DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

An improved algorithm in railway truss bridge optimization under stress, displacement and buckling constraints imposed on moving load

  • Mohammadzadeh, Saeed (School of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Nouri, Mehrdad (School of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology)
  • Received : 2012.12.03
  • Accepted : 2013.05.02
  • Published : 2013.05.25

Abstract

Railway truss bridges are amongst the essential structures in railway transportation. Minimization of the construction and maintenance costs of these trusses can effectively reduce investments in railway industries. In case of railway bridges, due to high ratio of the live load to the dead load, the moving load has considerable influence on the bridge dynamics. In this paper, optimization of the railway truss bridges under moving load is taken into consideration. The appropriate algorithm namely Hyper-sphere algorithm is used for this multifaceted problem. Through optimization the efficiency of the method successfully raised about 5 percent, compared with similar algorithms. The proposed optimization carried out on several typical railway trusses. The influences of buckling, deformation constraints, and the optimum height of each type of truss, assessed using a simple approximation method.

Keywords

References

  1. Achtziger, W. and Stolpe, M. (2007), "Truss topology optimization with discrete design variables Guaranteed global optimality and benchmark examples", Struct Multidisc Optim. 34, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-006-0074-2
  2. Bland, J.A. (2011), "Optimal structural design by ant colony optimization", Engineering Optimization, 33, 425-443.
  3. Camp, C.V. (2007), "Design of space trusses using big bang-big crunch optimization", Journal of Structural Engineering, 133(7), 999-1008. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2007)133:7(999)
  4. Camp, C.V. and Bichon, B.J. (2004), "Design of space trusses using ant colony optimization", Journal of Structural Engineering, 130(5), 741-751. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2004)130:5(741)
  5. Camp, C.V., Bichon, B.J. and Stovall, S.P. (2005), "Design of steel frames using ant colony optimization", Journal of Structural Engineering, 131(3), 369-379. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:3(369)
  6. Chen, T.Y. (1998), "A comprehensive solution for enhancing the efficiency and the robustness of the SLP algorithm", Computers & Structures, 66(4), 373-384. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(97)00080-1
  7. EN1990-Annex A2 (2005), Eurocode: Basis of Structural Design - Annex A2: Application for bridges (Normative).
  8. Erbatur, F., Hasancebi, O., Tutuncu, I. and Kilic, H. (2000), "Optimal design of planar and space structures with genetic algorithms", Computers and Structures, 75, 209-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(99)00084-X
  9. Erol, O.K. and Eksin, I. (2006), "A new optimization method: big bang-big crunch", Advances in Engineering Software, 37, 106-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2005.04.005
  10. Farshi, B. and Alinia-ziazi, A. (2010), "Sizing optimization of truss structures by method of centers and force formulation", International Journal of Solids and Structures, 47, 2508-2524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2010.05.009
  11. Farshi, B. and Schmit, L.A. (1974), "Minimum weight design of stress limited trusses", Journal of the Structural Division, 100(1), 97-107.
  12. Final Draft prEN 1991-2 (2002), Eurocode 1 Actions on structures - Part 2 Traffic loads on bridges.
  13. Fiouz, A.R., Obeydi M., Foroizani, H. and Keshavarz, A. (2012), "Discrete optimization of trusses using an artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm and the fly-back mechanism", Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 44(4), 501-520. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2012.44.4.501
  14. Gil, L. and Andreu, A. (2001), "Shape and cross-section optimisation of a truss structure", Computers and Structures, 79, 681-689. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(00)00182-6
  15. Gomes, F.A.M. and Senne, T.A. (2011), "An SLP algorithm and its application to topology optimization", Computational & Applied Mathematics, 30(1), 53-89.
  16. Gomes, H.M. (2011), "Truss optimization with dynamic constraints using a particle swarm algorithm", Expert Systems with Applications, 38, 957-968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2010.07.086
  17. John, K.V., Ramakrishan, C.V. and Sharma, K.G. (1987), "Minimum weight design of trusses using improved move limit method of sequential linear programming", Computers & Structures, 27(5), 583-591. https://doi.org/10.1016/0045-7949(87)90073-3
  18. Kaveh, A. and Abdietehrani, A. (2004), "Design of frames using genetic algorithm, force method and graph theory", International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 61, 2555-2565. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1170
  19. Kaveh, A. and Kalatjari, V. (2002), "Genetic algorithm for discrete-sizing optimal design of trusses using the force method", International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 55, 55-72. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.483
  20. Kaveh, A. and Kalatjari, V. (2003), "Topology optimization of trusses using genetic algorithm, force method and graph theory", International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 58, 771-791. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.800
  21. Kaveh, A. and Kalatjari, V. (2004), "Size/geometry optimization of trusses by the force method and genetic algorithm", Z.Angew. Math. Mech., 84(5), 347-357. https://doi.org/10.1002/zamm.200310106
  22. Kaveh, A. and Rahami, H. (2006a), "Analysis, design and optimization of structures using force method and genetic algorithm", International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 65, 1570-1584. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1506
  23. Kaveh, A. and Rahami, H. (2006b), "Nonlinear analysis and optimal design of structures via force method and genetic algorithm", Computers and Structures, 84, 770-778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2006.02.004
  24. Kaveh, A. and Talatahari, S. (2009a), "Particle swarm optimizer, ant colony strategy and harmony search scheme hybridized for optimization of truss structures", Computers and Structures, 87, 267-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2009.01.003
  25. Kaveh, A. and Talatahari, S. (2009b), "Size optimization of space trusses using big bang-big crunch algorithm", Computers and Structures, 87, 1129-1140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2009.04.011
  26. Kelesoglu, O. (2007), "Fuzzy multiobjective optimization of truss-structures using genetic algorithm", Advances in Engineering Software, 38, 717-721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2007.03.003
  27. Kelesoglu, O. and Ulker, M. (2005), "Fuzzy optimization of geometrical nonlinear space truss design", Turkish J. Eng. Env. Sci., 29, 321-329.
  28. Kolahan, F., Abolbashari, M.H. and Mohitzadeh, S. (2007), "Simulated annealing application for structural optimization", World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 35, 326-329.
  29. Lamberti, L. (2008), "An efficient simulated annealing algorithm for design optimization of truss structures", Computers and Structures, 86, 1936-1953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2008.02.004
  30. Lamberti, L. and Pappalettere, C. (2000), "Comparison of the numerical efficiency of different sequential linear programming based algorithms for structural optimisation problems", Computers and Structures, 76, 713-728. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(99)00185-6
  31. Lamberti, L. and Pappalettere, C. (2003a), "A numerical code for lay-out optimization of skeletal structures with sequential linear programming", Engineering with Computers, 19, 101-129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00366-003-0258-y
  32. Lamberti, L. and Pappalettere, C. (2003b), "Move limits definition in structural optimization with sequential linear programming. Part I: Optimization algorithm", Computers & Structures, 81, 197-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(02)00442-X
  33. Lamberti, L. and Pappalettere, C. (2003c), "Move limits definition in structural optimization with sequential linear programming. Part II: Numerical examples", Computers & Structures, 81, 215-238. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-7949(02)00443-1
  34. Lamberti, L. and Pappalettere, C. (2004), "Improved sequential linear programming formulation for structural weight minimization", Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Engrg., 193, 3493-3521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2003.12.040
  35. Lamberti, L. and Pappalettere, C. (2005), "An efficient sequential linear programming algorithm for engineering optimization", Journal of Engineering Design, 16(3), 353-371. https://doi.org/10.1080/09544820500115717
  36. Lee, K.H., Kim, K.K. and Park, G.J. (1998), "Truss optimization considering homologous deformation under multiple loadings", Structural Optimization, 16, 193-200. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01202830
  37. Lee, K.S. and Geem, Z.W. (2004), "A new structural optimization method based on the harmony search algorithm", Computers and Structures, 82, 781-798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2004.01.002
  38. Luo, Z., Yang, J., Chen, L.P., Zhang, Y.Q. and Abdel-Malek, K. (2006), "A new hybrid fuzzy-goal programming scheme for multi-objective topological optimization of static and dynamic structures under multiple loading conditions", Struct Multidisc Optim., 31, 26-39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-005-0543-z
  39. Nouri, M. (2011), "Optimization of railway truss bridges based on reliability theory", MSC Thesis, School of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran.
  40. Payten, W.M. and Law, M. (1998), "Generalized shape optimization using stress constraints under multiple load cases", Structural Optimization, 15, 269-274. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01203542
  41. Pedersen, N.L. and Nielsen, A.K. (2003), "Optimization of practical trusses with constraints on eigenfrequencies, displacements, stresses, and buckling", Struct Multidisc Optim. 25, 436-445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-003-0294-7
  42. Perez, R.E. and Behdinan, K. (2007), "Particle swarm approach for structural design optimization", Computers and Structures, 85, 1579-1588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2006.10.013
  43. Pyrz, M. and Zawidzka, J. (2001), "Optimal discrete truss design using improved sequential and genetic algorithm", Engineering Computations, 18(8), 1078-1090. https://doi.org/10.1108/02644400110409177
  44. Rahami, H., Kaveh, A. and Gholipour, Y. (2008), "Sizing, geometry and topology optimization of trusses via force method and genetic algorithm", Engineering Structures, 30, 2360-2369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.01.012
  45. Rajeev, S. and Krishnamoorthy, C.S. (1992), "Discrete Optimization of Structures Using Genetic Algorithms", Journal of Structural Engineering, 118(5), 1233-1250. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:5(1233)
  46. Salajegheh, E., Salajegheh, J., Seyedpoor, S.M. and Khatibinia, M. (2009), "Optimal design of geometrically nonlinear space trusses using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system", Scientia Iranica, 16(5), 403-414.
  47. Sarma, K.C. and Adeli, H. (2000), "Fuzzy genetic algorithm for optimization", Journal of Structural Engineering, 126(5), 596-604. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2000)126:5(596)
  48. Schmit, L.A. and Farshi, B. (1974), "Some approximation concepts for structural synthesis", AIAA Journal, 12, 692-699. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.49321
  49. Sedaghati, R. (2005), "Benchmark case studies in structural design optimization using the force method", International Journal of Solids and Structures, 42, 5848-5871. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2005.03.030
  50. Sonmez, F.O. (2007), "Shape optimization of 2D structures using simulated annealing", Computers methods in applied mechanics and engineering, 196, 3279-3299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2007.01.019
  51. Sonmez, M. (2011), "Artificial bee colony algorithm for optimization of truss structures", Applied Soft Computing, 11, 2406-2418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2010.09.003
  52. Togan, V. and Daloglu, A.T. (2004), "An improved genetic algorithm with initial population strategy and self-adaptive member grouping", Comput. Struct., 86(11-12), 1204-1218.
  53. Togan, V. and Daloglu, A.T. (2009), "Bridge truss optimization under moving load using continuous and discrete design variables in optimization methods", Indian Journal of Engineering & Materials Sciences, 16, 245-258.
  54. Togan, V., Daloglu, A.T. and Karadeniz, H. (2011), "Optimization of trusses under uncertainties with harmony search", Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 37(5), 543-561. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2011.37.5.543
  55. Toklu, Y.C., Bekdas, G. and Temur, R. (2013), "Analysis of trusses by total potential optimization method coupled with harmony search", Structural Engineering and Mechanics, 45(2), 183-200. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2013.45.2.183
  56. UIC Code 776-1 (2006), Loads to be considered in railway bridge design, 5th Edition.
  57. Vanderplaats, G.N. (1982), "Structural optimization - past, present, and future", AIAA Journal, 20(7), 992-1000. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.51158
  58. Wei, L., Tang, T., Xie, X. and Shen, W. (2011), "Truss optimization on shape and sizing with frequency constraints based on parallel genetic algorithm", Struct Multidisc Optim., 43, 665-682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-010-0600-0
  59. Xu, T., Zuo, W., Xu, T., Song, G. and Li, R. (2010), "An adaptive reanalysis method for genetic algorithm with application to fast truss optimization", Acta. Mech. Sin. 26, 225-234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10409-009-0323-x
  60. Zhang, Z. (2007), "Immune optimization algorithm for constrained nonlinear multiobjective optimization problems", Applied Soft Computing, 7, 840-857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2006.02.008
  61. Zuo, W., Xu, T., Zhang, H. and Xu, T. (2011), "Fast structural optimization with frequency constraints by genetic algorithm using adaptive eigenvalue reanalysis methods", Struct Multidisc Optim., 43, 799-810. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-010-0610-y

Cited by

  1. A new PSRO algorithm for frequency constraint truss shape and size optimization vol.52, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2014.52.3.445
  2. A Simplified Probabilistic Method for Reliability Evaluation of Design Codes: Applied for Railway Bridges Designed by Eourocode vol.17, pp.1, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.17.1.97