Toxicological Research

Korean Society of Toxicology & Korea Environmental Mutagen Society (한국독성학회)
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Betaine Alleviates Hypertriglycemia and Tau Hyperphosphorylation in db/db Mice

  • Jung, Ga-Young (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University) ;
  • Won, Sae-Bom (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kim, Juhae (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University) ;
  • Jeon, Sookyoung (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University) ;
  • Han, Anna (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University) ;
  • Kwon, Young Hye (Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University)
  • Received : 2013.03.07
  • Accepted : 2013.03.14
  • Published : 2013.03.31
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Abstract

Betaine supplementation has been shown to alleviate altered glucose and lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet or a high-sucrose diet. We investigated the beneficial effects of betaine in diabetic db/db mice. Alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress was also examined in the livers and brains of db/db mice fed a betaine-supplemented diet. Male C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice were fed with or without 1% betaine for 5 wk (referred to as the db/db-betaine group and the db/db group, respectively). Lean non-diabetic db/+ mice were used as the control group. Betaine supplementation significantly alleviated hyperinsulinemia in db/db mice. Betaine reduced hepatic expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha, a major transcription factor involved in gluconeogenesis. Lower serum triglyceride concentrations were also observed in the db/db-betaine group compared to the db/db group. Betaine supplementation induced hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a mRNA levels, and reduced acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity. Mice fed a betaine-supplemented diet had increased total glutathione concentrations and catalase activity, and reduced lipid peroxidation levels in the liver. Furthermore, betaine also reduced ER stress in liver and brain. c-Jun N-terminal kinase activity and tau hyperphosphorylation levels were lower in db/db mice fed a betaine-supplemented diet, compared to db/db mice. Our findings suggest that betaine improves hyperlipidemia and tau hyperphosphorylation in db/db mice with insulin resistance by alleviating ER and oxidative stress.

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References

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