Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute (콘크리트학회논문집)

Korea Concrete Institute (한국콘크리트학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Experimental Evaluation of Bi-directionally Unbonded Prestressed Concrete Panel Impact-Resistance Behavior under Impact Loading

충돌하중을 받는 이방향 비부착 프리스트레스트 콘크리트 패널부재의 충돌저항성능에 대한 실험적 거동 평가

  • Yi, Na-Hyun (Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lee, Sang-Won (Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Engineering, Yonsei University) ;
  • Lee, Seung-Jae (Defense Systems Test Center-3, Agency for Defense Development) ;
  • Kim, Jang-Ho Jay (Dept. of Civil and Environmental System Engineering, Yonsei University)
  • 이나현 (연세대학교 사회환경시스템공학부) ;
  • 이상원 (연세대학교 사회환경시스템공학부) ;
  • 이승재 (국방과학연구소) ;
  • 김장호 (연세대학교 사회환경시스템공학부)
  • Received : 2012.11.23
  • Accepted : 2013.05.30
  • Published : 2013.10.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

In recent years, frequent terror or military attacks by explosion or impact accidents have occurred. Examplary case of these attacks were World Trade Center collapse and US Department of Defense Pentagon attack on Sept. 11 of 2001. These attacks of the civil infrastructure have induced numerous casualties and property damage, which raised public concerns and anxiety of potential terrorist attacks. However, a existing design procedure for civil infrastructures do not consider a protective design for extreme loading scenario. Also, the extreme loading researches of prestressed concrete (PSC) member, which widely used for nuclear containment vessel, gas tank, bridges, and tunnel, are insufficient due to experimental limitations of loading characteristics. To protect concrete structures against extreme loading such as explosion and impact with high strain rate, understanding of the effect, characteristic, and propagation mechanism of extreme loadings on structures is needed. Therefore, in this paper, to evaluate the impact resistance capacity and its protective performance of bi-directional unbonded prestressed concrete member, impact tests were carried out on $1400mm{\times}1000mm{\times}300mm$ for reinforced concrete (RC), prestressed concrete without rebar (PS), prestressed concrete with rebar (PSR, general PSC) specimens. According to test site conditions, impact tests were performed with 14 kN impactor with drop height of 10 m, 5 m, 4 m for preliminary tests and 3.5 m for main tests. Also, in this study, the procedure, layout, and measurement system of impact tests were established. The impact resistance capacity was measured using crack patterns, damage rates, measuring value such as displacement, acceleration, and residual structural strength. The results can be used as basic research references for related research areas, which include protective design and impact numerical simulation under impact loading.

2001년 9.11테러로 인한 미국 세계무역센터 및 미국 국방성 펜타곤이 붕괴된 이후, 전 세계적으로 충돌, 폭발 등의 극한하중에 의한 테러가 빈번하게 발생하고 있으며, 극한하중에 의한 구조물의 거동에 대한 사회적 불안감은 더욱 증가되고 있다. 그러나 지금까지의 사회기반시설구조물에는 폭발 및 충돌 등과 같은 극한하중에 대한 방호 및 방재개념을 설계에 고려하지 못하고 있는 실정이며, 원전격납건물, 가스탱크, 교량, 터널 등에 널리 사용되는 프리스트레스트 콘크리트 구조물에 대한 극한하중 연구는 전 세계적으로 미흡하다. 충돌과 같은 극한하중은 집약된 에너지의 급작스런 방출로 인한 높은 충돌압력을 형성하므로, 극한하중의 특성 및 전파 메커니즘을 이해하는 것이 필요하다. 그러므로 이 연구에서는 이방향 비부착 프리스트레스트 콘크리트 패널의 충돌저항성능을 비교검토하기 위하여, $1400mm{\times}1000mm{\times}300mm$의 철근콘크리트(RC), 프리스트레스 텐던으로만 보강된 콘크리트(PS), 프리스트레스 텐던과 철근으로 보강된 콘크리트(PSR, 일반적인 PSC) 시편을 제작하였다. 실험 조건에 맞춰 14 kN의 추를 10 m, 5 m, 4 m 높이에서 낙하하는 예비 실험과 3.5 m 높이의 본 실험으로 구성하여 충돌하중에 대한 프리스트레스트 콘크리트 구조물의 실험적 평가를 수행하였다. 또한, 충돌실험을 위한 기본적인 실험 구성 및 계측시스템을 구축하였다. 충돌 저항성능은 균열형상, 손상면적, 에너지 흡수, 처짐, 변형률, 가속도 등의 충돌에 의한 계측데이터를 이용한 거동분석 뿐만 아니라, 충돌 후 잔류구조성능 실험을 수행하여 이방향 비부착 프리스트레스트 콘크리트 패널의 충돌저항성능을 검토하였다. 본 실험은 향후 국내외 프리스트레스트 콘크리트에 대한 충돌 방호설계 및 충돌해석 등 관련 연구분야의 기초자료가 될 것이라고 판단되는 바이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Yi, N. H., Kim, S. B., Kim, J. H. J., and Cho, Y. G, "Behavior Analysis of Concrete Structure under Blast Loading: (II)Blast Loading Response of Ultra High Strength Concrete and Reactive Powder Concrete Slabs," Journal of Korean Society of Civil Engineering, Vol. 29, No. 5A, 2009, pp. 565-575 (In Korean).
  2. Ha, J. H., Yi, N. H., Kim, S. B., Choi, J. K., and Kim, J. H. J., "Experimental Study on Blast Resistance Improvement of RC Panels by FRP Retrofitting," Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute, Vol. 22, No. 1, 2010, pp. 93-102 (In Korean). https://doi.org/10.4334/JKCI.2010.22.1.093
  3. Yoo, D. Y., Min, K. H., Lee, J. Y., and Yoon, Y. S., "Evaluating Impact Resistance of Externally Strengthened Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Slab with Fiber Reinforced Polymers," Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute, Vol. 24, No. 3, 2012, pp. 293-303 (In Korean). https://doi.org/10.4334/JKCI.2012.24.3.293
  4. Min, K. H., Shin, H. O., Yoo, D. Y., and Yoon, Y. S., "Flexural and Punching Behaviors of Concrete Strengthening with FRP Sheets and Steel Fibers under Low- Velocity Impact Loading," Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute, Vol. 23, No. 1, 2011, pp. 31-38 (In Korean). https://doi.org/10.4334/JKCI.2011.23.1.031
  5. Ha, J. H., Yi, N. H., Choi, J. K., and Kim, J. H. J., "Experimental Study on Hybrid CFRP-PU Strengthening Effect on RC Panels under Blast Loading," Composite Structures, Vol. 93, No. 8, 2011, pp. 2070-2082. (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2011.02.014)
  6. Yi, N. H., Kim, J. H. J., Han, T. S., Cho, Y. G., and Lee, J. H., "Blast-Resistant Characteristics of Ultra-High Strength Concrete and Reactive Powder Concrete," Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 28, No. 1, 2012, pp. 578-584. (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.09.014)
  7. Sugano, T., Tsubota, H., Kasai, Y., Koshika N., Ohnuma H., Riesemenn von W. A., Bickel D. C., and Parks M. B., "Local Damage to Reinforced Concrete Structures Caused by Impact of Aircraft Engine Missiles. Part 1. Test Program, Method and Results," Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 140, Issue 3, 1993, pp. 387-405. (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(93)90120-X)
  8. Sugano, T., Tsubota, H., Kasai, Y., Koshika, N., Itoh, C., Shirai, K., Riesemenn, von W. A., Bickel, D. C., and Parks, M. B., "Local Damage to Reinforced Concrete Structures Caused by Impact of Aircraft Engine Missiles. Part 2. Evaluation of Test Results," Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 140, 1993, pp. 407-423. https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(93)90121-O
  9. Abbas, H., Paul, D. K., Godbole, P. N., and Nayak, G. C., "Aircraft Crash Upon Outer Containment of Nuclear Power Plant," Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 160, 1996, pp. 13-50. (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(95)01049-1)
  10. Jovall, O., "Airplane Crash Simulations: Comparison of Analyses Results with Test Data, Transactions," 19th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology (SMiRT 19), Toronto, Canada, 2007, p.#wJ2/2.
  11. Katayama, M., Itoh, M., and Rainsberger, R., "Numerical Simulation of Jumbo Jet Impacting on Thick Concrete Walls-Effects of Reinforcement and Wall Thickness," 2nd Asian Conference on High Pressure Research (ACHPR- 2), Nara, Japan, 2004, pp. 1-7.
  12. Mizuno, J., Koshika, N., Sawamoto, Y., Niwa, N., Yamashita, T., and Suzuki, A., "Investigation on Impact Resistance of Steel Plate Reinforced Concrete Barriers Against Aircraft Impact Part 1: Test Program and Results, Transactions," 18th International Conference on Structural Mechnics in Reactor Technology (SMiRT 18), Beijing, China, 2005, pp. 2566-2579 (#05/2).
  13. Shahvar, F. V., "Assessing Impact Resistance of Concrete- Based Materials," University of California, Berkeley, Thesis of Doctor of Philosophy, 2008.
  14. Manolis, G. D., Gareis, P. J., Tsonos, A. D., and Neal, J. A., "Dynamic Properties of Polypropylene Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Slabs," Cement and Concrete Composites, Vol. 19, Issue 4, 1997, pp. 341-349. (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0958-9465(97)00030-9)
  15. Zineddin, M. Z., "Behavior of Structural Concrete Slabs under Localized Impact," The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, Thesis of Doctor of Philosophy, 2002, pp. 75-205.
  16. Zineddin, M. Z. and Krauthammer, T., "Dynamic Response and Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Slabs under Impact Loading," International Journal of Impact Engineering, Vol. 34, No. 9, 2007, pp. 1517-1534. (doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2006.10.012)
  17. Zhang, M. H., Shim, V. P. W., Lu, G., and Chew, C. W., "Resistance of High Strength Concrete to Projectile Impact," International Journal of Impact Engineering, Vol. 31, No. 7, 2005, pp. 825-841. (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2004.04.009)
  18. Dancygier, A. N. and Yankelevsky, D. Z, "High Strength Concrete Response to Hard Projectile Impact," International Journal of Impact Engineering, Vol. 18, No. 6, 1996, pp. 583-599. (doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0734-743X(95)00063-G)
  19. Riedel, W., Noldgena, M., Straburgera, E., Thomaa, K., and Fehlingc, E., "Local Damage to Ultra High Performance Concrete Structures Caused by an Impact," Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 240, Issue 10, 2010, pp. 2633-2642. (doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2010.07.036)

Cited by

  1. Experimental Study on Combined Failure Damage of Bi-directional Prestressed Concrete Panel under Impact-Fire Loading vol.26, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.4334/JKCI.2014.26.4.429