Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction (한국건축시공학회지)

The Korean Institute of Building Construction (한국건축시공학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Causes of Change Orders in the Military Facility Construction Projects and Suggestions for Improvement

군사시설 건설사업의 설계변경 요인분석 및 개선방향

  • Lee, Kyoung-Han (Department of Architectural Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul Campus) ;
  • Choi, Jong-Soo (Department of Architectural Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul Campus)
  • Received : 2012.12.03
  • Accepted : 2013.03.14
  • Published : 2013.06.20
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Change orders have been widespread in both the private and public construction sectors. In particular, in the case of G2B (Government to Business) contracts, adjustment of contract price and/or schedule extension is a frequent occurrence due to change orders. To uncover the causes of change orders and suggest an appropriate strategy, this study analyzed 296 cases of change orders in military facility construction projects from 2008 to 2010. The analysis revealed that the major causes of change orders are users' additional requirements (28.38%), a change of finishing materials (23.99%), and change of footing type (17.57%), in that order. Building on the results of this analysis, the authors suggest plans for practical improvements. Specific recommendations include 1) reflect user requirements at the early stage, 2) minimize the use of additional budget due to change orders, and 3) reduce the process and time for contract amendment, among others. The results of this study may provide significant implications to those involved in military construction projects, particularly project owners (i.e., the Ministry of Defense) and contractors.

Keywords

References

  1. Sun M, Meng X. Taxonomy for change causes and effects in construction projects. International Journal of Project Management. 2009 Aug;27(6):560-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2008.10.005
  2. Hwang BG, Low LK. Construction project change management in Singapore: Status, importance and impact. International Journal of Project Management. 2012 Oct;30(7):817-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2011.11.001
  3. Hanna AS, Camlic R, Peterson PA, Nordheim EV. Quantitative definition of projects impacted by change orders. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management. 2002 Jan;128(1):57-64. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2002)128:1(57)
  4. Hsieh TY, Lu ST, Wu CH. Statistical analysis of causes for change orders in metropolitan public works. International Journal of Project Management. 2004 Nov;22(8):679-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2004.03.005
  5. Wu CH, Hsieh TY, Cheng WL. Statistical analysis of causes for design change in highway construction on Taiwan. International Journal of Project Management. 2005 Oct;23(7):554-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2004.07.010
  6. Wu CH, Hsieh TY, Cheng WL, Lu ST. Grey relation analysis of causes for change orders in highway construction. Construction Management and Economics. 2004 Jun;22(5):509-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144619042000202735
  7. Shin CH, Lee JS, Chun JY. A study on process improvement of the building design change support by case studies. Journal of Architectural Institute of Korea. 2010 Oct;26(10):3-10.
  8. Kim SW, Nam HW, Lee JS, Shin CH, Chun JY. Case survey and analysis for the proper design changes management. Proceeding of Annual Conference of the Architectural Institute of Korea; 2009 Oct 24; Kangwon University. Seoul (Korea): Architectural Institute of Korea; 2009. p. 605-8.
  9. Park GS, Jin SH, Kim YS. A study on the development of change order management system for SOC (Social Overhead Capital) project. Proceeding of Architectural Institute of Korea, 2000 Spring Conference; 2000 April 29; Myongji University. Seoul (Korea): Architectural Institute of Korea; 2000. p. 427-30.
  10. Park WH, Paek JH. A study on design additional fee estimation by change order. Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Building Construction; 2009 May 23; Yonsei University. Seoul (Korea): the Korea Institute of Building Construction; 2009. p. 155-8.
  11. Im CS, Lee GC. The influence of construction cost by the variation of design. Journal of Architectural Institute of Korea. 2004 Nov;20(11):107-14.
  12. Lee JS, Chun JY. Decision making process for alternative selection of proper design change in construction project. Korea Institute of Construction Engineering and Management. 2010 Mar;11(2):74-82. https://doi.org/10.6106/KJCEM.2010.11.2.74
  13. Kim SH. The rationalization of contract sum adjustment through case study of price fluctuation adjustment based on index adjustment method. Korea Institute of Construction Engineering and Management. 2011 Jul;12(4):70-8. https://doi.org/10.6106/KJCEM.2011.12.4.70
  14. Kim IH. A study on the methodology of rational planning and decision of military facility construction cost(1). Journal of Architectural Institute of Korea. 1994 Jun;10(6):13-20.
  15. Park JW, Son BS, Lee HS. A budget estimation model for military facility construction using cost index. Journal of Architectural Institute of Korea. 2005 Feb;21(2):111-21.
  16. Lee HS, Jung MG, Park MS, Son BS. Cost estimation for public facilities at early stage using functional area cost: Focusing on army barracks. Korea Institute of Construction Engineering and Management. 2010 Nov;11(6):3-13.
  17. Hanna AS, Russell JS, Vandenberg PJ. The impact of change orders on mechanical construction labor efficiency. Construction Management and Economics. 1999 Dec;17(6):721-30. https://doi.org/10.1080/014461999371060
  18. Senaratne S, Sexton M. Managing construction project change: A knowledge management perspective. Construction Management and Economics. 2008 Oct-Dec;26(12):1303-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/01446190802621044
  19. Ha SJ, Lee CS. An analyzing method of liability for change claims in public construction projects. Journal of Architectural Institute of Korea. 1999 May;15(5):135-42.

Cited by

  1. A Study on Change order factor analysis for military facility projects vol.17, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.6106/KJCEM.2016.17.2.127