Structural Engineering and Mechanics

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Shear strengthening effect by bonded GFRP strips and transverse steel on RC T-beams

  • Panda, K.C. (Department of Civil Engineering, ITER, SOA University) ;
  • Bhattacharyya, S.K. (CSIR-Central Building Research Institute) ;
  • Barai, S.V. (Department of Civil Engineering, IIT Kharagpur)
  • Received : 2012.11.18
  • Accepted : 2013.07.03
  • Published : 2013.07.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study focuses on shear strengthening performance of simply supported reinforced concrete (RC) T-beams bonded by glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) strips in different configuration, orientations and transverse steel reinforcement in different spacing. Eighteen RC T-beams of 2.5 m span are tested. Nine beams are used as control beam. The stirrups are provided in three different spacing such as without stirrups and with stirrups at a spacing of 200 mm and 300 mm. Another nine beams are used as strengthened beams. GFRP strips are bonded in shear zone in U-shape and side shape with two types of orientation of the strip at $45^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$ to the longitudinal axis of the beam for each type of stirrup spacing. The experimental result indicates that the beam strengthened with GFRP strips at $45^{\circ}$ orientation to the longitudinal axis of the beam are much more effective than $90^{\circ}$ orientation. Also as transverse steel increases, the effectiveness of the GFRP strips decreases.

Keywords

References

  1. American Concrete Institute (ACI) (2002), "Building code requirements for reinforced concrete (ACI 318-02) and commentary", 318RM-02, Detroit.
  2. ACI 440.2R-02 (2002), "Guide for the design and construction of externally bonded FRP systems for strengthening concrete structures", ACI Committee 440, Farmington Hills, Michigan.
  3. Al-Sulaimani, G.J., Sharif, A., Basunbul, I.A., Baluch, M.H. and Ghaleb, B.N. (1994), "Shear repair for reinforced concrete by fibreglass plate bonding", ACI Struct. J., 91(3), 458-464.
  4. Adhikary, B.B., Mutsuyoshi, H. and Ashrof, M. (2004), "Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using fibre reinforced polymer sheets with bonded anchorage", ACI Struct. J., 101(5), 660-668.
  5. Belarbi, A., Bae, S. and Brancaccio, A. (2012), "Behavior of full-scale RC T-beams strengthened in shear with externally bonded FRP sheets", Construction and Building Materials, 32, 27-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.11.102
  6. Berset, J.D. (1992), "Strengthening of reinforced concrete beams for shear using FRP composites", MS Thesis, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, MIT.
  7. Bousselham, A. and Chaallal, O. (2004), "Shear strengthening reinforced concrete beams with fibrereinforced polymer: assessment of influencing parameters and required research", ACI Struct. J., 101(2), 219-227.
  8. Bousselham, A. and Chaallal, O. (2006), "Effect of transverse steel and shear span of the performance of RC beams strengthened in shear with CFRP", Composites: Part B, 37, 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2005.05.012
  9. Bousselham, A. and Chaallal, O. (2006), "Behavior of reinforced concrete T-beams strengthened in shear with carbon fibre reinforced polymer - An experimental study", ACI Struct. J., 103(3), 339-347.
  10. Bousselham, A. and Chaallal, O. (2008), "Mechanisms of shear resistance of concrete beams strengthened in shear with externally bonded FRP", J. Compos. Constr., 12(5), 499-512. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2008)12:5(499)
  11. Cao, S.Y., Chen, J.F., Teng, J.G., Hao, Z. and Chen, J. (2005), "Debonding in RC beams shear strengthened with complete FRP wraps", J. Compos. Constr., 9(5), 417-428. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:5(417)
  12. Chaallal, O., Nollet, M.J. and Perraton, D. (1998), "Shear strengthening of RC beams by externally bonded side CFRP strips", J. Compos. Constr., 2(2), 111-113. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(1998)2:2(111)
  13. Chaallal, O., Shahawy, M. and Hassan, M. (2002), "Performance of reinforced concrete T-Girders strengthened in shear with carbon fibre-reinforced polymer fabric", ACI Struct. J., 99(3), 335-343.
  14. Chajes, M.J., Januszka, T.F., Mertz, D.R., Thomson, T.A., Jr. and Finch, W.W., Jr. (1995), "Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using externally applied composite fabrics", ACI Struct. J., 92(3), 295-303.
  15. Chen, J.F. and Teng, J.G. (2003a), "Shear capacity of FRP-strengthened RC beams: FRP debonding", Constr. Build. Mater., 17(1), 27-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(02)00091-0
  16. Chen, J.F. and Teng, J.G. (2003b), "Shear capacity of fibre-reinforced polymer strengthened RC beams: Fibre reinforced polymer rupture", J. Struct. Eng., 129(5), 615-625. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:5(615)
  17. Chen, G.M., Teng, J.G. and Chen, J.F. (2010a), "RC beams shear strengthened with FRP: shear resistance contributed by FRP", Mag. Concrete. Research, 62, 301-311. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.2010.62.4.301
  18. Chen, G.M., Teng, J.G., Chen, J.F. and Rosenboon, O.A. (2010b), "Interaction between steel stirrups and shear strengthening FRP strips in RC beams", J. Compos. Constr., 14, 498-509. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000120
  19. Chen, G.M., Teng, J.G. and Chen, J.F. (2012), "process of debonding in RC beams shear-strengthened with FRP U-strips or side strips", International Journal of Solids and Structures, 49, 1266-1282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2012.02.007
  20. Deniaud, C. and Cheng, J.J.R. (2001), "Shear behavior of reinforced concrete T-beams with externally bonded fibre-reinforced polymer sheets", ACI Struct. J., 98(3), 386-394.
  21. Deniaud, C. and Cheng, J.J.R. (2003), "Reinforced concrete T-beams strengthened in shear with fibre reinforced polymer sheets", J. Compos. Constr., 7(4), 302-310. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2003)7:4(302)
  22. Egilmez. O. O. and Yormaz. D. (2011), "Cyclic testing of steel I-beams reinforced with GFRP", Steel and Compos. Struct., 11(2), 93-114. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2011.11.2.093
  23. EI-Ghandour, A.A. (2011), "Experimental and analytical investigation of CFRP flexure and shear strengthening efficiencies of RC beams", Construction and Building Materials, 25, 1419-1429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.09.001
  24. Indian Standard (IS) (2000), "Plain and reinforce concrete code of practice IS 456:2000", India.
  25. Hag-Elsafi, O., Alampalli, S. and Kunin J. (2001), "Application of FRP laminates for strengthening of a reinforced-concrete T-beam bridge structure", Composite Structures, 52(3-4), 453-466. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0263-8223(01)00035-6
  26. Khalifa, A., Gold, W.J., Nanni, A. and Aziz, A. (1998), "Contribution of externally bonded FRP to shear capacity of RC flexural members", J. Compos. Constr., 2(4), 195-201. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(1998)2:4(195)
  27. Khalifa, A. and Nanni, A. (2000), "Improving shear capacity of existing RC T-section beams using CFRP composites", Cement and Concrete Composites, 22, 165-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(99)00051-7
  28. Khalifa, A.and Nanni, A. (2002), "Rehabilitation of rectangular simply supported RC beams with shear deficiencies using CFRP composites", Construction and Building Materials, 16, 135-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(02)00002-8
  29. Kim, G., Sim, J. and Oh, h. (2008), "Shear strength of strengthened RC beams with FRPs in shear", Construction and Building Materials, 22, 1261-1270. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2007.01.021
  30. Lee, T.K. and Al-Mahaidi, R. (2008), "An experimental investigation on shear behaviour of RC T-beams strengthened with CFRP using photogrammetry", Composite Structures, 82(2), 185-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2006.12.012
  31. Lee, H.K., Cheong, S.H., Ha, S.K. and Lee, C.G. (2011), "Behavior and performance of RC T-section deep beams externally strengthened in shear with CFRP sheets", Composite Structures, 93(2), 911-922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2010.07.002
  32. Leung, C.K.Y., Chen, Z., Lee, S., Ng, M., Xu, M. and Tang, J. (2007), "Effect of size on the failure of geometrically similar concrete beams strengthened in shear with FRP strips", J. Compos. Constr., 11(5), 487-496. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2007)11:5(487)
  33. Li, A., Assih, J., and Delmas, Y. (2001), "Shear strengthening of RC beams with externally bonded CFRP sheets", J. Struct. Eng., 127(4), 374-380. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2001)127:4(374)
  34. Li, A., Diagana, C. and Delmas, Y. (2002), "Shear strengthening effect by bonded composite fabrics on RC beams", Composites: Part B, 33, 225-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-8368(02)00003-3
  35. Maaddawy, T.E. and Sherif, S. (2009), "FRP composites for shear strengthening of reinforced concrete deep beams with openings", Composite Structures, 89, 60-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2008.06.022
  36. Maeda, T., Asano, Y., Sato, Y., Ueda, T., and Kakuta, Y. (1997), "A study on bond mechanism of carbon Fibre sheet", Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures: Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Non-Metallic (FRP) Reinforcement for Concrete Structures, 1, Japan Concrete Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
  37. Malek, A.M. and Saadatmanesh, H. (1998), "Ultimate shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with web-bonded fiver-reinforced plastic plates", ACI Struct. J., 95(4), 391-399.
  38. Micelli, F., Anniah, R.H. and Nanni, A. (2002), "Strengthening of short shear span reinforced concrete T joists with fibre reinforced plastic composites", J. Compos. Constr., 6(4), 264-271. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2002)6:4(264)
  39. Monti, G. and Liotta, M.A. (2007), "Tests and design equations for FRP-strengthening in shear",Construction and Building Materials, 21, 799-809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2006.06.023
  40. Mosallam, A.S. and Banerjee, S. (2007), "Shear enhancement of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with FRP composite laminates", Composites: Part B, 38, 781-793. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2006.10.002
  41. Noris, T., Saadatmanesh, H. and Ehsani, M.R. (1997), "Shear and flexural strengthening of RC beams with carbon fibre sheets", J. Struct. Eng., 123(7), 903-911. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1997)123:7(903)
  42. Panda, K.C., Bhattacharyya, S.K. and Barai, S.V. (2010), "Shear behaviour of reinforced concrete T-beams with U-bonded glass fibre reinforced plastic sheet", The Indian Concrete Journal, 84(10), 61-71.
  43. Panda, K.C., Bhattacharyya, S.K. and Barai, S.V. (2011), "Shear strengthening of RC T-beams with externally side bonded GFRP sheet", J. Reinforced Plastic and Composites, 30(13), 1139-1154. https://doi.org/10.1177/0731684411417202
  44. Panda, K.C., Bhattacharyya, S.K., and Barai, S.V. (2012), "Shear behaviour of RC T-beams strengthened with U-wrapped GFRP sheet", Steel and Composite Structures, 12(2), 149-166. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2012.12.2.149
  45. Panda, K.C., Bhattacharyya, S.K., and Barai, S.V. (2013), "Effect of transverse steel on the performance of RC T-beams strengthened in shear zone with GFRP sheet", Construct. Build. Mater., 41, 79-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.11.098
  46. Pellegrino, C. and Modena, C. (2002), "Fibre reinforced polymer shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams with transverse steel reinforcement", J. Compos. Constr., 6(2), 104-111. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2002)6:2(104)
  47. Sundarraja, M.C. and Rajamohan, S. (2009), "Strengthening of RC beams in shear using GFRP inclined strips - An experimental study", Construction and Building Materials, 23, 856-864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.04.008
  48. Taljsten, B. and Elfgren, L. (2000), "Strengthening concrete beams for shear using CFRP-materials: evaluation of different application methods", Composites Part B: Engineering, 31, 87-96.
  49. Taljsten, B. (2003), "Strengthening concrete beams for shear with CFRP sheets", Constr. Build. Mater., 17(1), 15-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-0618(02)00088-0
  50. Triantafillou, T.C. (1998), "Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using epoxy bonded FRP composites", ACI Struct. J., 95(2), 107-115.
  51. Triantafillou, T.C. and Antonopolous, C.P. (2000), "Design of concrete flexural members strengthened in shear with FRP", J. Compos. Constr., 4(4), 198-205. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2000)4:4(198)
  52. Zhang, Z. and Hsu, C.T.T. (2005), "Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams using carbon-fibrereinforced polymer laminates", J. Compos. Constr., 9(2), 158-169. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2005)9:2(158)

Cited by

  1. Numerical simulation of concrete beams reinforced with composite GFRP-Steel bars under three points bending vol.57, pp.5, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.57.5.937
  2. Experimental investigation on shear capacity of RC beams with GFRP rebar & stirrups vol.21, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2016.21.6.1265
  3. Shear strengthening of reinforced concrete beams with rectangular web openings by FRP Composites vol.2, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2014.2.4.281
  4. Embedded Connector in Severe Optimization of Steel Plate for Shear Strengthening of RC Beam: Experimental and Numerical Investigations vol.2018, pp.1687-8094, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4721431
  5. Shear-strengthening of RC continuous T-beams with spliced CFRP U-strips around bars against flange top vol.64, pp.1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2017.64.1.135
  6. Analytical and numerical studies on hollow core slabs strengthened with hybrid FRP and overlay techniques vol.65, pp.5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2018.65.5.535
  7. Shear Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete T-Beams by Using Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites: A Data Analysis vol.45, pp.5, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-04412-x
  8. Shear strengthening of RC beams with Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) composites vol.10, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.12989/acc.2020.10.2.093
  9. Experimental analysis of shear deficient reinforced concrete beams strengthened by glass fiber strip composites and mechanical stitches vol.40, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2021.40.2.267