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A Study on Influence of Firing Temperature and Temper Content on the Physical Properties of Earthenware Coffin

소성온도와 혼입물 함량이 옹관의 물성에 주는 영향에 관한 연구

  • Kim, Kyu Been (Conservation Science Laboratory, The Korea National University of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Chung, Kwang Yong (Conservation Science Laboratory, The Korea National University of Cultural Heritage)
  • 김규빈 (한국전통문화대학교 보존과학연구소) ;
  • 정광용 (한국전통문화대학교 보존과학연구소)
  • Received : 2014.09.30
  • Accepted : 2014.11.20
  • Published : 2014.12.20

Abstract

Adding temper into clay prevents to shrink and crack, or twist the clay during the dry process. The purpose of this study is to identify the role of temper and the physical property of earthenware coffin according to the clay state modification in the reduction firing based on earthenware coffins found in Naju which had been made in Three Kingdom Period. Clay from the Oryang-dong site in Naju was used as circle shaped samples. The samples were tempered with various proportions (0%, 20%, 40%) and fired in various temperature ($1000^{\circ}C$, $1100^{\circ}C$, $1200^{\circ}C$). Physical properties were identified by macroscopy, an optical microscope (x50), specific gravity and porosity. Chemical components and existence of specific minerals were identified by analysing XRF and XRD. As a result, the more firing temperature increase, clay volume expansion. To prevent the volume expansion, temper was added.

점토에 혼입물이 포함되면 수축의 정도를 완화시켜 건조과정에서의 비틀어짐이나 갈라짐을 막아주는 역할을 한다. 이에 삼국시대에 제작된 나주 옹관을 바탕으로 옹관 제조 시 태토에 첨가하는 혼입물의 역할과 환원 소성 시 발생하는 태토의 상태 변화로 인한 옹관의 물성변화를 규명하였다. 나주 오량동 유적의 태토를 이용하여 혼입물 비율(0%, 20%, 40%)을 달리 배합한 재현시료를 제작하고, 여기에 소성온도($1000^{\circ}C$, $1100^{\circ}C$, $1200^{\circ}C$)를 달리하여 소성하였다. 소성 완료된 시료는 육안 관찰, 광학현미경(50배) 관찰, 비중 기공률 측정을 통해 물리적 특성을 확인하고, X-선 형광 분석(XRF), X-선 회절 분석(XRD)을 통해 성분의 함량과 특정 광물의 존재 여부를 확인하였다. 그 결과 소성온도 증가에 따른 체적 팽창과 원형의 기공 발생, 혼입물 함량 증가에 따른 비중 증가가 발생하였으며, XRF 분석에서는 $SiO_2$의 증가와 $Al_2O_3$의 감소 현상이 일어났다. $SiO_2$의 증가는 혼입물을 이루는 석영 입자의 영향 때문으로 추정되며, 따라서 혼입물의 첨가는 소성온도 증가로 인해 발생되는 태토의 체적 팽창을 억제를 위한 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

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