Applied Microscopy

Korean Society of Microscopy (한국현미경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Ambient Variable Pressure Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy for Trichome Profiling of Plectranthus tomentosa by Secondary Electron Imaging

  • Kim, Ki Woo (School of Ecology and Environmental System, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2013.01.29
  • Accepted : 2013.02.26
  • Published : 2013.03.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Glandular and nonglandular trichomes on the leaf surface of Plectranthus tomentosa were investigated by variable pressure field emission scanning electron microscopy (VP-FESEM). The segments of the plant's leaves were directly mounted without any specimen preparation, and examined at ambient temperature using a variable pressure secondary electron (SE) detector under ca. 15 Pa. Foliar trichomes maintained their shapes and structures without severe surface collapse or charging. The adaxial leaf surface was abundantly covered with different types of trichome. Nonglandular trichomes consisted of a basal cell and a long (up to ca. $300{\mu}m$) stalk. Meanwhile, capitate glandular trichomes had a secretory head and a short or long stalk. Peltate glandular trichomes with globose secretory heads were observed in close contact with the leaf epidermis. Spherical projections on the secretory head showed the secretion process of glandular trichomes. In addition to the trichomes, oval stomata were distributed on the abaxial leaf surface. These results suggest that ambient VP-FESEM can be used to classify the dehydration-sensitive foliar trichomes of succulent plants by SE imaging. At the FESEM resolution, this approach facilitates the rapid and detailed morphological analysis of a variety of trichomes in diverse plant taxa with reduced labor and preparation.

Keywords

References

  1. Ascensao L, Figueiredo A C, Barroso J G, Pedro L G, Schripsema J, Deans S G, and Scheffer J C (1998) Plectranthus madagascariensis: morphology of the glandular trichomes, essential oil composition, and its biological activity. Int. J. Plant Sci. 159, 31-38. https://doi.org/10.1086/297518
  2. Ascensao L, Mota L, and Castro M de M (1999) Glandular trichomes on the leaves and flowers of Plectranthus ornatus: morphology, distribution and histochemistry. Ann. Bot. 84, 437-447. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1999.0937
  3. Bhatt A, Naidoo Y, and Nicholas A (2010) The foliar trichomes of Plectranthus laxiflorus Benth [Lamiaceae]: an important medicinal plant. New Zea. J. Bot. 48, 55-61. https://doi.org/10.1080/0028825X.2010.482958
  4. Evert R F (2006) Esau's Plant Anatomy: Meristems, Cells, and Tissues of the Plant Body-Their Structure, Function, and Development (John Wiley and Sons, New Jersey).
  5. Kim H J, Seo E, Kim J H, Cheong H, Kang B C, and Choi D (2012) Morphological classification of trichomes associated with possible biotic stress resistance in the genus Capsicum. Plant Pathol. J. 28, 107-113. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.NT.12.2011.0245
  6. Kim I S (2012) Anatomical and morphological features of seeds in Portulaca. Appl. Microsc. 42, 194-199. https://doi.org/10.9729/AM.2012.42.4.194
  7. Kim K W (2008) Visualization of micromorphology of leaf epicuticular waxes of the rubber tree Ficus elastica by electron microscopy. Micron 39, 976-984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2007.10.006
  8. Kim K W, Cho D H, and Kim P G (2011) Morphology of foliar trichomes of the Chinese cork oak Quercus variabilis by electron microscopy and three-dimensional surface profiling. Microsc. Microanal. 17, 461-468. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927611000407
  9. Kim K W, Choi S J, and Moon T W (2008) Backscattered electron imaging for reduced charging of moisturized corn starch granules: Implications for versatile imagery of hygroscopic powder specimens. Micron 39, 1160-1165. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micron.2008.05.007
  10. Kolb D and Müller M (2004) Light, conventional and environmental scanning electron microscopy of the trichomes of Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo var. styriaca and histochemistry of glandular secretory products. Ann. Bot. 94, 515-526. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mch180
  11. Lukhoba C W, Simmonds M S J, and Patron A J (2006) Plectranthus: a review of ethnobotanical uses. J. Ethnobot. 103, 1-24.
  12. McGregor J E and Donald A M (2010) ESEM imaging of dynamic biological processes: the closure of stomatal pores. J. Microsc. 239, 135-141.
  13. Mohan A, Khanna N, Hwu J, and Joy D C (1998) Secondary electron imaging in the variable pressure scanning electron microscope. Scanning 20, 436-441.
  14. Rice L J, Brits G J, Potgieter C J, and Van Staden J (2011) Plectranthus: A plant for the future? S. Afr. J. Bot. 77, 947-959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2011.07.001
  15. Sarria E, Palomares-Rus F J, Lopez-Sese A I, Heredia A, and Gomez- Guillamon M L (2010) Role of leaf glandular trichomes of melon plants in deterrence of Aphis gossypii Glover. Plant Biol. 12, 503- 511. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.2009.00239.x
  16. Stabentheiner E, Zankel A, and Polt P (2010) Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM)-a versatile tool in studying plants. Protoplasma 246, 89-99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-010-0155-3
  17. Stokes D J (2008) Principles and Practice of Variable Pressure/ Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (VP-ESEM) (John Wiley and Sons, West Sussex).
  18. Willis F, Moat J, and Paton A (2003) Defining a role for herbarium data in Red List assessments: a case study of Plectranthus from eastern and southern tropical Africa. Biodiv. Cons. 12, 1537-1552. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023679329093

Cited by

  1. Bioinspired materials for regenerative medicine: going beyond the human archetypes vol.4, pp.14, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5TB02634B