Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
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Spatial Extension of Runoff Data in the Applications of a Lumped Concept Model

집중형 수문모형을 활용한 홍수유출자료 공간적 확장성 분석

  • Kim, Nam Won (Hydrology Research Div., Korea Institute of Construction Technology) ;
  • Jung, Yong (Hydrology Research Div., Korea Institute of Construction Technology) ;
  • Lee, Jeong Eun (Hydrology Research Div., Korea Institute of Construction Technology)
  • 김남원 (한국건설기술연구원, 수자원연구실) ;
  • 정용 (한국건설기술연구원, 수자원연구실) ;
  • 이정은 (한국건설기술연구원, 수자원연구실)
  • Received : 2013.05.10
  • Accepted : 2013.07.22
  • Published : 2013.09.30
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Abstract

Runoff data availability is a substantial factor for precise flood control such as flood frequency or flood forecasting. However, runoff depths and/or peak discharges for small watersheds are rarely measured which are necessary components for hydrological analysis. To compensate for this discrepancy, a lumped concept such as a Storage Function Method (SFM) was applied for the partitioned Choongju Dam Watershed in Korea. This area was divided into 22 small watersheds for measuring the capability of spatial extension of runoff data. The chosen total number of flood events for searching parameters of SFM was 21 from 1991 to 2009. The parameters for 22 small watersheds consist of physical property based (storage coefficient: k, storage exponent: p, lag time: $T_l$) and flood event based parameters (primary runoff ratio: $f_1$, saturated rainfall: $R_{sa}$). Saturated rainfall and base flow from event based parameters were explored with respect to inflow at Choongju Dam while other parameters for each small watershed were fixed. When inflow of Choongju Dam was optimized, Youngchoon and Panwoon stations obtained average of Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) were 0.67 and 0.52, respectively, which are in the satisfaction condition (NSE > 0.5) for model evaluation. This result is showing the possibility of spatial data extension using a lumped concept model.

홍수빈도해석이나 홍수예측과 같은 홍수조절을 위한 필수적인 정보는 유출자료이다. 하지만, 소규모 유역의 경우 유출자료를 측정하지 않는 미계측 유역의 다지점 분석과 총량분석을 위한 정보가 너무 부족한 실정으로 이를 극복하기 위한 방안을 제시하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 집중형 모델인 저류함수법를 활용하여 충주댐유역을 세분화하여 적용하였다. 충주댐 유역은 22개의 소유역으로 분류하였으며 충주댐 수위관측소의 유출자료의 공간적 확장성을 검증하였다. 홍수사상은 1990년부터 2009년까지의 21개 홍수사상을 활용하여 한 곳(충주댐 유입량)의 자료를 중심으로 22개 소유역의 저류함수법의 수문지형학적 특성에 관여하는 매개변수(k, p, $T_l$)를 고정하고 홍수사상마다 달라지는($f_1$, $R_{sa}$)를 최적화 하며 22개 유역의 유출자료를 생산하였다. 교차검증 지점인 영춘과 판운 수위관측소의 평균 Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE)는 충주댐의 유입량이 0.71을 나타낼 때 각각 0.67과 0.52를 나타내 유출자료의 확장성에 있어서 만족(NSE > 0.5)하는 범위에 들어 집중형 모형을 활용한 유출자료의 확장가능성을 보였다.

Keywords

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