DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Ginsenoside Rb1 is Transformed into Rd and Rh2 by Microbacterium trichothecenolyticum

  • Received : 2013.07.18
  • Accepted : 2013.09.05
  • Published : 2013.12.28

Abstract

Ginsenosides are the most important ingredient of ginseng and are known to possess many pharmacological and biological effects. Rb1, a major protopanaxadiol ginsenoside, is the most abundant ginsenoside in Panax ginseng C.A Meyer and can be hydrolyzed into more pharmaceutically potent minor ginsenosides. To identify a microorganism that is capable of converting Rb1 into other ginsenosides, we screened 12 Microbacterium spp., and M. trichothecenolyticum was identified as a likely candidate. M. trichothecenolyticum converted Rb1 into Rd and then into Rh2 based on TLC and HPLC analyses of reaction products. This biotransformation method can be easily applied for mass production of Rd and Rh2 by using Rb1.

Keywords

References

  1. Cheng LQ, Na JR, Bang MH, Kim MK, Yang DC. 2008. Conversion of major ginsenoside Rb1 to 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 by Microbacterium sp. GS514. Phytochemistry 69: 218-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2007.06.035
  2. Dong A, Ye M, Guo H, Zheng H, Guo D. 2003. Microbial transformation of ginsenoside Rb1 by Rhizopus stolonifer and Curvularia lunata. Biotechnol. Lett. 25: 339-344. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022320824000
  3. Ha YW, Na YC, Seo JJ, Kim SN, Linhardt RJ, Kim YS. 2006. Qualitative and quantitative determination of ten major saponins in Platycodi radix by high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection and mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 1135: 27-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2006.09.015
  4. Hwang JT, Kim SH, Lee MS, Kim SH, Yang HJ, Kim MJ, et al. 2007. Anti-obesity effects of ginsenoside Rh2 are associated with the activation of AMPK signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocyte. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 364: 1002-1008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.10.125
  5. Kim MW, Ko S-R, Choi KJ, Kim SC. 1987. Distribution of saponin in various sections of Panax ginseng root and changes of its contents according to root age. Korean J. Ginseng Sci. 11: 10-16.
  6. Kim YJ, Kim MK, Bui TP, Kim HB, Srinivasan S, Yang DC. 2010. Microbacterium ginsengiterrae sp. nov., a beta-glucosidaseproducing bacterium isolated from soil of a ginseng field. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 60: 2808-2812. https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.015784-0
  7. Lee HU, Bae EA, Han MJ, Kim DH. 2005. Hepatoprotective effect of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 and its metabolite 20(S)- ginsenoside Rh2 on tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced liver injury. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 28: 1992-1994. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.28.1992
  8. Lee WK, Kao ST, Liu IM, Cheng JT. 2006. Increase of insulin secretion by ginsenoside Rh2 to lower plasma glucose in Wistar rats. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 33: 27-32. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04319.x
  9. Park EK, Choo MK, Oh JK, Ryu JH, Kim DH. 2004. Ginsenoside Rh2 reduces ischemic brain injury in rats. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 27: 433-436 https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.27.433
  10. Wang Z, Zheng Q, Liu K, Li G, Zheng R. 2006. Ginsenoside Rh2 enhances antitumor activity and decreases genotoxic effect of cyclophosphamide. Basic Clin. Phamacol. Toxicol. 98: 411-415. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2006.pto_348.x
  11. Xie JT, Mehendale SR, Li X, Quigg R, Wang X, Wang CZ, et al. 2005. Anti-diabetic effect of ginsenoside Re in ob/ob mice. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1740: 319-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2004.10.010
  12. Ye R, Zhao G, Liu X. 2013. Ginsenoside Rd for acute ischemic stroke: translating from bench to bedside. Expert Rev. Neurother. 13: 603-613. https://doi.org/10.1586/ern.13.51
  13. Yu H, Gong J, Zhang C, Jin F. 2002. Purification and characterization of ginsenoside-$\alpha$-L-rhamnosidase. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 50: 175-178. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.50.175

Cited by

  1. Classification of glycosidases that hydrolyze the specific positions and types of sugar moieties in ginsenosides vol.36, pp.6, 2013, https://doi.org/10.3109/07388551.2015.1083942
  2. The interaction of serum albumin with ginsenoside Rh2 resulted in the downregulation of ginsenoside Rh2 cytotoxicity vol.41, pp.3, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgr.2016.06.005
  3. Microbial transformation of ginsenoside Rb1, Re and Rg1 and its contribution to the improved anti-inflammatory activity of ginseng vol.7, pp.None, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00262-0
  4. 인삼 연작토양에서 관수 및 인삼뿌리 잔사물이 토양 미생물상 및 뿌리썩음병 발생에 미치는 영향 vol.26, pp.5, 2013, https://doi.org/10.7783/kjmcs.2018.26.5.345
  5. Specific Interaction With Human Serum Albumin Reduces Ginsenoside Cytotoxicity in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells vol.11, pp.None, 2020, https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00498