Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
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Assessment of Streamflow Depletion Due to Groundwater Pumping from a Well

단일 관정 지하수 양수에 따른 하천수 감소량 평가

  • Lee, Jeongwoo (Water Resources Research Division, Water Resources & Environment Research Department, Korea Institute of Construction Technology) ;
  • Kim, Nam Won (Water Resources Research Division, Water Resources & Environment Research Department, Korea Institute of Construction Technology) ;
  • Chung, Il Moon (Water Resources Research Division, Water Resources & Environment Research Department, Korea Institute of Construction Technology)
  • 이정우 (한국건설기술연구원 수자원연구실) ;
  • 김남원 (한국건설기술연구원 수자원연구실) ;
  • 정일문 (한국건설기술연구원 수자원연구실)
  • Received : 2013.09.10
  • Accepted : 2013.09.30
  • Published : 2013.11.30
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Abstract

Groundwater pumping from a well has different impacts on streamflow depletion because hydraulic properties of the aquifer and the stream bed differ depending on its location. Therefore, quantitative assessment of streamflow depletion due to each groundwater pumping with different well locations is needed for the effective groundwater development and streamflow management. In this study, a watershed-based surface water and groundwater integrated model, SWAT-MODFLOW was used to assess the streamflow depletion near stream reach due to groundwater pumping from a well located within the Sinduncheon watershed. The arbitrary 50 wells among the currently used groundwater pumping wells were selected within the study area and the streamflow responses to each groundwater pumping were simulated at nearby and downstream reaches. In particular, the applicability of the Stream Depletion Factor (SDF) and Stream Bed Factor (SBF), which are widely used for evaluating the degree of streamflow depletion due to groundwater pumping, was evaluated. The simulated results demonstrated that the streamflow depletion rate divided by the pumping rate significantly differ depending on well locations and distance between well and stream, showing a wide range of values from below 20% to above 90%. From the simulated results, it was found out that the SDF or the SBF can be a partial referred value but not an absolute criterion in determining whether a pumping well has a great impact on streamflow depletion or not.

지하수 양수정의 위치는 대수층내 지하수 유동과 하천-대수층의 상호작용에 영향을 미치므로 효과적인 지하수 개발 이용 및 하천수 관리를 위해서는 개별적인 지하수 관정의 양수 위치에 따른 하천수량 변화를 정량적으로 분석하는 과정이 선행되어야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 경기도 이천에 위치한 신둔천 유역에 대해서 단일 관정으로부터의 지하수 양수가 인근 하천구간에 미치는 영향을 지표수-지하수 통합모형 SWAT-MODFLOW를 이용하여 모의, 분석하였다. 유역내에 존재하는 지하수 관정들 중 임의로 50개를 선별하고 각각의 단일 관정의 양수로 인한 인접 및 하류부 하도 구간의 하천수 감소에 미치는 영향을 평가하였고, 특히 양수로 인한 하천 영향 판별 지표로 많이 사용되고 있는 하천고갈인자 및 하천바닥인자의 적용성을 검토하였다. 각각의 단일 관정의 지하수 양수 전 후의 하천유량을 비교한 결과 양수량 대비 하천수 감소량은 작게는 20% 미만에서 크게는 90%가 넘는 등 지역 및 하천-관정 이격거리에 따라 큰 차이를 나타내었다. 하천고갈인자와 하천바닥인자 모두 하천수감소량과는 상관성이 높지 않아 양수로 인한 하천에 미치는 영향을 판정하는 절대적인 기준이 될 수는 없는 것으로 분석되었다. 하지만, 하천-관정 이격거리가 약 500 m 이내인 경우에는 하천바닥인자는 하천 영향정도를 평가하는 지표로 사용이 가능할 것으로 분석되었다.

Keywords

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