International Journal of Human Ecology

대한가정학회 (The Korean Home Economics Association)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Adjustment of Korean First-Graders to Elementary School: The Role of Family Income, Type of Early Childhood Education Program, and Private Education Before and After School Entry

  • 투고 : 2012.09.29
  • 심사 : 2013.03.31
  • 발행 : 2013.06.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

This study reviews the current status of Korean first graders, their experience with early care and education (ECE) programs, and their participation in private and after-school education. The research also examines how school adjustment during the first grade is related to family income, types of ECE programs, and participation in private and after-school education. Using the first year data of the Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) 2010, this study analyzes 752 first graders who attended only one of two types of ECE programs (child care centers or kindergartens), after which two 25% income extremes were examined. The analysis demonstrates that children from low-income households attended child care centers more often, while children from high-income households attended kindergartens more often. For both low-income and high-income groups, child care centers had a lower starting age and longer attendance periods than did kindergartens. High-income household children started attending ECE programs earlier, experienced more private and after-school education, and received a larger number of private and after-school educational lessons. For the second research purpose, children from low-income families showed better peer relations in school adjustment, while children attending child care centers showed better teacher relations than children attending kindergartens. Children with after-school education also exhibited better peer relations. These findings show the importance of government support for early learning, especially for low-income families and offer a foundation for developing private education polices for early childhood before and after school entry.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Baek, S. H., & Cho, S. W. (2005). Study on factors of expenses and decision of child care and education for pre-schoolers. Korean Journal of Child Care and Education, 41, 429-455.
  2. Belsky, J., & MacKinnon, C. (1994). Transition to school: Developmental trajectories and school experiences. Early Education and Development, 5, 106-119. doi:10.1207/s15566935eed0502_3
  3. Belsky, J. Vandell, D., Burchinal, M., Clarke-Stewart, K. A., McCartney, K., Owen, M. T., & NICHD Early Child Care Research Network (2007). Are there long-term effects of early child care? Child Development, 78(2), 681-701. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007. 01021.x
  4. Birch, S. H., & Ladd, G. W. (1997). The teacher-child relationship and children's early school adjustment. Journal of School Psychology, 35(1), 61-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4405(96)00029-5
  5. Chang, H., & Chung, I. (2012). The developmental pathways from poverty and family structure to school adjustment of elementary schoolers. Korean Journal of Family Social Work, 37, 111-142.
  6. Cho, G. J. (2011). Analysis of after-school activities of Korean elementary and middle school students. The First Korean Children and Adolescent Panel Investigation Conference, 225-258. Seoul, Korea.
  7. Chung, K. (2009). Korean English fever in the U.S.: Temporary migrant parents' evolving beliefs about normal parenting practices and children's natural language learning. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL.
  8. Eckert, T. L., McIntyre, L. L., DiGennaro, F. D., Arbolino, L., Begeny, J., & Perry, L. J. (2008). Researching the transition to kindergarten for typically developing children: A literature review of current processes, practices, and programs. In D. H. Molina (Ed.), School psychology: Twenty-first century issues and challenges (pp. 235-252). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science.
  9. Entwisle, D. R., & Alexander, K. L. (1998). Facilitating the transition to first grade: The nature of transition and research on factors affecting it. The Elementary School Journal, 98(4), 351-364. https://doi.org/10.1086/461901
  10. Entwisle, D. R., Alexsander, K. L., & Olson, L. S. (2007). Early schooling: The handicap of being poor and male. Sociology of Education, 80, 114-138. doi:10.1177/003804070708000202
  11. Fantuzzo, J. W., Rouse, H. L., McDermott, P. A., Sekino, Y., Childs, S., & Weiss, A. (2005). Early childhood experiences and kindergarten success: A population-based study of a large urban setting. School Psychology Review, 34(4), 571-588.
  12. Han, Y. M. (2010). Contributors of extra-curricular activities of preschool children: Focused on home environment factors and maternal beliefs about factors on academic achievement. Korean Journal of Community Living Science, 21(1), 81-90.
  13. Han, Y., Hokoda, A., & Song, H. (2009). Beliefs of early childhood education of Korean-American mothers and Caucasian mothers. Korean Journal of Child Care and Education, 57, 271-288.
  14. Hong, E. J. (2001). Influence of mothers' pressure on accomplishment, private institute, and use of worksheet in young children's stress. Unpublished master's thesis, Ewha Womens University, Seoul, Korea.
  15. Howes, C., Burchinal, M. R., Pianta, R. C., Bryant, D. M., Early, D. M., Clifford, R., et al. (2008). Ready to learn?: Children's pre-academic achievement in pre-kindergarten programs. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 23, 27-50. doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2007.05.002
  16. Hwang, Y. S. (2011). Development and validation of rating young children's adjustment to preschool. Journal of Early Childhood Education, 31(4), 315-329. https://doi.org/10.18023/kjece.2011.31.4.014
  17. Jeong, D. H. (2002). Studies on factors of child stress. Educational Problem Studies, 17, 135-153.
  18. Kim, E., Cho, H., & Kim, K. (2009). Report on implementation of extracurricular activities at kindergarten. Research Repot 2009-04, Korea Institute of Child Care and Education.
  19. Kim, H., Lim, H., Kim, Y., Yang, A., & Jeong, Y. (2010). Study on analysis of achievement of after-school education. CR2010-45, Korea Educational Development Institute.
  20. Kim, J. (2009). The impact of economic pressure on school life and problem behavior of poor children: Focusing on family risk variables and verification of mediating effect of negative parental role. Journal of the Korean Society of Child Welfare, 28, 7-43.
  21. Kim, K. (2011). Influence of poverty on academic adjustment of children and adolescents. The First Korean Children and Adolescent Panel Investigation Conference, 323-334. Seoul, Korea.
  22. Kim, S. (2011). Influence of educational experience and academic activities on school adjustment of elementary school students. The First Korean Children and Adolescent Panel Investigation Conference, 335-347. Seoul, Korea.
  23. Kimmel, J. (2006). Child care, female employment, and economic growth. Journal of the Community Development Society, 37(2), 71-85. doi:10.1080/15575330609490208
  24. Klein, H. (1982). The relationship between children's temperament and adjustment to kindergarten and Head Start settings. The Journal of Psychology, 112, 259-268. doi:10.1080/00223980.1982.9915383
  25. Korea Institute of Child Care and Education (2011). Early education and care key statistics. Retrieved from http://kicce.re.kr/kor/publication/04_04.jsp?mode= view&idx=3468&startPage=0&listNo=87&code=etc04&search_item=&search_order=&order_list=10&list_scale=10&view_level=0
  26. Kwak, K. J., Kim, J. M., & Yoo, J. M. (2007). The effects of poverty, parents' variances, home environment and child development on 3-year-old children. Korean Journal of Psychology Development, 20, 83-98.
  27. Ladd, G. W., Kochenderfer, B. J., & Coleman, C. C. (1996). Friendship quality as a predictor of young children's early school adjustment. Child Development, 67, 1103-1118. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01785.x
  28. Lee, G. S., & Kim, J. H. (2010). Analysis of private tutoring expenses for young children by family characteristics. Journal of Future Early Childhood Education, 17(1), 21-38.
  29. Lee, J. (2011). An empirical study on participation in children's private education and private education expenses. Unpublished master's thesis, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea.
  30. Margetts, K. (2009). Early transition and adjustment and children's adjustment after six years of schooling. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 17(3), 309-324. doi:10.1080/13502930903101511
  31. McIntyre, L. L., Blacher, J., & Baker, B. L. (2006). The transition to school: Adaptation in young children with and without developmental delays. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 50, 349-361. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2006.00783.x
  32. Meyers, M., & Jordan, L. P. (2006). Choice and accommodation in parental child care decisions. Journal of the Community Development Society, 37(2), 53-70. doi:10.1080/15575330609490207
  33. Michalopoulos, C., & Robins, P. K. (2002). Employment and child-care choices of single-parent families in Canada and the United States. Journal of Population Economics,15(3), 465-493. doi:10.1007/s001480100099
  34. Min, B. S. (1991). The effects of elementary school children's school adaptation and self concept on their academic performance. Unpublished master's thesis, Hongik University, Seoul, Korea.
  35. Min, H., & Kawn, K. (2004). The school adjustment of children of low-income families: Ego-identity and perceptions of parenting behaviors. Korean Journal of Child Studies, 25(2), 81-92.
  36. Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2009). 2009 revision of early childhood education tuition support plan. Retrieved from http://www.mest.go.kr/web/283/ko/board/view.do?bbsId=46&boardSeq=18289
  37. Ministry of Health and Welfare (2009). 2009 guideline for childcare work. Retrieved from http://www.mw.go.kr/front/al/sal0101vw.jsp?PAR_MENU_ID=04&MENU_ID=040102&CONT_SEQ=205255&page=1
  38. Ministry of Health and Welfare & Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2012). Completion and announcement of 3-5 age specific Nuri Curriculum. Retrieved from http://www.mw.go.kr/front/al/sal0301vw.jsp?PAR_MENU_ID=04&MENU_ID=0403 &CONT_SEQ=274175&page=11
  39. Na, J. (2004). Holistic diagnosis and analysis of Korean early childhood education and early care policy: Perspective of OECD. Retrieved from http://oecd.kedi.re.kr/Report/Oecd/Report01_viw.php?LstCode=B_DATA&LstCary=B00316&LstNum1=1354
  40. Na, J., & Suh, M. (2005). Education and care in infant and early childhood. In S. Lee (Ed.), Population aging and education and development of work force (pp. 8-57). Research Report 05-10-04, Korea Development Center.
  41. National Youth Policy Institute (2010). User's guide for the first year of Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS) elementary 1 panel. Retrieved from http://archive.nypi.re.kr/sub.asp?Mcode=C030000&BID=B36
  42. National Youth Policy Institute (2012). Korean Child and Youth Panel Survey. Retrieved http://archive.nypi.re.kr/sub.asp?Mcode=C030000
  43. Peisner-Feinberg, E., Burchinal, M. R., Clifford, R. M., Culkin, M. L., Howes, C., Kagan, S. L., & Yazejian, N. (2001). The relation of preschool child-care quality to children's cognitive and social developmental trajectories through second grade. Child Development, 72, 1534-1553. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00364
  44. Pianta, R. C. (1997). Adult-child relationship processes and early schooling. Early Education and Development, 8, 11-26. doi:10.1207/s15566935eed0801_2
  45. Posner, J., & Vandell, D. (1994). Low-income children's after-school care: Are there beneficial effects of after-school programs? Child Development, 65(2), 440-456. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00762.x
  46. Posner, J., Vandell, D., & Lowe, D. (1999). After-school activities and the development of low-income urban children: A longitudinal study. Developmental Psychology, 35(3), 868-879. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.35.3.868
  47. Powell, D., & Widdows, R. (1997). Social and economic factors associated with parents' decisions about after-school child care: An exploratory study in a medium-sized community. Child and Youth Care Forum, 16(4), 272-282. doi:10.1007/BF01085830
  48. Reynolds, A. J., & Bezruczko, N. (1993). School adjustment of children at risk through fourth grade. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 39, 457-480.
  49. Rhee, O., Kim, E., Shin, N., Moon, M., & Choi, H. (2006). A study on cooperation and integration of early childhood education and care to enhance the efficiency of policies. Research Report 2006-01, Korea Institute of Child Care and Education.
  50. Spitz, B. L., Sandberg, E. H., Maher, E., & Zajdel, R. T. (2010). Models of emotion skills and social competence in the Head Start classroom. Early Education and Development, 21(4), 495-516. doi:10.1080/10409280902895097
  51. Statistics Korea (2009). Trend of society in Korea 2009. Retrieved from http://kostat.go.kr/portal/korea/kor_nw/2/1/index.board?bmode=read&bSeq=&aSeq=68887&pageNo=51&rowNum=10&navCount=10&currPg=&sTarget=title&sTxt=
  52. Suh, M., Ahn, J., Choi, H., Soma, N., & Ahn, J. (2009). Study on effect of support for infant/toddler caring expenses. Research Report 2009-05, Korea Institute of Child Care and Education.
  53. Suh, M., Choi, Y., & Kim, M. (2011). Accomplishment and problems of early care policy in 2011. Research Report 2011-21, Korea Institute of Child Care and Education.
  54. Suh, M., Yoo, H., & Lee, S. (2011). Study on effect of early child care service business for low-income households. http://www.womenfund.or.kr/data/2011/7/25/34039_113610.pdf
  55. Vandell, D. L., Belsky, J., Burchinal, M., Steinberg, L., Vandergrift, N., & NICHD Early Child Care Research Network (2010). Do effects of early child care extend to age 15 years?: Results from the NICHD study of early child care and youth development. Child Development, 81(3), 737-756. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01431.x
  56. Woo, N., Baek, H., & Kim, H. (2005). Analysis of influence of early private education on children's cognitive, emotional and social development: Centering on perception of kindergarten directors. Early Childhood Education Studies, 25(1), 5-24.
  57. Woo, N., Kim, Y. S., Lee, E. J., & Kim, H. S. (2009). Examining mothers' perception and current status concerning their children's education and nurturing in the low birthrate era. Journal of Future Early Childhood Education, 16(3), 297-325.
  58. Yang, S., & Rettig, K. D. (2005). Korean-American mothers' experiences in facilitating academic success for their adolescents. Marriage and Family Review, 36, 53-74. doi:10.1300/J002v36n03_04