Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine (대한물리의학회지)

The Korean Society of Physical Medicine (대한물리의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Hold-Relax Technique for College Students with Hamstring Shortening

슬괵근 단축이 있는 대학생에 대한 유지-이완 기법의 효과

  • 오영택 (마산대학교 물리치료과)
  • Received : 2013.06.28
  • Accepted : 2013.08.02
  • Published : 2013.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of three PNF stretching techniques for improving hamstring flexibility and to compare the effectiveness of three PNF stretching techniques(direct and indirect and mix(direct&indirect) of hold-relax technique). METHODS: The subjects were randomly assigned into three groups: group1-direct-hold-relax technique(n=10); group2-indirect-hold-relax technique(n=8); group3-mix(direct&indirect)-hold-relax technique(n=10). For each group, stretch was performed three times a week for a period of three weeks. Hamstring flexibility for each group was measured using the ASLR and PSLR. RESULTS: The results showed significant improvement in hamstring flexibility for all subjects of three groups. However, were not significantly different between the three groups. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, three PNF stretching techniques are confirmed to be useful for improving hamstring flexibility. The choice for a qualified technique has to be made individually according to patient and therapist.

Keywords

References

  1. Adler SS, Beckers D, Buck M. PNF in Practice: An illustrated guide. 3rd ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. 2008.
  2. Azevedo DC, Lauria AC, Pereira AR et al. Intraexaminer and interexaminer reliability of pressure biofeedback unit for assessing lumbopelvic stability during 6 lower limb movement tests. Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics. 2013;36(1):33-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmpt.2012.12.008
  3. Chaitow L. Muscle energy techniques, Oxford, UK : Elsevier. 2001.
  4. Davis DS, Ashby PE, McCale KL et al. The effectiveness of 3 stretching techniques on hamstring flexibility using consistent stretching parameters. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2005;19(1):27-32.
  5. Davis DS, Quinn RO, Whiteman CT et al. Concurrent validity of four clinical tests used to measure hamstring flexibility. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2008;22(2):583-8. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31816359f2
  6. Etnyre BR & Abraham LD. Gains in Range of Ankle Dorsiflexion Using Three Popular Stretching Techniques. American Journal of Physical Medicine. 1986;65(4):189-96.
  7. Faulkner JA, Larkin LM, Claflin DR et al. Age-related changes in the structure and function of skeletal muscles. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology. 2007;34(11):1091-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2007.04752.x
  8. Feland JB, Myrer JW, Merrill RM. Acute changes in hamstring flexibility: PNF versus static stretch in senior athletes. Physical Therapy in Sports. 2, 2001;186-93 https://doi.org/10.1054/ptsp.2001.0076
  9. Ferber R, Ostering L, Gravelle D. Effect of PNF stretch techniques on knee flexor muscle EMG activity in older adults. Journal of Electromyography Kinesiology. 2002;12(5):391-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1050-6411(02)00047-0
  10. Fox M. Effect on hamstring flexibility of hamstring stretching compared to hamstring stretching and sacroiliac joint manipulation. Clinical Chiropractic. 2006;9(1):21-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clch.2006.01.005
  11. Heyward VH. Advanced fitness assessment and exercise prescription. 2nd ed. Champaign Illinois: Human Kinetics Books. 1991.
  12. Johnson EN & Thomas JS. Effect of hamstring flexibility on hip and lumbar spine joint excursions during forward reaching tasks in individuals with and without low back pain. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2010;91(7):1140-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2010.04.003
  13. Kim GC, Hwang BG. Research Article: Kinetic Analysis on the Lumbar at the Trunk Flexion according to the Degree of Hamstring Flexibility of Healthy Adult. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2012;7(4):501-7. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2012.7.4.501
  14. Kim SY. Comparison of Six Tests for Assessing Hamstring Muscle Length. The Journal Korean Academy of Orthopaedic Manual Physical Therapy. 1999:5(1):39-51.
  15. Kim YM. Effects of the Use of the Hold Relax Technique to Treat Female VDT Workers with Work-related Neck-shoulder Complaints. The Korean Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 2009;21(1):18-27.
  16. Kisner C & Colby LA. Therapeutic exercise: foundations and techniques. 5th ed. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis. 2007.
  17. Kwon HK, Jung HM. Effect of Strengthening Program for Nurses in Relation to Back Pain, Flexibility and Muscle Strength. Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society. 2009;11(1):213-28.
  18. Lee IS, Cho JY. Employment Stress, Physical Health, and Mental Health among College Students. Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society, 2011;13(2):745-58.
  19. Lee JW, Jung HM. The Relationship among Health Promoting Lifestyle, self-efficacy, perceived health status in college women. Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society. 2006;8(5):1807-16.
  20. Lee KH, Jung HM. The Effect of Core Program on Back Pain, Back Strength and Flexibility to Nurses. Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society. 2007;9(4):1693-06.
  21. Magee DJ. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. 5th ed. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier. 2008.
  22. Nagarwal AK, Zutshi K, Ram CS et al. Improvement of Hamstring Flexibility: A Comparison between Two PNF Stretching Techniques. International Journal of Sports Science and Engineering. 2010;4(1):25-33.
  23. Nachtwey MN & Stricker K. Effects of the PNF-hold-relaxtechnique, direct and indirect, on hamstring muscle flexibility. International Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Association; IPNFA Report. 2003.
  24. Ogura Y, Miyahara Y, Naito H et al. Duration of static stretching influences muscle force production in hamstring muscles, Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2007;21(3):788-92.
  25. Oh SJ. & Choi JD. The Study of Validity in Active Movement Control test for Low Back Pain Patients with or without Hamstring Shortening, Journal of The Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2012;7(4):443-50. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2012.7.4.443
  26. Oh YT. Effect of Balance Control Therapy on Low Back Pain on University Students, Journal of the Korean Data Analysis Society, 2011;13(4):1915-24.
  27. Osterig LR, Robertson RN, Troxel RK, Hansen P. Differential responses to proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching techniques, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 1990;22:106-11.
  28. Sharman MJ, Cresswell AG, Riek S. Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching Mechanisms and Clinical Implications, Sports Medicine, 2006;36(11):929-39. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200636110-00002
  29. Smith CA. The warm-up procedure: To stretch or not to stretch. A brief review, Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 1994;19:12-7. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.1994.19.1.12
  30. Spernoga SG, Uhl TL, Arnold BL et al. Duration of Maintained Hamstring Flexibility After a One-Time, Modified Hold-Relax Stretching Protocol. Journal of Athletic Training. 2001;36(1):44-8.

Cited by

  1. 골반 중립에 따른 뒤넙다리근 수동 신장 운동이 유연성과 족저압에 미치는 영향 vol.4, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.15268/ksim.2016.4.1.031
  2. 고유수용성신경근촉진법(PNF) 수축-이완 기법의 직접적 간접적 방법의 비교 vol.14, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.21598/jkpnfa.2016.14.1.7
  3. Effects of Superficial and Deep Thermotherapy with Hot-pack and Ultrasound on Flexibility on Hamstring Muscles vol.24, pp.2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.26862/jkpts.2017.09.24.2.45
  4. Comparison of the Changes in the Range of Motion on the Knee Joint According to the Contraction Intensity During Evjenth-Hamberg Stretching in Healthy Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study vol.14, pp.3, 2013, https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2019.14.3.1
  5. Comparison of the immediate effect of hamstring stretching techniques on hamstring muscle range of motion, pressure pain threshold and muscle tone vol.8, pp.4, 2019, https://doi.org/10.14474/ptrs.2019.8.4.210
  6. Effects of hamstring self-stretches on pelvic mobility in persons with low back pain vol.9, pp.3, 2013, https://doi.org/10.14474/ptrs.2020.9.3.140