated dairy cows. Italian Journal of Animal Science. 2010; 9(1): 88-92. https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2010.e88
  31. Chu S, Covaci A, Van de Vijver K, De Coen W, Blust R, Schepens P. Enantiomeric signatures of chiral polychlorinated biphenyl atropisomers in livers of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the southern North Sea. J Environ Monit. 2003; 5(3): 521-526. https://doi.org/10.1039/b300949a
  32. Wolff MS, Camann D, Gammon M, Stellman SD. Proposed PCB congener groupings for epidemiological studies. Environ Health Perspect. 1997; 105(1): 13-14. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.9710513
  33. Kim BH, Lee JY. Domestic policy and management direction Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). KIC News. 2010; 13(5): 1-10.
  34. Mørck TA, Erdmann SE, Long M, Mathiesen L, Nielsen F, Siersma VD, et al. PCB concentrations and dioxin-like activity in blood samples from Danish school children and their mothers living in urban and rural areas. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2014; 115(1): 134-144. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.12214