Advances in environmental research

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Petrochemical effluent treatment using natural coagulants and an aerobic biofilter

  • Bandala, Erick R. (Grupo de Investigacion en Energia y Ambiente, Universidad de las Americas) ;
  • Tiro, Juan Bernardo (Grupo de Investigacion en Energia y Ambiente, Universidad de las Americas) ;
  • Lujan, Mariana (Grupo de Investigacion en Energia y Ambiente, Universidad de las Americas) ;
  • Camargo, Francisco J. (Grupo de Investigacion en Energia y Ambiente, Universidad de las Americas) ;
  • Sanchez-Salas, Jose Luis (Grupo de Investigacion en Energia y Ambiente, Universidad de las Americas) ;
  • Reyna, Silvia (Grupo de Investigacion en Energia y Ambiente, Universidad de las Americas) ;
  • Moeller, Gabriela (Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua) ;
  • Torres, Luis G. (Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnologia, Instituto Politecnico Nacional)
  • Received : 2013.03.14
  • Accepted : 2013.11.05
  • Published : 2013.09.25
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Abstract

Coagulation-flocculation (CF) was tested coupled with an aerobic biofilter to reduce total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPHs) concentration and toxicity from petrochemical wastewater. The efficiency of the process was followed using turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The biofilter was packed with a basaltic waste (tezontle) and inoculated with a bacterial consortium. Toxicity test were carried out using Lactuca sativa var. capitata seeds. Best results for turbidity removal were obtained using alum. Considerable turbidity removal was obtained when using Opuntia spp. COD removal with alum was 25%, for Opuntia powder it was 36%. The application of the biofilter allowed the removal of 70% of the remaining TPHs after 30 days with a biodegradation rate (BDR) value 47 $mgL^{-1}d^{-1}$. COD removal was slightly higher with BDR value 63 $mgL^{-1}d^{-1}$. TPH kinetics allowed a degradation rate constant equal to $4.05{\times}10^{-2}d^{-1}$. COD removal showed similar trend with $k=4.23{\times}10^{-2}d^{-1}$. Toxicity reduction was also successfully achieved by the combined treatment process.

Keywords

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