Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
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Theoretical Backgrounds of Basin Concentration Time and Storage Coefficient and Their Empirical Formula

유역 집중시간 및 저류상수의 이론적 배경과 경험식

  • Lee, Jiho (School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Yoo, Chulsang (School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University) ;
  • Sin, Jiye (School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University)
  • 이지호 (고려대학교 대학원 건축사회환경공학부) ;
  • 유철상 (고려대학교 공과대학 건축사회환경공학부) ;
  • 신지예 (고려대학교 대학원 건축사회환경공학부)
  • Received : 2012.07.04
  • Accepted : 2012.10.11
  • Published : 2013.02.28
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Abstract

This study proposes proper forms of empirical formulas for the concentration time and storage coefficient based on their theoretical backgrounds and evaluates several existing empirical formulas by comparing them with the formula proposed in this study. Additionally, empirical formulas for the concentration time and storage coefficient of the Chungju Dam basin were derived using the forms proposed by considering their theoretical backgrounds, and compared with exiting empirical formulas. The results derived are summarized as follows. (1) The concentration time of a basin is proportional to the square of the main channel length, but inversely proportional to the channel slope, as the flood flow is generally turbulent. (2) The storage coefficient is proportional to the concentration time. (3) The comparison results with existing empirical formulas for the concentration time indicates that the empirical formulas like the Kirpich, Kraven (I), Kraven (II), California DoT, Kerby, SCS, and Morgali & Linsley are in line with the form proposed in this study. Among existing empirical formulas for the storage coefficient, the Clak, Russell, Sabol and Jung are found to be well matched to this study. (4) The application results to Chungju Dam basin indicates that among empirical formulas for the concentration time, the Jung, Yoon, Kraven (I), and Kraven (II) show relatively similar results to the observed in this study, but the Rziha shows abnormal results. Among the empirical formulas for the storage coefficient, the Yoon and Hong, Jung, Lee, and Yoon show somewhat reasonable results, but the Sabol shows abnormal results. In conclusion, the empirical formulas for the concentration time and storage coefficient developed in Korea are found to reflect the basin characteristics of Korea better.

본 연구에서는 유역 집중시간과 저류상수의 이론적 배경을 바탕으로 적절한 경험식의 형태를 제시하고 기존의 경험식의 형태와 비교 평가하였다. 추가로, 제시된 경험식의 형태를 이용하여 충주댐 유역의 집중시간 및 저류상수의 경험식을 유도하고, 유도된 경험식과 기존의 경험식들을 비교하였다. 그 결과를 정리하면 다음과 같다. (1) 유역의 집중시간에 대한 경험공식의 형태는 유로연장의 제곱에 비례하고 유로경사에 반비례하는 형태로 나타난다. (2) 저류상수는 집중시간에 비례하는 형태로 나타난다. (3) 기존 매개변수에 관한 경험식을 검토한 결과, 집중시간의 경우에는 Kirpich 공식, Kraven (I) 공식, Kraven (II) 공식, California DoT 공식, Kerby 공식, SCS 공식 및 Morgali and Linsley 공식 등이 이러한 이론적 배경을 잘 따르고 있는 것으로 나타난다. 저류상수의 경우, Clark 공식, Russell 공식, Sabol 공식 및 정성원 공식 등이 본 저류상수와 집중시간의 비례관계를 매우 잘 만족하는 것으로 나타난다. (4) 기존의 경험식을 충주댐 유역에 적용한 결과, 집중시간의 경험식 중 정성원 공식, 윤태훈 등 공식, Kraven (I) 공식 및 Kraven (II) 공식은 추정한 집중시간과 비교적 유사한 결과를 보였으나, Rziha 공식은 비정상적인 결과를 나타내는 것으로 나타났다. 저류상수의 경우에는 윤석영과 홍일표 공식, 정성원 공식, 이정식 등 공식 및 윤태훈 등 공식이 어느 정도 합리적인 결과를 보인 반면, Sabol 공식의 경우에는 비정상적인 결과가 유도되었다. 결론적으로 국내의 집중시간 및 저류상수에 대한 경험공식이 국내 유역의 특성을 잘 반영하는 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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