Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene (한국산업보건학회지)

Korean Industrial Hygiene Association (한국산업보건학회)
권호 표지

Human Health Risk Assessment of n-Butyl Glycidyl Ether from Occupational Workplaces

작업장에서의 n-부틸 글리시딜 에테르에 대한 건강 위험성 평가

  • Moon, Hyung-Il (Department of Environmental Health, College of Health Science, Korea University) ;
  • Choi, Hyeon-Il (Department of Environmental Health, College of Health Science, Korea University) ;
  • Sin, Saemi (Department of Environmental Health, College of Health Science, Korea University) ;
  • Byeon, Sang-Hoon (Department of Environmental Health, College of Health Science, Korea University)
  • 문형일 (고려대학교 환경보건학과) ;
  • 최현일 (고려대학교 환경보건학과) ;
  • 신새미 (고려대학교 환경보건학과) ;
  • 변상훈 (고려대학교 환경보건학과)
  • Published : 2013.03.31
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the health risk of workers exposed to butyl glycidyl ether to prevent them from developing occupational diseases. Methods: The workplaces that coat floor with epoxy were selected and the samples were collected and analyzed with NIOSH 1616 Method. We calculate workplace reference concentration using with NOAEL estimated by the study of Anderson et al. in 1978. Risk was calculated by the ratio of exposure to workplace reference concentration. Monte-Carlo simulation was performed to derivate the median, cumulative 90%, and cumulative 95% value by using Crystal Ball. Results: Butyl glycidyl ether is a skin, eye irritator and can result in central nervous system depression, allergic reaction. NOAEL was 38 ppm and workplace reference concentration was calculated as 0.73 ppm corrected with uncertainty factors. Geometric mean was 1.152 ppm and geometric standard deviation was 1.522 by the workplace environment measurement. The median, cumulative 90%, and cumulative 95% value of risk were calculated as 1.617, 1.934, and 2.092, respectively. Conclusions: Not only cumulative 90% and cumulative 95% value but also the median of risk is higher than 1.0 by the risk characterization, so it can do a lot of harm to workers. Therefore, the process of derivating workplace reference concentration and the appropriacy of the uncertainty factors should be re-examined.

Keywords

References

  1. Chen, L.J., Lebetkin, E.H., Nwakpuda, E.I., Burka, L.T.. Metabolism and disposition of n-butyl glycidyl ether in F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. Drug metabolism and disposition. 2007; 35(12).
  2. Cheol-Hong Lim, Jeong-Sun Yang, Sang-Yong Park. A Harmonized Method for Dose-response Risk Assessment Based on the Hazard & Risk Evaluation of Chemicals (HREC) According to the Industrial Safety and Health Act (ISHA). J Korean Soc Occp Envirn Hyg. 2012; 22(3): 175-183.
  3. European Chemical Bureau. Technical guidance document on risk assessment. 2004.
  4. Fregert, S., Rorsmann, H.. Allergens in epoxy resins. Acta Allergol. 1964; 19: 296. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1964.tb03249.x
  5. Hazardous substances data bank(HSDB). n-Butyl Glycidyl Ether: Chemical/Physical Properties. http://www.toxnet.-nlm.nih.gov. 2006.
  6. Hine, C.H., Kodama, J.K., Wellingron, J.S., Dunlap, M.K., Anderson, H.H.. The toxicology of glycidol and some glycidol ethers. AMA archives of industrial health. 1956; 14: 250-264.
  7. Hyeon-Yeong Kim, Yang-In Hwang, Won-Kwen Kuk. Hazards and Workplace Management of Ammonium nitrate. J Korean Soc Occp Envirn Hyg. 2012; 22(3): 175-183.
  8. Je Bong Lee, Jin Sup Shin, Mi-Hye Jeong, Yeon-Ki Park, Geon-Jae Im. Operator exposure risk assessment of benzimidazole fungicides on Korean agricultural condition. The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science. 2005; 9(4): 347-353.
  9. Kanerva, L., Jolanli, R., Alanko, K., Estlander, T.. Patch test reactions to plastic and glue allergens. Acta Derm Venereol. 1999; 79(4): 296-300. https://doi.org/10.1080/000155599750010706
  10. Kligmann AM. The identification of contact allergens by human assay III. The maximization test-a proccedure for screening and rating contact sensitizers. J Invest Dermatol. 1996; 47: 393-409.
  11. Lea WA, Block WB., Cornish HH: The irritating and sensitizing capacity of epoxy resins. Arch Dermatol. 1958; 78: 304-308. https://doi.org/10.1001/archderm.1958.01560090016004
  12. Ministry of Employment and Labor. Regulations on Risk Assessment of Chemicals (Regulations of Ministry of Employment and Labor No. 10). 2011.
  13. Ministry of Environment. Findings on the Amount of Distribution of Chemicals. 2002.
  14. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH): n-Butyl Glycidyl Ether Method 1616. NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods(NMAM). Fourth Edition. 1994.
  15. National Toxicology Program(NTP). n-Butyl glycidyl ether(BGE) [CAS No. 2426-08-6]. Review of toxicological literature. National Toxicology Program(NTP), NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, NC. 2004.
  16. Sang-Hoon Byeon, Ho-Chun Choi, Ho-Jeong Park, Cheol-Min Lee, Seung-Gil Lee. Risk Assessment of Hazardous Chemical Substances in 2012 (I). Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute Report. 2012.
  17. Sang-Hoon Byeon, Young-Hwan Kim, Jae-Wook Choi, Jong-Ryeul Sohn, Kyung-Hwan Moon. A Review on Chemical Occupational Exposure Limits. Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute Report. 2006.
  18. Tarvainen, K.. Analysis of patients with allergic patch test reactions to a plastics and glues series. Contact Dermatitis. 1995; 32(6): 346-351. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1995.tb00623.x
  19. The Information of Chemicals in Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency. GHS MSDS. n-Butyl glycidyl ether. 2005.
  20. Won-Kwen Kuk, Kyung-Seok Song, Mu-Hyuk Lim, Cheol Min Lee, Jin-Shik Kim. A Study on the Assessment of Hazardous Properties of the Chemicals (I). Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute Report. 2010.
  21. Woo Jin Jung, Chi Nyon Kim, Jong Uk Won, Ki Youn Kim, Jae Hoon Roh. Health Risk Assessment for Workers Exposed to Diazinon Insecticide. J Korean Soc Occp Envirn Hyg. 2012; 22(2): 100-106.
  22. World Health Organization (WHO). Declaration on Occupational Health For All. http://www.who.int/occupational_health/publications/declaration/en/index.html. 1994.
  23. Xue, B., Lei, ZM.. The study of immunotoxicity of butyl glycidyl ether. Chinese journal of preventive medicine. 1988; 22(1): 11-13.
  24. Yong Cheol Jang, Sung Woo Lee, Yong Seung Shin, Hee Kap Kim, Jong Hyun Lee. Human Health Risk Assessment of Benzene from Industrial Complexes of Chungcheong and Jeonla Province. Korean Society of Environmental Impact Assessment. 2011; 20(4): 497-507.
  25. You-Mi Lee, Huun-Nam Kim, Ji-Hye Lee, Jae-Hyoun Kim. Studies for Risk Assessment of Cosmetic Ingredients. The Korean Journal of Beauty Design. 2009; 5(2): 175-191.
  26. Young-Mi Kim, Hyun-Wook Kim. The assessment of health risk and subjective symptoms of printing workers exposed to mixed organic solvents. J Korean Soc Occp Envirn Hyg. 2009; 19(3): 270-279.
  27. Young-Wook Lim, Ji-Yeon Yang, Hyeon-Su Kim, Yong-Jin Lee, Shin-Young Lee. A Study on the Assessment of Hazardous Properties of the Chemicals (II). Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute Report. 2010.