Journal of Communications and Networks

The Korean Institute of Commucations and Information Sciences (한국통신학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Spectrum Leasing and Cooperative Resource Allocation in Cognitive OFDMA Networks

  • Tao, Meixia (Department of Electronic Engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University) ;
  • Liu, Yuan (Department of Electronic Engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
  • Received : 2012.03.06
  • Accepted : 2012.09.02
  • Published : 2013.02.28
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This paper considers a cooperative orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)-based cognitive radio network where the primary system leases some of its subchannels to the secondary system for a fraction of time in exchange for the secondary users (SUs) assisting the transmission of primary users (PUs) as relays. Our aim is to determine the cooperation strategies among the primary and secondary systems so as to maximize the sum-rate of SUs while maintaining quality-of-service (QoS) requirements of PUs. We formulate a joint optimization problem of PU transmission mode selection, SU (or relay) selection, subcarrier assignment, power control, and time allocation. By applying dual method, this mixed integer programming problem is decomposed into parallel per-subcarrier subproblems, with each determining the cooperation strategy between one PU and one SU. We show that, on each leased subcarrier, the optimal strategy is to let a SU exclusively act as a relay or transmit for itself. This result is fundamentally different from the conventional spectrum leasing in single-channel systems where a SU must transmit a fraction of time for itself if it helps the PU's transmission. We then propose a subgradient-based algorithm to find the asymptotically optimal solution to the primal problem in polynomial time. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can significantly enhance the network performance.

Keywords

References

  1. S. Haykin, "Cognitive radios: Brain-empowered wireless communications," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 201-220, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2004.839380
  2. I. F. Akyildiz, W.-Y. Lee, M. C. Vuran, and S. Mohanty, "Next generation/ dynamic spectrum access/cognitive radio wireless networks: A survey," Comput. Netw., vol. 50, no. 13, pp. 2127-2159, Sep. 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2006.05.001
  3. O. Simeone, I. Stanojev, S. Savazzi, Y. Bar-Ness, U. Spagnolini, and R. Pickholtz, "Spectrum leasing to cooperating secondary ad hoc networks," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 203-213, Jan. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2008.080118
  4. J. Zhang and Q. Zhang, "Stackelberg game for utility-based cooperative cognitive radio networks," in Proc. ACM MobiHoc, 2009.
  5. T. A. Weiss and F. K. Jondral, "Spectrum pooling: An innovative strategy for the enhancement of spectrum efficiency," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 42, no. 3, pp. S8-S14, Mar. 2004.
  6. P. Wang, M. Zhao, L. Xiao, S. Zhou, and J. Wang, "Power allocation in OFDM-based cognitive radio systems," in Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM, 2007, pp. 4061-4065.
  7. G. Bansal, M. J. Hossain, and V. K. Bhargava, "Optimal and suboptimal power allocation schemes for OFDM-based cognitive radio systems," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 4710-4718, Nov. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/T-WC.2008.07091
  8. Y. Ma, D. I. Kim, and Z. Wu, "Optimization of OFDMA-based cellular cognitive radio networks," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 58, no. 8, pp. 2265-2271, Aug. 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2010.08.080444
  9. B. Rankov and A. Wittneben, "Spectral efficient protocols for half-duplex fading relay channels," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 379-389, Feb. 2007. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2007.070213
  10. P. Popovski and H. Yomo, "Physical network coding in two-way wireless relay channels," in Proc. IEEE ICC, 2007, pp. 707-712.
  11. S. J. Kim, P. Mitran, and V. Tarokh, "Performance bounds for bidirectional coded cooperation protocols," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 5235-5241, Aug. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2008.929913
  12. C. Stevenson, G. Chouinard, Z. Lei,W. Hu, S. Shellhammer, and W. Caldwell, "IEEE 802.22: The first cognitive radio wireless regional area network standard," IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 130-138, Jan. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2009.4752688
  13. V. Brik, E. Rozner, S. Banerjee, and P. Bahl, "DSAP: A protocol for coordinated spectrum access," in Proc. IEEE DySPAN, 2005, pp. 611-614.
  14. J. Jia, J. Zhang, and Q. Zhang, "Cooperative relay for cognitive radio networks," in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM, 2009, pp. 2304-2312.
  15. C. Sun and K. B. Letaief, "User cooperation in heterogeneous cognitive radio networks with interference reduction," in Proc. IEEE ICC, 2008.
  16. L. B. Le and E. Hossain, "Resource allocation for spectrum underlay in cognitive radio networks," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 7, no. 12, pp. 5306-5315, Dec. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/T-WC.2008.070890
  17. A. T. Hoang, Y.-C. Liang, and M. H. Islam, "Power control and channel allocation in cognitive radio networks with primary users' cooperation," IEEE Trans. Mobile Comput., vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 348-360, Mar. 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2009.136
  18. G.-D. Zhao, C.-Y. Yang, G. Y. Li, D.-D. Li, and A. C. K. Soong, "Power and channel allocation for cooperative relay in cognitive radio networks," IEEE J. Sel. Topics Signal Proc., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 151-159, Feb. 2011. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2010.2052784
  19. X. Kang, H. K. Garg, Y. C. Liang, and R. Zhang, "Optimal power allocation for OFDM-based cognitive radios with new primary transmission protection criteria," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 9, no. 6, pp. 2066-2075, June. 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2010.06.090912
  20. Y. Yi, J. Zhang, Q. Zhang, T. Jiang, and J. Zhang, "Cooperative communication-aware spectrum leasing in cognitive radio networks," in Proc. IEEE DySPAN, Apr. 2010.
  21. W. Yu and R. Lui, "Dual methods for nonconvex spectrum optimization of multicarrier systems," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 54, no. 7, pp. 1310-1322, July. 2006. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2006.877962
  22. T. C.-Y. Ng andW. Yu, "Joint optimization of relay strategies and resource allocations in cooperative cellular networks," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 328-339, Feb. 2007. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2007.070209
  23. S. Boyd and L. Vandenberghe, Convex Optimization. U.K.: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004.
  24. R. G. Bland, D. Goldfarb, and M. J. Todd, "The ellipsoid method: A survey," Oper. Res., vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 1039-1091, Nov.-Dec., 1981. https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.29.6.1039
  25. Y. Liu, M. Tao, B. Li, and H. Shen, "Optimization framework and graph-based approach for relay-assisted bidirectional OFDMA cellular networks," IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun., vol. 9, no. 11, pp. 3490-3500, Nov. 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/TWC.2010.092410.100093
  26. K. Jitvanichphaibool, R. Zhang, and Y. C. Liang, "Optimal resource allocation for two-way relay-assisted OFDMA," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 3311-3321, Sept. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2009.2015951
  27. Y. Liu and M. Tao, "Optimal channel and relay assignment in OFDMbased multi-relay multi-pair two-way communication networks," IEEE Trans. Commun., vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 317-321, Feb. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2011.102011.100277
  28. H. Zhang, Y. Liu, and M. Tao, "Resource allocation with subcarrier pairing in OFDMA two-way relay networks," IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 61-64, Apr. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1109/WCL.2012.011712.110170
  29. Y. Liu, J. Mo, and M. Tao, "QoS-aware policies for OFDM bidirectional transmission with decode-and-forward relaying," in Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM, 2012.
  30. C. Lin, Y. Liu, and M. Tao, "Cross-layer optimization of two-way relaying for statistical QoS guarantees," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., to appear.
  31. L.-L. Xie, "Network coding and random binning for multi-user channels," in Proc. IEEE CWIT, 2007.
  32. T. J. Oechtering, C. Schnurr, I. Bjelakovic, and H. Boche, "Broadcast capacity region of two-phase bidirectional relaying," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 454-458, Jan. 2008. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2007.911158
  33. D. N. C. Tse and S. V. Hanly, "Multiaccess fading channels-Part I: Polymatroid structure, optimal resource allocation and throughput capacities," IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 2796-2815, Nov. 1998. https://doi.org/10.1109/18.737513
  34. V. Erceg, L. Greenstein, S. Tjandra, S. Parkoff, A. Gupta, B. Kulic, A. Julius, and R. Jastrzab, "An empirically based path loss model for wireless channels in suburban environments," IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 17, no. 7, pp. 1205-1211, July. 1999. https://doi.org/10.1109/49.778178